Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena: Proceedings of the 5th International Topical Meeting, Heidelberg, Fed. Rep. of Germany, July 27–30, 1987

588 Pages·1988·18.686 MB·English

by  R. M. Miller (auth.), Professor Dr. Peter Hess, Professor Dr. Josef Pelzl (eds.)

Springer Series in Optical Sciences Volume 58
Edited by Arthur L. Schawlow
Springer Series in Optical Sciences
Editorial Board: D.L. MacAdam A.L. Schawlow K. Shimoda A. E. Siegman T. Tamir
42 Principles of Phase Conjugation 50 Laser-Induced Dynamic Gratings
By B. Ya. Zel'dovich, N.F. Pilipetsky, By H. J. Eichler, P. Gunter, and D. W. Pohl
and V. V. Shkunov
51 Thnable Solid State Lasers for Remote Sensing
43 X-Ray Microscopy Editors: R.L. Byer, E.K. Gustafson,
Editors: G. Schmahl and D. Rudolph and R. Trebino
44 Introduction to Laser Physics 52 Thnable Solid-State Lasers D
By K. Shimoda 2nd Edition Editors: A.B. Budgor, L. Esterowitz,
45 Scanning Electron Microscopy and L. G. DeShazer
Physics of Image Formation and Microanalysis 53 The C01 Laser By W.J. Witteman
ByL. Reimer
54 Lasers, Spectroscopy and New Ideas
46 Holography and Deformation Analysis
A Tribute to Arthur L. Schawlow
By W. Schumann, J.-P. Zurcher, and D. Cuche
Editors: W.M. Yen and M.D. Levenson
47 Thnable Solid State Lasers
55 Laser Spectroscopy VDI
Editors: P. Hammerling, A.B. Budgor,
Editors: W. Persson and S. Svanberg
and A. Pinto
48 Integrated Optics 56 Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy
Editors: H. P. Nolting and R. Ulrich By S. Svanberg
49 Laser Spectroscopy Vll 57 Single-Mode Fibers I - Fundamentals
Editors: T. W. Hiinsch andY. R. Shen By E.-G. Neumann
Volumes 1-41 are listed on the back inside cover
P. Hess J. Pelzl (Eds.)
Photoacoustic and
Photothermal Phenomena
Proceedings of the 5th International
Topical Meeting,
Heidelberg, Fed. Rep. of Germany,
July 27-30, 1987
With 419 Figures
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH
Professor Dr. Peter Hess
Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg,
Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-6900 Heidelberg, Fed. Rep. of Germany
Professor Dr. Josef Pelzl
Ruhr University, Institute of Experimental Physics,
Universitătsstr. 150, D-4630 Bochum, Fed. Rep. of Germany
Editorial Board Professor Kmcm SHIMODA
Faculty of Science and Technology
Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku
Yokohama 223, Japan
Professor ANTHoNY E. SIEGMAN
DAVID L. MAcAoAM, Ph. D.
Electrical Engineering
68 Hammond Street E. L. Gintzton Laboratory, Stanford University
Rochester, NY 14615, USA Stanford, CA 94305, USA
THEODORlANuR,Ph.D.
ARTHUR L. SCHAWLOW, Ph. D.
Polytechnic University
Department of Physics, Stanford University 333 Jay Street
Stanford, CA 94305, USA Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
ISBN 978-3-662-13705-5 ISBN 978-3-540-48181-2 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-540-48181-2
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Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York in 1988
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Preface
This volume comprises the proceedings of the Fifth International Topical
Meeting on Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena, which was held
at the University of Heidelberg (FRG), July 27-30, 1987. The proceedings
contain twelve invited talks, six progress reports and a large number of
selected contributed papers providing latest results on the fundamental
investigation of photothermal and photoacoustic processes and on their
applications in physics, chemistry, biology, medicine and materials science.
The conference was truly international with 230 scientists represent
ing the following countries: Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada,
People's Republic of China, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, England, Finland,
France, Federal Republic of Germany, Hungary, India, Ireland, Israel,
Italy, Japan, Yugoslavia, Republic of Korea, The Netherlands, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Scotland, Spain, Switzerland, Tunisia, the United
States, and the USSR.
Spectroscopy traditionally plays an important role in this area, and
therefore the first part of the proceedings is devoted to this subject. This
is followed by papers on dynamical processes, which are collected in the
second part. High sensitivity makes photoacoustic methods suitable for
