Photochemistry Photobiology Al— — Journal ©) Pergamon Press PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY An International Journal Official Organ of the American Society for Photobiology EDITOR Professor PILL-SOON SONG, Department of Chemistry, Hamilton Hall Room 544, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0376, USA Tel. (402) 472-2733, Fax (402) 472-2044, E-mail: [email protected] ASSOCIATE EDITORS JAMES E. CLEAVER, HARRY Morrison, Univ. of California, San Francisco, CA Purdue Univ., W. Lafayette, IN THERESE M. CoTTON, SHIAO-CHUN TU, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA Univ. of Houston, Houston, TX CHARLES J. GOMER : - : Rex M. TYRRELL, Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA Swiss Inst. for Exp. Cancer Research, ANTHONY A. GORMAN, Lausanne, Switzerland Univ. of Manchester, Manchester, England PAUL VIGNY, DONAT HADER : ; ; : Institut Curie, Paris, France Universitat Erlangen-Nirnberg, Erlangen, Germany RICHARD E. 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(404) 721-2601 Changes of address of members of the Society should be sent to the Society Office. Fax (404) 721-3048 om The text paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences— Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. CONTENTS VOLUME 54 NUMBER 1 JULY 1991 PHOTOCHEMISTRY SECTION Articles Monica Barra, Cornelia Bohne 1 Study of xanthone-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes in the solid state using and J. C. Scaiano time-resolved diffuse reflectance-laser flash photolysis Maeng Sup Kim and Sang Chul Shim Photophysical properties and conformational equilibrium of trans-6- styrylquinoxaline J. C. Netto-Ferreira and J. C. Scaiano Photochemistry of 1,2,3-indanetrione Toshiyuki Tamai, Kazuhiko Mizuno, 23 Photooxygenation of biphenyl and its derivatives via photoinduced electron Isao Hashida and Yoshio Otsuji transfer: effect of Mg(ClO,), on photooxygenation Dong-Myung Shin, Sung Woong Kim 31 Polarization study of 5(E)-styryl-1,3-dimethyl uracil in diisooctyl sulfosucci- and Sang Chul Shim nate (aerosol-OT) reversed micelle solutions PHOTOBIOLOGY SECTION Articles Reza Dabestani, Krzysztof J. Reszka, 37 Spectroscopic studies of cutaneous photosensitizing agents—XVI. Disperse Donald G. Davis, Robert H. Sik Blue 35 and Colin F. Chignell Jose Iturraspe and Albert Gossauer Formation of oxoniachlorins on photooxidation of 20-trifluoroacetoxy- and 20-chloro-chlorophyll derivatives C. Murali Krishna, Shobha Uppuluri, A study of the photodynamic efficiencies of some eye lens constituents Peter Riesz, J. Samuel Zigler Jr and D. Balasubramanian Masahide Terazima, Mizuho Tonooka Is singlet oxygen formation dominant in triplet quenching processes? and Tohru Azumi Measurement of the quantum yield of singlet oxygen formation by the time-resolved thermal lens method Hideki Hashimoto and Yasushi Koyama The S, and T, states of isomeric canthaxanthin as compared with those of B-carotene: effect of the terminal carbonyl groups detected by Raman spectroscopy Minjoong Yoon, Jae Rim Chang, Time-resolved spectroscopic studies on photophysical properties of Dongho Kim, Yasunao Kuriyama benoxaprofen in micellar solutions: an intramicellar fluorescence quenching and Katsumi Tokumaru Yau-Kwan Ho, Joseph R. Missert Activity and physicochemical properties of Photofrin® and Thomas J. Dougherty Bhupinder S. Hundle, Carotenoids of Erwinia herbicola and an Escherichia coli HB101 strain Peter Beyer, Hans Kleinig, carrying the Erwinia herbicola carotenoid gene cluster Gerhard Englert and John E. Hearst I. Lopez-Bazzocchi, J. B. Hudson Antiviral activity of the photoactive plant pigment hypericin and G. H. N. Towers Taras W. Masnyk and Formation of single and double strand breaks in DNA ultraviolet irradiated Kenneth W. Minton at high intensity M. O. Dereski, M. Chopp, Depth