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PHP Web Development with Macromedia Dreamweaver MX 2004 ALLAN KENT AND DAVID POWERS WITH RACHEL ANDREW ApreSSQ/ PHP Web Development with Macromedia Dreamweaver MX 2004 Copyright © 2004 by Allan Kent, David Powers, Rachel Andrew Originally published by Apress in 2004. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any me ans, electronic or mechanical, inc1uding photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner and the publisher. ISBN 978-1-59059-350-9 ISBN 978-1-4302-0701-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4302-0701-6 Trademarked names may appear in this book. Rather than use a trademark symbol with every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use the names only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Lead Editor: Chris Mills Editorial Board: Steve Anglin, Dan Appleman, Ewan Buckingham, Gary Cornell, Tony Davis, John Franklin, Jason Gilmore, Chris Mills, Steve Rycroft, Dominic Shakeshaft, !im Sumser, Karen Watterson, Gavin Wray, John Zukowski Project Managers: Nate McFadden, Laura Cheu Copy Edit Manager: Nicole LeClerc Copy Editor: Marilyn Smith Production Manager: Kari Brooks Production Editor: Janet Vail Compositor: Susan Glinert Stevens Proofreader: Liz Welch Indexer: Valerie Perry Artist: Kinetic Publishing Services, LLC Cover Designer: Kurt Krames Manufacturing Manager: Tom Debolski Distributed to the book trade in the United States by Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 233 Spring Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY 10013 and outside the United States by Springer-Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69112 Heidelberg, Germany. In the United States: phone 1-BOO-SPRINGER, e-mail [email protected]. or visit http:/ /www.springer-ny.com. Outside the United States: fax +49 6221345229, e-mail [email protected], or visit http://www.springer.de. For information on translations, pIe ase contactApress directly at 2560 Ninth Street, Suite 219, Berkeley, CA 94710. Phone 510-549-5930, fax 510-549-5939, e-mail [email protected], or visit http://www.apress.com. The information in this book is distributed on an "as is" basis, without warranty. Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation ofthis work, neither the author(s) nor Apress shall have any liability to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by the information contained in this work. The source code for this book is available to readers at http://www.apress.comin the Source Code section. Contents at a Glance About the Authors ............................................................................................... ix Introduction ......................................................................................................... xi Chapter 1 Introduction to PHP ............................................................. 1 Chapter 2 Introduction to MySQL and SQL ..................................... 27 Chapter 3 Introduction to Dreamweaver MX 2004 ........................ 61 Chapter 4 Web Standards in Dreamweaver ....................................... 83 Chapter 5 Data Manipulation and Server Behaviors ................ 153 Chapter 6 Code Reuse with Dreamweaver and PHP ...................... 203 Chapter 7 Dreamweaver Extensions ................................................... 247 Chapter 8 Debugging and Error Handling ..................................... 295 Chapter 9 Case Study: Roundtree Garden Club ........................... 341 Appendix Setting Up Your Environment ........................................ 461 Index ...................................................................................................................... 505 iii Contents About the Authors ....................................................................................... ix Introduction .................................................................................................... xi Chapter 1 Introduction to PHP ..................................................... 1 What Exactly 1s PHP? ......................................................................................... 1 The PHP Language .................................................................................................. 3 Summary ................................................................................................................... 26 Chapter 2 Introduction to MySQL and SQL ......................... 27 Administering Your Database ........................................................................ 27 Creating a Database ......................................................................................... 40 CreaUng a User with Rights ........................................................................ 42 Creating a 5ample Table ................................................................................ 46 Manipulating Data .............................................................................................. 53 Summary ................................................................................................................... 59 Chapter 3 Introduction to Dreamweaver MX 2004 .......... 61 Changes in Dreamweaver MX 2004 ................................................................. 61 Setting Up a 5ite .............................................................................................. 71 Managing Your 5ite ........................................................................................... 77 Summary ................................................................................................................... 81 Chapter 4 Web Standards in Dreamweaver ............................ 83 Authoring Valid XHTML ..................................................................................... 83 Authoring Valid C55 ......................................................................................... 96 Using C55 Tools in Dreamweaver MX 2004 .............................................. 101 Creating Valid Markup ................................................................................... 113 Using C55 for Layout ..................................................................................... 134 Addressing Browser and Device 1ssues .................................................. 145 Working with Dynamic Data .......................................................................... 150 Summary ................................................................................................................. 151 v Contents Chapter 5 Data Manipulation and Server Behaviors ............................................... 153 Setting Up a Database ................................................................................... 153 Connecting Web Pages to a Database ....................................................... 157 Using Recordsets to Retrieve Data ......................................................... 159 Adding New Records to a Database ........................................................... 166 Displaying Data from a Database ............................................................. 169 Modi fying Data in a Database .................................................................... 176 Reporting Database Information ............................................................... 196 Summary .................................................................................................................. 201 Chapter 6 Code Reuse with Dreamweaver and PHP ........ 203 Using Dreamweaver Templates ...................................................................... 203 Recycling Code with Dreamweaver Library Items ............................... 221 Building Your Own Code Library ............................................................... 226 Including Code from External Files in PHP Pages .......................... 236 Summary .................................................................................................................. 