Phytochemicals as Nutraceuticals - Global Apprs. to Their Role in Nutrition, Health

288 Pages·2012·5.71 MB·English

by  V. Rao

PHYTOCHEMICALS AS
NUTRACEUTICALS –
GLOBAL APPROACHES
TO THEIR ROLE IN
NUTRITION AND HEALTH

Edited by Venketeshwer Rao
Phytochemicals as Nutraceuticals – Global Approaches to Their Role in Nutrition
and Health
Edited by Venketeshwer Rao

Published by InTech
Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia

Copyright © 2012 InTech
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First published March, 2012
Printed in Croatia

A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com
Additional hard copies can be obtained from [email protected]

Phytochemicals as Nutraceuticals – Global Approaches to Their Role in Nutrition and Health,
Edited by Venketeshwer Rao
p. cm.
ISBN 978-953-51-0203-8

Contents

Preface IX
Chapter 1 Biological Oxidations
and Antioxidant Activity of Natural Products 1
Xirley Pereira Nunes, Fabrício Souza Silva,
Jackson Roberto Guedes da S. Almeida,
Julianeli Tolentino de Lima, Luciano Augusto de Araújo Ribeiro,
Lucindo José Quintans Júnior and José Maria Barbosa Filho
Chapter 2 Antimicrobial and Antioxidant
Activities of Some Plant Extracts 21
Elita Scio, Renata F. Mendes, Erick V.S. Motta,
Paula M.Q. Bellozi, Danielle M.O. Aragão, Josiane Mello,
Rodrigo L. Fabri, Jussara R. Moreira,
Isabel V.L. de Assis and Maria Lúcia M. Bouzada
Chapter 3 Antiadhesive Effect of Plant Compounds in Bacteria 43
Orlando A. Abreu and Guillermo Barreto
Chapter 4 Improved Fertility Potential and Antimicrobial
Activities of Sesame Leaves Phytochemicals 67
Lukeman Adelaja Joseph Shittu and Remilekun Keji Mary Shittu
Chapter 5 Phytochemical and Antibacterial Studies
of the Hexane Extract of Alchornea cordifolia Leaf 89
G.O. Adeshina, O.F. Kunle, J.A. Onaolapo,
J.O. Ehinmidu and L.E. Odama
Chapter 6 Antioxidant and Anti-Proliferative
Capacity of a Dichloromethane Extract
of Dicerocaryum senecioides Leaves 97
Leseilane J. Mampuru, Pirwana K. Chokoe, Maphuti C. Madiga,
Annette Theron, Ronald Anderson and Matlou P. Mokgotho
Chapter 7 Antioxidant Activity
of European Mistletoe (Viscum album) 115
Simona Ioana Vicas, Dumitrita Rugina and Carmen Socaciu
VI Contents

Chapter 8 Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory
Activities of Sasa quelpaertensis Leaf Extracts 135
Se-Jae Kim, Joon-Ho Hwang, Hye-Sun Shin,
Mi-Gyeong Jang, Hee-Chul Ko and Seong-Il Kang
Chapter 9 Plant Polyphenols as Antioxidants
Influencing the Human Health 155
Sanda Vladimir-Knežević, Biljana Blažeković,
Maja Bival Štefan and Marija Babac
Chapter 10 Plant Polyphenols:
Extraction, Structural Characterization,
Hemisynthesis and Antioxidant Properties 181
Nour-Eddine Es-Safi
Chapter 11 Potato Peel as a Source
of Important Phytochemical Antioxidant Nutraceuticals
and Their Role in Human Health – A Review 207
A. Al-Weshahy and V.A. Rao
Chapter 12 Polyamines of Plant Origin –
An Important Dietary Consideration for Human Health 225
Denise C. Hunter and David J. Burritt
Chapter 13 The Dichapetalins – Unique Cytotoxic
Constituents of the Dichapetalaceae 245
Dorcas Osei-Safo, Mary A. Chama,
Ivan Addae-Mensah and Reiner Waibel
Chapter 14 Screening of some Traditionally Used
Plants for Their Hepatoprotective Effect 255
Saleh I. Alqasoumi and Maged S. Abdel-Kader

Preface

Since global recognition of the dietary guidelines that include increased consumption of
plant-based foods for the prevention of chronic diseases and maintaining good health,
there has been a considerable interest in the biologically active compounds that are
present in plant foods. These compounds have been referred to, among other terms, as
‘Phytochemicals’, ‘Phytonutrients’, ‘Nutraceuticals’ and ‘Functional ingredients”. They
include a multitude of compounds having different chemical identities, biological
activities and mechanisms of action. The scope of ‘Phytochemicals’ has expanded
beyond their initial applications to food to include therapeutics, pharmaceuticals and
cosmeceuticals. Although advancements have been made in the field of phytochemicals
in the past few decades, more information on the analytical methods of isolation and
characterization, their occurrence, biological activity, mechanisms of action and
applications to the food and other health industries need to be obtained through
systematic scientific investigations. Recognizing this need for more information, a plan
to publish a book that brings together up to date information on various aspects of
phytochemicals was initiated. This book is a collection of several articles that range in
scope from the diversity of their occurrence and chemical characteristics, analytical
challenges in their isolation and characterization, and the undertaking of basic and
clinical researches to evaluate their biological activities both in animal and human
health. The book provides a global perspective related to the phytochemicals present
not only in foods but also in medicinal plants. Internationally recognized authors that
have expertise in their own respective areas within the phytochemical discipline have
contributed to this book. Contents of this important and timely book are useful not
only to the researchers but also to health professionals, government regulatory
agencies and industrial personnel. It is with this vision that we present this book to
our readers and are confident that it will serve as a standard reference book in this
important field of human nutrition and health.

Dr. A. V. Rao
Professor Emeritus,
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine
University of Toronto,
Canada