measurements and histopathological characterization of photodynamic J. H. Garcia and F. W. Hetzel therapy generated normal brain necrosis as a function of incident optical energy dose Zhan-Gong Zhao and Gordon Tollin Chlorophyll photosensitized electron transfer reactions in lipid bilayer ves- icles: vectorial electron transfer across the bilayer from reduced cytochrome c in the inner compartment to oxidized ferredoxin in the outer compartment A. Lamrabte, J. M. Janot, Photoinitiated vectorial transmembrane electron transfer in bilayers sensitized E. Bienvenue, M. Momenteau by a face to face triporphyrin acting as a molecular electronic device. and P. Seta Amplification due to ionic coupling M. Vacha, F. Adamec, M. Ambroz, Hole-burning spectroscopy of active and inactivated photosystem II particles V. Baumruk, J. Dian, L. Nedbal and J. Hala Contents Research Notes Malcolm Daniels On the evidence from high-intensity two-photon laser photolysis for energy transfer from high-lying quasi-Rydberg states of thymine to iso-energetic states of water Charlotte E. Remé, Urs F. Braschler, Light damage in the rat retina: effect of a radioprotective agent (WR-77913) Joan Roberts and James Dillon on acute rod outer segment disk disruptions Donat-P. Hider and Shi-Mei Liu Biochemical isolation and spectroscopic characterization of possible photo- receptor pigments for phototaxis in a freshwater Peridinium F. Grasso, F. Musumeci, A. Triglia, Self-irradiation effect on yeast cells M. Yanbastiev and S. Borisova Technical Note Harry A. Frank, Mila L. Aldema, Low temperature polarized absorption microspectroscopy of single crystals of Carol A. Violette and Pierre H. Parot the reaction center from Rhodobacter sphaeroides wild type strain 2.4.1 VOLUME 54 NUMBER 2 AUGUST 1991 PHOTOCHEMISTRY SECTION Article Yoshio Nosaka and Akira Kira Quenching of fluorescence of aromatic hydrocarbons by protons in caffeine- solubilized aqueous solution. Intracomplex energy transfer PHOTOBIOLOGY SECTION Rapid Communication E. Ben-Hur, T. M. A. R. Dubbelman 163 Pthalocyanine-induced photodynamic changes of cytoplasmic free calcium in and J. Van Steveninck Chinese hamster cells Articles Robert D. Hall, Garry R. Buettner The biphotonic photoionization of chlorpromazine during conventional flash and Colin F. Chignell photolysis: spin trapping results with 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide Stephen W. Bayles, Suzy Beckham, Demonstration that phosphorescent 6-bromo-2-naphthy] sulfate can be used Paige R. Leidig, Anne Montrem, to probe heme accessibility in heme proteins Mervin L. Taylor, Tony M. Wright, Ying Wu and Merlyn D. Schuh Nancy L. Greenbaum and Comparative photoactivity of tin and zinc porphyrin inhibitors of heme Attallah Kappas oxygenase: pronounced photolability of the zinc compounds David Kessel, Alan Morgan Sites and efficacy of photodamage by tin etiopurpurin in vitro using different and G. M. Garbo delivery systems Jennifer G. Peak, Barbara Pilas, DNA breaks caused by monochromatic 365 nm ultraviolet-A radiation or Edward J. Dudek and hydrogen peroxide and their repair in human epithelioid and xeroderma Meyrick J. Peak pigmentosum cells Thierry Artuso, Jean Bernadou, Mechanism of DNA cleavage mediated by photoexcited non-steroidal anti- Bernard Meunier, Jacques Piette inflammatory drugs and Nicole Paillous Donald L. Bissett, Ranjit Chatterjee Chronic ultraviolet radiation-induced increase in skin iron and the photo- and Daniel P. Hannon protective effect of topically applied iron chelators Toshio Mori, Misa Nakane, Simultaneous establishment of monoclonal antibodies specific for either Tsuyoshi Hattori, Tsukasa Matsunaga, cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer or (6-4)photoproduct from the same mouse Makoto Ihara and Osamu Nikaido immunized with