Table Of Content

php|architect’s Guide to Programming Magento byMarkKimsal php|architect’sGuidetoProgrammingMagento ContentsCopyright©2007-2008MarkKimsal–AllRightsReserved Bookandcoverlayout,designandtextCopyright©2004-2008MarcoTabini&Associates,Inc.–AllRightsReserved FirstEdition:May2008 ISBN:978-0-9738621-7-1 ProducedinCanada PrintedintheUnitedStates Nopartofthisbookmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinanyformor bymeanswithoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofthepublisher,excetinthecaseofbriefquotations embeddedincriticalreviewsorarticles. Disclaimer Althougheveryefforthasbeenmadeinthepreparationofthisbooktoensuretheaccuracyofthe informationcontainedtherein, thisbookisprovided”as-is”andthepublisher, theauthor(s), their distributorsandretailers,aswellasallaffiliated,relatedorsubsidiarypartiestakenoresponsibility foranyinaccuracyandanyandalldamagescaused,eitherdirectlyorindirectly,bytheuseofsuch information. Wehaveendeavouredtoproperlyprovidetrademarkinformationonallcompaniesand productsmentionedinthebookbytheappropriateuseofcapitals.However,wecannotguaranteethe accuracyofsuchinformation. MarcoTabini&Associates,TheMTAlogo,php|architect,thephp|architectlogo,NanoBookandthe NanoBooklogoaretrademarksorregisteredtrademarksofMarcoTabini&Associates,Inc. Writtenby MarkKimsal Publishedby MarcoTabini&Associates,Inc. 28BombayAve. Toronto,ONM3H1B7 Canada (416)630-6202/(877)630-6202 info@phparch.com/www.phparch.com Publisher MarcoTabini TechnicalReviewer PaulReinheimer LayoutandDesign ArbiArzoumani ManagingEditor ElizabethNaramore FinanceandResourceManagement EmanuelaCorso Contents Chapter1—Introduction 1 WhoCanUseThisBook?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Developers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 StoreOwners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 AboutThisBook. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 CodeFormatting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 XMLExamples. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 OperatingSystemConsiderations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Chapter2—DevelopingforMagento 7 PrepYourEnvironment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 LAMP/WAMPPlatform. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Subversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 MySQLTools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 DatabaseSetup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 MagentoSetup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 InitializingSubversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Chapter3—ExploringMagento 13 MagentoCatalogs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 AttributeSystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 vi ” CONTENTS MultipleStores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 MultipleCatalogs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 MultipleDesigns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Chapter4—MagentoModules 27 ModuleStructure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 CodePools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 ModulePackages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Helpers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Configfiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 TemplateSystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 LayoutFiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 TemplateFiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 MageApplication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Magento’sRequestCycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Chapter5—DatabaseDesign 43 ResourcesandDatabaseConnections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 MasterSlaveSetup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 ModelsandResourceModels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 EAVDesign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 EAVversusNormalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Entities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 DefaultEntities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 DefiningEntities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 SavingEntities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 EntityAttributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 AttributeValues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Collections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 CONTENTS ” vii Chapter6—CustomModules 57 TheFilesystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 TheShellModule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 DefaultDirectories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 DefaultFiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 ModuleRequirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 PlanofAttack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 ConfigurationFiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Config.xml . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 TemplateChanges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 LayoutChanges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 OverriddingaBlock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Chapter7—CMSIntegration 75 CMSDrivenApproach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 TechnicalConsiderations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 TheUserConnectModule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Passwords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 EntityAttributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 DealingwithLegacyAttributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 SynchronizingSessions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 MagentoListeners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 CMSSessions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 SharedThemes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 StoreDrivenIntegration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Chapter8—MadetoOrderModule 97 ExampleScenario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 PlanofAttack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 TheLengthAttribute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 NewModule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 viii ” CONTENTS OverridingtheBlock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 RecordingUserInput . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 AddingDatatotheQuote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 AddingDatatotheOrder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 ShowCustomizationstotheCustomer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 ModifytheCartPage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 SeparatingSimilarProductsintheCart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 Chapter9—PointsandRewardsModule 113 Planofattack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 AddingNewAttributestoProducts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 CreatingaShellModule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 RecordingPointsOrdered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 MakingaModel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 EventListeners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 ShowtheCustomerTheirPoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 DashboardLayout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 DynamicCoupons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 CouponModels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 DeductingPoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 Chapter10—BackendIntegration 135 StartingaNewModule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 TheController . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 CRUDController . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 ReadAction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 UpdateAction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 DeleteAction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 CreateAction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 SecuringtheController . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 ClientAccess. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 CONTENTS ” ix Chapter11—QuickAnswerstoCommonQuestions 151 Magento’snamingconventionsarecrazy! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 HowdoIrunarawqueryagainstthedatabase? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 HowdoIturnoffthepriceinthelayerednavigation? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 HowdoImovetheadminpaneltoanewnameforsecurity? . . . . . . . . . 154 HowdoIuseinstallationandupgradefilesinmycustommodules? . . . . . 155 HowdoIrunMagentocodewithoutbuildingamodule? . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 HowdoIshowtherootcatalogcategoryonthehomepage?. . . . . . . . . . 158 HowdoIhidethepriceofproductsbeforetheygointothecartorifaperson isnotloggedin? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 HowdoIfindoutthepropertablename? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 HowdoIshowMagentoproductsonanon-Magentopage? . . . . . . . . . . 162 Help,myproductchangesdon’tshowuponthefrontend! . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Igiveup!Magentoistooconfusing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 Index 167

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php|architect's Guide to Programming Magento . Chapter 5 — Database Design .. If you are not a programmer, but simply want to run a Magento store, this
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