244 Chapter 7 Dreamweaver Extensions .......................................... 247 Introducing the Extension Manager ......................................................... 247 Getting and Installing Extensions ......................................................... 249 Creating Your Own Extensions .................................................................... 256 Packaging Extensions ..................................................................................... 289 Summary .................................................................................................................. 294 Chapter 8 Debugging and Error Handling .......................... 295 Syntax Errors ..................................................................................................... 296 Dreamweaver MX 2004 Features to Help Avoid Syntax Errors ....... 304 Runtime Errors .................................................................................................. 311 Logic Errors ....................................................................................................... 326 Debugging Techniques ..................................................................................... 333 Summary .................................................................................................................. 340 vi Contents Chapter 9 Case Study: Roundtree Garden Club ............. 341 An Overview of the Project ........................................................................ 341 Planning and Creating the Database Tables ....................................... 343 Building the Administration Section .................................................... 353 CreaUng the Public Face of the Web Site ......................................... 417 The Road Ahead .................................................................................................. 458 Appendix Setting Up Your Environment ............................. 461 Setting Up in a Windows System ............................................................... 461 Setting Up in a Mac OS X System ............................................................. 487 Setting Up Dreamweaver MX 2004 ............................................................... 500 Index ................................................................................................................... 505 vii About the Authors Allan Kent has been programming seriously for the past 10 years or so, and other than a single blemish when he aehieved a diploma in Cobol programming, is entirely self-taught. He started his eareer working at the loeal university and now eo-owns a eompany that does new media design. Allan lives in Cape Town, South Afriea, with his girlfriend and four eats. David Powers has been professionally involved with the eleetronie media for 30 years, mostly in radio and television. He was a BBC Tokyo eorrespondent in the late 1980s and early 1990s, but more reeently has eoneentrated on Internet projeets. He built his first web site in 1995, and was instantly hooked. Eventually, the sheer tedium of updating eontent eonvineed hirn there must be a better way. After abrief flirtation with ASp, he experimented with PHp, and found hirns elf hooked yet again. Fluent in Japanese, David speeializes in building Japanese-English bilingual web sites, writing about Japan, and translating Japanese (he has translated several plays). He is eoauthor of Foundation Dreamweaver MX 2004 (friends of ED, 2004), and has worked as teehnieal reviewer on a number of web-related titles for the Apress group. ix Introduction HELLO, AND WELCOME to PHP Web Development with Macromedia Dreamweaver MX 2004. This book aims to provide you with an essential, one-stop guide to mastering PHP web si te development on the PC or Mac, using Dreamweaver MX 2004 as your tool of choice. If you are a novice at using Dreamweaver or building PHP web sites, or ifyou do have prior experience and want to familiarize yourself with the new features provided in Dreamweaver MX 2004, this book is for you. The technologies you will be working with in this book are as follows: Dreamweaver MX 2004: The newest version of Macromedia's best- selling web design and development tool, which boasts more than three million users worldwide. The newversion comes with major improvements, such as a more streamlined intuitive interface, improved integration with other programs, improved support for web standards, and much more. PHP: The most popular server-side scripting language in existence, PHP allows you to create powerful, dynamic web sites. Web site development with PHP is made even easier through its support in Dreamweaver (since UltraDev 4) as a server model. The version of PHP covered in this book is 4.3.4, although some allusions are made in appropriate pI aces to usage of the forthcoming new version, PHP 5 (currently in final beta stages). MySQL: By far, the most widely used, open-source relational database management system, MySQL has long been the database solution of choice to use with dynamic PHP web sites, and it's the one supported in Dreamweaver. The version we cover in this book is the latest stable version, 4.0. Apache: The open-source web server of choice to serve PHP/MySQL web sites, and the one expected by Dreamweaver (are you are seeing a pattern here?). Versions 1.3 and 2.0 are both popular. In this book, we cover Apache 2.0 on Windows, because it is designed with Windows in mind, and Apache 1.3 for Mac, as it comes already installed (on OS X). Chapters 1 through 3 of this book introduce the features of PHp, MySQL, and Dreamweaver MX 2004, respectively. The book's appendix provides an extensive step-by-step guide to setting up your Apache/PHP/MySQLlDreamweaver MX 2004 environment, for PC and Mac systems. After you have your installation sorted out and mastered the basics of the technologies you will be using, we delve deep into Dreamweaver's features. xi Introduction • We look at web standards in Chapter 4, including working with XHTML and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) in Dreamweaver, validating your XHTML pages against the different XHTML Document Type Declarations (DTDs), and allowing older browsers to view your pages. • Chapter 5 is dedicated to data manipulation and server behaviors. Here, we go into depth on how to design and build a MySQL database, and how to connect it to a PHP web site via Dreamweaver. We cover using recordsets to retrieve data, modifying and deleting that data, and using it on your PHP pages through Dreamweaver server behaviors. • Code reuse is the focus of Chapter 6, where we look at methods available in Dreamweaver and PHP to reuse sections of code in your web pages, saving you a lot of time and effort in the process. Specifically, we look at Dream weaver templates, library items, snippets, and PHP includes. • Dreamweaver extensions are covered in Chapter 7. We describe what exten sions are and how they are used. Then we explain how to build your own extensions and package them so they can be made available to others. • We go into debugging and error handling in Chapter 8, looking at how to spot, correct, and prevent syntax, runtime, and logic errors. We round off the book with a comprehensive case study in Chapter 9, which shows how to plan, design, and implement a complete PHP IMySQL web site using Dreamweaver. This case study uses many of the techniques covered in the book and includes a wealth of typical features that you might implement on a dynamic web site. These include an online contact form, a member login page, a blogging system (where registered members can add articles to the site) , and much more. Remember that you can download the source code for the book from http://www.apress.(am.This will save you the trouble of typing everything in! We are confident that this book will be a great learning tool to you, and we hope that you have as much fun reading it as we did writing it. Enjoy! xii