ultraviolet-irradiated DNA Lorraine H. Kligman and Biochemical changes in hairless mouse skin collagen after chronic exposure Michele Gebre to ultraviolet-A radiation E. Delettre, D. Brault, P. Bruneval, In vitro uptake of dicarboxylic porphyrins by human atheroma. Kinetic and C. Vever-Bizet, M. Dellinger, analytical studies O. Delgado, J. P. Camilleri, J. C. Gaux and P. Peronneau Contents Franco Docchio, Mike Boulton, Age-related changes in the fluorescence of melanin and lipofuscin granules of Rinaldo Cubeddu, the retinal pigment epithelium: a time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy Roberta Ramponi and study Pierrette Dayhaw Barker Paul E. Blatz, Jonathan H. Mohler oe observation of solvent interaction with selected retinal Schiff and Wasi Ahmed aSes Heidar-Ali Tajmir-Riahi, Far-infrared spectra of Langmuir—Blodgett films of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll Gongming Wang and b, pheophytin a and their adducts with water and dioxane Roger M. Leblanc G. Garab, J. Kieleczawa, Organization of pigment-protein complexes into macrodomains in the J. C. Sutherland, C. Bustamante thylakoid membranes of wild-type and chlorophyll b-less mutant of barley as and G. Hind revealed by circular dichroism L. Gottschalk, R. Fischer, Origin of the red shifted absorption in phycocyanin 632 from Mastigocladus F. Lottspeich and H. Scheer laminosus B. Devaraj, R. Q. Scott, Ultraweak light emission from rat liver nuclei P. Roschger and H. Inaba Matthias Ahrens, Peter Macheroux, Boronic acids as mechanistic probes for the bacterial luciferase reaction Anatol Eberhard, Sandro Ghisla, Bruce P. Branchaud and J. Woodland Hastings Research Notes G. Ge and S. Georghiou Excited-state properties of the alternating polynucleotide poly(dA-dT): poly(dA-dT) Gurmit Singh, Brian C. Wilson, Resistance to photodynamic therapy in radiation induced fibrosarcoma-1! and Sheila M. Sharkey, Chinese hamster ovary-multi-drug resistant cells in vitro George P. Browman and Paula Deschamps Technical Note David L. Farrens and Pill-Soon Song Subnanosecond single photon timing measurements using a pulsed diode-laser Review Article Luis M. Corrochano and Photomorphogenesis in Phycomyces and in other fungi Enrique Cerdé-Olmedo VOLUME 54 NUMBER 3 SEPTEMBER 1991 PHOTOCHEMISTRY SECTION Article Elisa Leyva, David H. S. Chang, 329 The photochemistry of iodo, methyl and thiomethyl substituted aryl azides in Matthew S. Platz, David S. Watt, toluene solution and frozen polycrystals Peter J. Crocker and Kenji Kawada PHOTOBIOLOGY SECTION Articles Panos Iakovides, Daniel J. Simpson 335 Regioselective photoreduction of zinc(II) porphyrins to give chlorins and Kevin M. Smith P. Bilski, A. S. W. Li 345 The photo-oxidation of N,N-diethylhydroxylamine by Rose Bengal in and C. F. Chignell acetonitrile and water Per Ola Andersson, Tomas Gillbro, 353 Absorption spectral shifts of carotenoids related to medium polarizability Linda Ferguson and Richard J. Cogdell Su Lin and Walter S. Struve Time-resolved fluorescence of nitrobenzoxadiazole-aminohexanoic acid: effect of intermolecular hydrogen-bonding on non-radiative decay Marta E. Daraio, Carboxylated zinc-phthalocyanines—II. Dimerization and singlet molecular Pedro F. Aramendia, oxygen sensitization in hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide micelles Enrique A. San Roman and Silvia E. Braslavsky vi Contents A. Ya. Potapenko, M. A. Agamalieva, Photohemolysis sensitized by psoralen: reciprocity law is not fulfilled A. I. Nagiev, E. P. Lysenko, L. N. Bezdetnaya and V. L. Sukhorukov Marie A. Fischer and Modification of membrane composition, eicosanoid metabolism, and Homer S. Black immunoresponsiveness by dietary omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid sources, modulators of ultraviolet-carcinogenesis Kumi Matsumoto, Masayasu Sugiyama Non-dimer