Phytochemical and biological activity studies of Galenia Africana

18 Pages·2015·0.69 MB·English

Phytochemical and biological activity studies of
Galenia africana
Lawrence Awa Ticha, PhD
Division of Clinical Pharmacology
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
Stellenbosch University
E-mail: [email protected]
PHYTOPHARM 2015
15 July 2015
South Africa
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Content:
Aim

Introduction

Methods

Results and Discussion

Conclusion

Acknowledgment

References

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Aim
This study focused on an 80% ethanol : water
extract of Galenia africana in which the
antimicrobial activity of isolated flovanoids
against S. aureus and methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was investigated.
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Galenia africana
 Belongs to the family Aizoaceae
 It is an erect aromatic green to
yellow-green soft woody shrub
between 0.5 to 1.5 m high
 Its distribution ranges from the
dry flatlands and lower slopes of
the Northern Cape
 The plant was chewed by the
indigenous Khoi-San to relieve
toothache and has also been
implicated in the treatment of
venereal diseases, wounds, skin
diseases and to relieve
inflammation of the eye
 Extracts of G. africana have
demonstrated substantial activity
against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(1)
Introduction…
A number of studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of
flavonoids in a variety of ailments including (2):
cancer
Coronary heart diseases
Bone mass loss
Age-related diseases
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Antifungal agents
Antioxidants
Introduction…
 Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds with a major
characteristic being the presence of a 1,3-diarylpropane skeleton
capable of assuming different cyclic and alicyclic arrangements,
depending on the various levels of oxidation.
 Chalcones, are open chain flavonoids characterized by the
presence of two aromatic or phenolic rings joined by an α,β-
unsaturated carbonyl chain viz., 1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-one.
Methods
Fractionation and purification
80% EtOH : H O Extract
2 Phytochemical screening
Parceval (Pty) Ltd Pharmaceutical (South Africa) (2 L)
(20.15g) Crude extract
EtOAc/n-Hexane(5 – 80%)
E (1.03g)
A (1.72g) B (4.77g) C (2.62g) D (2.32g)
Compounds 1- 9
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Methods…
Antimicrobial assay
An in vitro antimicrobial screening against S. aureus and
MRSA was carried out with vancomycin as standard. Kirby-
Bauer agar disc diffusion assays were used with slight
modifications (3)
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Results and Discussion…
Phytochemical Screening
Phytochemical constituents G. africana
Alkaloids - -
Anthraquinone - -
Coumarins - -
Flavonoids + + +
Leucoanthocyanins - -
Simple phenolics +
Steroids - -
Saponins +
Tannins +
Terpenoid +
Cardiac glycosides +
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