Photochemistry Volume 43 A Specialist Periodical Report Photochemistry Volume 43 Editors Angelo Albini, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy Elisa Fasani, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy Authors Valeria Amendola, University of Pavia, Italy Koji Araki, University of Tokyo, Japan Antonino Arrigo, University of Messina, Italy Aaron B. Beeler, Metcalf Science Center, Boston, USA Greta Bergamaschi, University of Pavia, Italy Ana Borba, University of Coimbra, Portugal Alexander Bricen˜o, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research, Caracas, Venezuela Hugh D. Burrows, University of Coimbra, Portugal Sean R. Corning, Metcalf Science Center, Boston, USA Ana M. Escalona, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research, Caracas, Venezuela Rui Fausto, University of Coimbra, Portugal Richard H. Friend, University of Cambridge, UK Andrea Go´mez-Zavaglia, University of Coimbra, Portugal Kristin M. Hutchins, University of Iowa, USA Giuseppina La Ganga, University of Messina, Italy Maria Letizia Di Pietro, University of Messina, Italy Maurizio Licchelli, University of Pavia, Italy Leonard R. MacGillivray, University of Iowa, USA Ilse Manet, CNR, Bologna, Italy Sandra Monti, CNR, Bologna, Italy Andrew J. Musser, University of Cambridge, UK Toshiki Mutai, University of Tokyo, Japan Francesco Nastasi, University of Messina, Italy Joa˜o Pina, University of Coimbra, Portugal Fausto Puntoriero, University of Messina, Italy Antonio Santoro, University of Messina, Italy J. Se´rgio Seixas de Melo, University of Coimbra, Portugal Scolastica Serroni, University of Messina, Italy Hannah L. Stern, University of Cambridge, UK Emanuela Trovato, University of Messina, Italy ISBN: 978-1-78262-125-6 eISBN: 978-1-78262-277-2 ISSN: 0556-3860 DOI: 10.1039/9781782622772 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library & The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 All rights reserved Apart from fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study for non-commercial purposes, or for private study, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988 and the Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003, this publication may not be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of The Royal Society of Chemistry, or in the case of reproduction in accordance with the terms of the licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency in the UK, or in accordance with the terms of the licences issued by the appropriate Reproduction Rights Organization outside the UK. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the terms stated here should be sent to The Royal Society of Chemistry at the address printed on this page. Published by The Royal Society of Chemistry, Thomas Graham House, Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WF, UK Registered Charity Number 207890 For further information see our web site at www.rsc.org Printed in the United Kingdom by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY, UK Preface DOI: 10.1039/9781782622772-FP007 Volume43followsthepatternofprevioustitlesfromVolume39onwards, which combines a review on the latest advancements in photochemistry (everyotheryearonapartofthisdiscipline)andhighlightssometopics. We thank the reviewers, who maintained their thorough work once again, as well as the contributors of highlights. We thank Professor Maldotti, who after several years left the team and welcome Professor Amendolaasanewreporterforinorganicphotochemistry.Ithasbeen,as usual,quiteatoughjobtocompleteallthecontributions(almost)within the planned deadlines. We must admit that, hard work as it may have been, having the opportunity of seeing such a large wealth of photo- chemical experience has been a really nice experience. We thank the staff working on Specialist Periodical Reports at the Royal Society of Chemistry and our colleagues of the Photochemical Group at the University of Pavia, who make photochemistry such an entertaining experience every day. Angelo Albini and Elisa Fasani Photochemistry,2016,43,vii–vii | vii (cid:2)c TheRoyalSocietyofChemistry2016 CONTENTS Cover Aquote(backcover)fromacentury agoshowingthattheconversionof solarirradiationintoeasilyusedforms ofenergywasalreadyfeltaskeyissue. M.Bodenstein,Z.AngewChem.,1915, 28,209–211. Preface vii Angelo Albini and Elisa Fasani Periodical Reports: Physical and Inorganic Aspects Introduction and review of the year 2014 3 Angelo Albini and Elisa Fasani 1 Introduction 3 2 Review of the year 2014 5 References 18 Light induced reactions in cryogenic matrices 20 (highlights 2013–2014) Rui Fausto, Ana Borba and Andrea Go´mez-Zavaglia 1 Introduction 20 2 Light induced conformational isomerizations in 22 cryomatrices 3 Tautomerizations and other structural isomerizations 38 4 Fragmentation reactions, unstable intermediates and 48 formation of complexes or weakly bound species 5 Noble gas chemistry 73 Acknowledgements 76 References 77 Photochemistry,2016,43,ix–xii | ix (cid:2)c TheRoyalSocietyofChemistry2016 Triplet states on p-conjugated polymers, oligomers and 83 related materials J. S´ergio Seixas de Melo, Hugh D. Burrows and Joa˜o Pina 1 Backgroundontripletstatecharacterizationandphotophysics 83 2 Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) 84 3 Delayed fluorescence: T–T annihilation (P-type) and 86 thermally activated (E-type) 4 Singlet exciton fission (SEF) 88 5 Photochemistry and photodegradation in the solid state 89 6 Theoretical studies on triplet states 91 7 Energy transfer and migration 93 8 Conclusions 97 Acknowledgements 98 References 98 Photochemical and photocatalytic properties of transition 103 metal compounds Valeria Amendola, Greta Bergamaschi and Maurizio Licchelli 1 Introduction 103 2 Tungsten 103 3 Manganese 105 4 Rhenium 106 5 Iron 108 6 Ruthenium 113 7 Cobalt 122 8 Rhodium 124 9 Iridium 125 10 Nickel 130 11 Platinum 132 12 Copper 133 13 Properties of other transition metal compounds 136 References 138 Photophysics of transition metal complexes 148 Maria Letizia Di Pietro, Francesco Nastasi, Emanuela Trovato, Antonino Arrigo, Antonio Santoro, Scolastica Serroni, Giuseppina La Ganga and Fausto Puntoriero 1 Introduction 148 2 Copper, silver and gold 149 3 Zinc, cadmium and mercury 151 4 Rhenium 153 5 Ruthenium and osmium 155 x | Photochemistry,2016,43,ix–xii