DNA damage in Chinese hamster V-79 cells exposed to ultra- and Ryohei Ogura violet-B light James E. Cleaver, Jin Jen, Cyclobutane dimers and (6—4)photoproducts in human cells are mended with Wayne C. Charles and the same patch sizes David L. Mitchell Tsukasa Matsunaga, Kotaro Hieda Wavelength dependent formation of thymine dimers and (6-4)photoproducts and Osamu Nikaido in DNA by monochromatic ultraviolet light ranging from 150 to 365nm D. Bachelet, P. W. Barnes, Latitudinal and seasonal variation in calculated ultraviolet-B irradiance for D. Brown and M. Brown rice-growing regions of Asia Donat-P. Hider and Maria A. Hider Effects of solar radiation on motility in Stentor coeruleus M. Blumthaler and W. Ambach Spectral measurements of global and diffuse solar ultraviolet-B radiant exposure and ozone variations Yasushi Koyama, Keishi Kubo, Effect of protonation on the isomerization properties of n-butylamine Schiff Mika Komori, Haruo Yasuda base of isomeric retinal as revealed by direct HPLC analyses: selection of and Yumiko Mukai isomerization pathways by retinal proteins Alfons Planner and Room temperature time-resolved in ps range delayed luminescence of Danuta Frackowiak chlorophyll a and chlorophyll-lutein mixture solutions A. C. Withers, D. Vince-Prue Identity of the photoreceptors for the perception of irradiance in photo- and B. Thomas synthetic light acclimation in tomato Leonard Allgood, Robert D. Curtright Solubilization of photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes and John Markwell Nathalie Miller and Robert Carpentier Energy dissipation and photoprotection mechanisms during chlorophyll photobleaching in thylakoid membranes Ben-Fang Lei and James E. Becvar A new reducing agent of flavins and its application to the assay of bacterial luciferase Research Notes G. Ge and S. Georghiou Room-temperature fluorescence properties of the polynucleotide polydA : polydT David Kessel Artifacts in fluorescence emission spectroscopy related to Wood’s anomaly S. Deshpande, G. Hofstra, Light scattering spectrophotometry from isolated control and triazole-treated R. A. Fletcher and chloroplasts E. W. Abrahamson>k C. D. Lytle, A. P. Budacz, E. Keville, Differential inactivation of surrogate viruses with merocyanine 540 S. A. Miller and K. N. Prodouz Kazuichi Yoshida, Atsushi Takimoto The shape of fiuence-response curves for the light-induced transcript and Yukiko Sasaki accumulation in pea seedlings VOLUME 54 NUMBER 4 OCTOBER 1991 PHOTOCHEMISTRY SECTION Articles Guillermo Orellana, 499 Photoinduced electron transfer quenching of excited Ru(II) polypyridyls Andree Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, bound to DNA: the role of the nucleic acid double helix Jacqueline K. Barton and Nicholas J. Turro Contents All of the following papers in the Photochemistry Section are dedicated to Professor Nicholas J. Turro to mark the 1990 IAPS Research Award in Photochemistry Salom Silva, Andreas F. Olea S11 Photochemistry of 1-pyrenyldiazomethane and J. K. Thomas Maeng Sup Kim, Ki Taek Lee, 517 Photochemical trans cis isomerization of 6-styrylquinoxaline Bong Mo Jeong, Bok Hee Lee and Sang Chul Shim Anny Slama-Schwok, David Avnir Photochemical reactivity of molecules trapped in sol-gel glasses and Michael Ottolenghi Anna D. Gudmundsdottir and Asymmetric induction in the solid state photochemistry of ammonium salts John R. Scheffer D. Oelkrug, M. Gregor and S. Reich Translational mobility in the adsorbed state. Bimolecular deactivation kinetics of laser-excited azaaromatics on microporous silica Robert W. Redmond Enhancement of the sensitivity of radiative and non-radiative detection techniques in the study of photosensitization by water soluble sensitizers using a reverse micelle system Wanda G. Richard, Carlos A. Chesta Monoalkyl «-oxoamides: photochemistry in homogeneous and in micro- and David G. Whitten heterogeneous media Patricia M. Vilalta, The influence of smectic phases of perfluorodecyl decane on the photo- George S. Hammond and reactions of perfluoroheptyl octyl ketone. An example of microscopic disorder Richard G. Weiss in highly ordered layered phases Kevin E. O’Shea, James R. Combes, Photolysis of dibenzylketones in supercritical ethane and carbon dioxide Marye Anne Fox and Keith P. Johnston Sandra Monti, Nadia Camaioni Photochemistry in a cyclodextrin cavity. Primary processes in the photo- and Pietro Bortolus reduction of 3- and 4-benzoylpyridine studied by laser flash-photolysis Bernhard Kraeutler and Photooxygenolysis of vitamin B,, and related corrins: cobalt(III)corrins as Rene Stepanek substrates and quenchers for singlet oxygen ('A,) Shingo Minato, Tetsuo Osa, Intramolecular excimer formation and molecular recognition of modified Masahiko Morita, Asao Nakamura, cyclodextrins appended by two naphthalene rings Hiroshi Ikeda, Fujio Toda and Akihiko Ueno F. Wilkinson, P. A. Leicester, Photochemistry on surfaces: triplet-triplet energy transfer on microcrystalline L. F. V. Ferreira and cellulose studied by diffuse reflectance transient absorption and emission V. M. M. R. Freire spectroscopy H. Holden Thorp and Harry B. Gray Photophysics of dioxorhenium(V) in Nafion M. H. Gehlen, M. Van der Auweraer Kinetics of luminescence quenching in micellar assemblies including exchange and F. C. De Schryver of probe and quencher M. El Bouamri, J. P. Gorrichon, The reactivity of citronellol and «-thujene with singlet oxygen. Rate constants A. M. Braun and E. Oliveros of chemical reaction and physical quenching Robert S. H. Liu, Corey W. Liu, Butyl conformational reorganization as a possible explanation for the longi- Xiao-Yuan Li and Alfred E. Asato tudinal flexibility of the binding site of bacteriorhodopsin. The azulene and C-22 retinoid analogs PHOTOBIOLOGY SECTION Articles Elena Reddi, Giuliana Valduga, 633 Studies on the mechanism of the hematoporphyrin-sensitized photooxidation Michael A. J. Rodgers and of 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran in ethanol and unilamellar liposomes Giulio Jori Mark E. Churchill, Jennifer G. Peak Repair of near-visible- and blue-light-induced DNA single-strand breaks by and Meyrick J. Peak the CHO cell lines AA8 and EM9 Bernhard Ortel, Daniel J. Maytum Long persistence of monofunctional 8-methoxypsoralen-DNA adducts in and Richard W. Gange human skin in vivo Viii Contents K. J. M. Vally and R. Sharma Interaction between chloroplast biogenesis and photoregulation of amylases in Pennisetum americanum leaves VOLUME 54 NUMBER 5 NOVEMBER 1991 Guest Editorial Christopher S. Foote Definition of Type I and Type II photosensitized oxidation Articles G. Vermeersch, J. C. Ronfard-Haret, Type I and Type II photosensitization by the antibacterial drug nalidixic acid. M. Bazin, V. Carillet, P. Morliere A laser flash photolysis study and R. Santus Frederick T. Greenaway, Hydrated electron formation on laser excitation of P-pyridoxyl amino acids Robert W. Redmond and and proteins John W. Ledbetter G. Grabner, N. Getoff, Ts. Gantchev, Hydrated electron formation in nanosecond and picosecond laser flash D. Angelov and M. Shopova photolysis of hematoporphyrin in aqueous solution T. Takemura, N. Ohta, S. Nakajima The mechanism of photosensitization in photodynamic therapy: phos- and I. Sakata phorescence behavior of porphyrin derivatives in saline solution containing human serum albumin E. Morichetti, C. Ceragioli, E. Cundari, Metabolism of 5-methoxypsoralen by Saccharomyces cerevisiae R. Del Carratore, R. Fiorio, G. Bronzetti and D. Averbeck Nobuyuki Mizuno, Kenji Esaki, Structural elucidation of the 8-methoxypsoralen oxidized product that inhibits Jinsaku Sakakibara, the chemotactic activity of polymorphonuclear neutrophils toward anaphyla- Nobutoshi Murakami and toxin CSa Shinichi Nagai E. Ben-Hur, T. M. A. R. Dubbelman The effect of fluoride on binding and photodynamic action of phthalocyanines and J. Van Steveninck with proteins B. A. Allison, E. Waterfield, The effects of plasma lipoproteins on in vitro tumor cell killing and in vivo A. M. Richter and J. G. Levy tumor photosensitization with benzoporphyrin derivative David K. Gaffney, Jim B. Feix, Cholesterol content but not plasma membrane fluidity influences the suscep- Hans P. Schwarz, Mark F. Struve tibility of L1210 leukemia cells to merocyanine 540-sensitized irradiation and Fritz Sieber K. W. Woodburn, N. J. Vardaxis, Subcellular localization of porphyrins using confocal laser scanning J. S. Hill, A. H. Kaye and microscopy D. R. Phillips R. Scurlock, M. Rougée, Deactivation of singlet molecular oxygen by organo-selenium compounds R. V. Bensasson, M. Evers exhibiting glutathione peroxidase activity and by sulfur-containing homologs and N. Dereu Kazuhisa Maeda, Masako Naganuma Effects of chronic exposure ultraviolet-A including 2% ultraviolet-B on free and Minoru Fukuda radical reduction systems in hairless mice David L. Mitchell, Jin Jen and Relative induction of cyclobutane dimers and cytosine photohydrates in DNA James E. Cleaver irradiated in vitro and in vivo with ultraviolet-C and ultraviolet-B light Elzbieta W. Kaleta, Lee A. Applegate Photoreactivation of ultraviolet radiation-induced release of arachidonic acid and Ronald D. Ley from marsupial cells Jeannie Tsimis Kibitel, Vivian Yee Enhancement of ultraviolet-DNA repair in denV gene transfectants and T4 and Daniel B. Yarosh endonuclease V-liposome recipients Nobuo Munakata, Mikio Saito Inactivation action spectra of Bacillus subtilis spores in extended ultraviolet and Kotaro Hieda wavelengths (50-300 nm) obtained with synchrotron radiation M. Aubailly, R. Santus and S. Salmon Ferrous ion release from ferritin by ultraviolet-A radiations H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, F. R. de Gruijl, Evaluation of skin cancer risk resulting from long term occupational exposure G. Kelfkens and J. C. van der Leun to radiation from ultraviolet lasers in the range from 190 to 400 nm Contents ix J. E. Frederick, E. C. Weatherhead Long-term variations in ultraviolet sunlight reaching the biosphere: calcu- and E. K. Haywood lations for the past three decades Ann R. Webb Solar ultraviolet radiation in southeast England: the case for spectral measurements Q. Jiang, M. Chopp and F. W. Hetzel In vivo *'P NMR study of combined hyperthermia and photodynamic therapies of mammary carcinoma in the mouse Dong Ping He, James A. Hampton, Photodynamic therapy: effect on the endothelial cell of the rat aorta Rick Keck and Steven H. Selman Nick R. Baumgartner and Paul E. Blatz Wavelength dependency of the rate of iodine catalyzed photoisomerization of retinol and retinal Wolfgang Haupt Phytochrome-controlled fern-spore germination: phase-specific modulation by elevated temperatures C. L. Ballare, J. J. Casal and Responses of light-grown wild-type and long-hypocotyl mutant cucumber R. E. Kendrick seedlings to natural and simulated shade light Zhan-Gong Zhao and Gordon Tollin Chlorophyll photosensitized electron transfer reactions in lipid vesicles: enhancement in yield of vectorial electron transfer across the bilayer from reduced cytochrome c to oxidized ferredoxin by addition of valinomycin plus potassium ion Jin Jung and Yong Wook Kim Involvement of thylakoid membrane dependent photosensitization in photo- inhibition of the calvin cycle activity in spinach chloroplasts Mathias O. Senge and Kevin M. Smith Structure and conformation of photosynthetic pigments and related com- pounds. 2. Nickel(II) methyl pyropheophorbide a—A severely distorted chlorophyll derivative Research Notes David N. Nikogosyan, Effects of ultraviolet laser radiation on Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis Sergei P. Kapituletz and virus Yuri A. Smirnov J. M. O’Brien, R. J. Singh, J. B. Feix, Action spectra on the antileukemic and antiviral activities of merocyanine 540 B. Kalyanaraman and F. Sieber Technical Note Joan E. Roberts, Stephen J. Atherton Detection of porphyrin excited states in the intact bovine lens and James Dillon Photobiology School Thomas P. Coohill Action spectra again? Book Review VOLUME 54 NUMBER 6 DECEMBER 1991 RETINAL PROTEINS G. Biildt, K. Konno, K. Nakanishi, 873 Heavy-atom labelled retinal analogues located in bacteriorhodopsin by x-ray H.-J. Pléhn, B. N. Rao and diffraction N. A. Dencher Norbert A. Dencher, Joachim Heberle, Proton translocation and conformational changes during the bacterio- Carola Bark, Michel H. J. Koch, rhodopsin photocycle: time-resolved studies with membrane-bound ‘optical Gert Rapp, Dieter Oesterhelt, probes and x-ray diffraction Klaus Bartels and Georg Biildt A. Yu. Sharonov, N. V. Tkachenko, Time-resolved ultraviolet absorption changes in the photocycle of bacterio- V. V. Savransky and A. K. Dioumaev rhodopsin John F. Nagle Photocycle kinetics: analysis of Raman data from bacteriorhodopsin X Contents Wei-Ge Chen and Mark S. Braiman Kinetic analysis of time-resolved infrared difference spectra of the L and M intermediates of bacteriorhodopsin Akio Maeda, Jun Sasaki, Fourier transform infrared spectral studies on the Schiff base mode of all-trans Jean-Marc Pfefferlé, bacteriorhodopsin and its photointermediates, K and L Yoshinori Shichida and Téru Yoshizawa Jozsef Czégé and Lou Reinisch The pH dependence of transient changes in the curvature of the purple membrane Robert Renthal and Ruben Regalado Cooperativity of the dehydration blue-shift of bacteriorhodopsin M. Nonella, A. Windemuth Structure of bacteriorhodopsin and in situ isomerization of retinal: a and K. Schulten molecular dynamics study S. P. Balashov, N. V. Karneyeva, Bathoproducts and conformers of all-trans- and 13-cis-bacteriorhodopsin at F. F. Litvin and T. G. Ebrey 90K S. P. Balashov, E. S. Imasheva, Quantum yield ratio of the forward and back light reactions of bacterio- R. Govindjee and T. G. Ebrey rhodopsin at low temperature and photosteady-state concentration of the bathoproduct K J. W. Lewis and D. S. Kliger Rotational diffusion effects on absorbance measurements: limitations to the magic-angle approach G. Steinberg, N. Friedman, Isomer composition and spectra of the dark and light adapted forms of M. Sheves and M. Ottolenghi artificial bacteriorhodopsins C. J. Beischel, V. Mani, Ring oxidized retinals form unusual bacteriorhodopsin analogue pigments R. Govindjee, T. G. Ebrey, D. R. Knapp and R. K. Crouch Nicholas J. Gibson and Membrane lipid influences on the energetics of the metarhodopsin I and Michael F. Brown metarhodopsin II conformational states of rhodopsin probed by flash photolysis Akio Kishigami, Noriko Sekiya, Spectroscopic studies on the structures of retinochrome and metaretino- Kazuo Yoshihara, Reiko Hara, chrome Tomiyuki Hara and Fumio Tokunaga H. Deng, D. Manor, G. Weng, A resonance Raman study of octopus bathorhodopsin with deuterium labeled P. Rath, Y. Koutalos, T. Ebrey, retinal chromophores R. Gebhard, J. Lugtenburg, M. Tsuda and R. H. Callender Volker Hildebrandt, Frank Polakowski Purple fission yeast: overexpression and processing of the pigment bacterio- and Georg Biildt rhodopsin in Schizosaccharomyces pombe Fadila Derguini, Paul Mazur, All-trans-retinal is the chromophore bound to the photoreceptor of the alga Koji Nakanishi, Dorine M. Starace, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Jureepan Saranak and Kenneth W. Foster Bing Yan and John L. 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