trace analysis; measurements on gases and on condensed matter are re
ported in Part III. A considerable number of contributions are concerned
with surfaces or thin films and ablation, adsorption and desorption pro
cesses (Part IV). Accounts of investigations of optical and electronic prop
erties in semiconductors can be found in Part V. Ultrasonic detection of
the thermal response offers good time and spatial resolution and is in
creasingly applied in microscopy (Part VI). Various procedures have been
used to investigate heat and mass diffusion in different materials (Part
VII). One of the most important areas of application of thermal waves
is the nondestructive evaluation of subsurface thermal, optical and mag
netic properties. A large variety of applications are reported in Part VIII.
Contributions to Part IX deal with new trends in experimental techniques.
The last part of this volume is devoted to applications of the photothermal
and photoacoustic techniques in medicine and biology (Part X).
These proceedings make reports of the current activities in this field
available to a wider audience. The review articles may be very useful for
v
newcomers, and the contributed papers provide a timely survey on the
large variety of activities in the field and the numerous applications of
photothermal and photoacoustic techniques.
The conference could not have been held without the dedicated help of
many people. The gratitude of the conference committee of the Fifth Inter
national Topical Meeting on Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena
(S.E. Braslavsky, G. Busse, P. Hess, P. Korpiun, J. Pelzl, M.W. Sigrist,
R. Tilgner, and F. Trager), therefore, goes to many individuals and orga
nizations. We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), the Ministry of Science and Arts of the
state Baden-Wiirttemberg, and the University of Heidelberg. Without
their help the conference and the proceedings would not have been pos
sible. We are particularly grateful to Barbel Hess for her tireless efforts
during all phases of the conference organization.
The editors of this volume are indebted to all members of the confer
ence committee, the international advisory board, the invited speakers and
session chairmen, who diligently reviewed papers, thereby contributing to
the high scientific level of these proceedings. We thank Springer-Verlag for
rapid publication of this volume. Especially, we would like to express our
sincere appreciation to Deborah Hollis for her assistance in the preparation
of these proceedings.
November 1987 Peter Hess
Heidelberg, Bochum Josef Pelzl
VI
Contents
Part I Spectroscopy
Thermal Wave Spectroscopies- Where Do They Win?
By R.M. Miller (With 5 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Fourier Transform Photoacoustic Spectroscopy of Solids
By B.S.H. Royce and J. Alexander (With 8 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . 9
Photoacoustic X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy
By T. Masujima (With 9 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Thin Films with a Pyroelectric
Thermal Wave Detector
By H. Coufal, J. Stohr, and K. Baberschke (With 4 Figures) . . . . 25
Vacuum Ultraviolet Photoacoustic Spectroscopy of Organic Solids
Using Synchrotron Radiation as a Light Source
By T. Inagaki, Y. Furusawa, K. Hieda, H. Maezawa, and T. Ito
(With 1 Figure) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Simultaneous Detection of Photoacoustic and Fluorescence Signals
by X-Ray Excitation. By Y. Sugitani, S. Aoki, K. Kato, and
Y. Kobayashi (With 2 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Study of the Photoacoustic Signal of Transparent Double-Layer
Polymer Films Using FTIR. By J. Philippaerts, E. Vanderheyden,
and E.F. Vansant (With 2 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Photopyroelectric Spectroscopy (P2ES) of Electronic Defect
Centers in Crystalline n-CdS
By A. Mandelis, W. Lo, and R.E. Wagner (With 4 Figures) 35
Characterization of n-CdS /Polysulfide Photoelectrochemical Cells
via Photothermal Deflection and Photoaction Spectroscopies
By R.E. Wagner and A. Mandelis (With 3 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . 41
Photoacoustic Detection of Light-Shifts in Molecules
By A. Di Lieto, P. Minguzzi, S. Profeti, and M. Tonelli
(With 3 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
VII
Spectroscopic Parameters of the DODCI Photoisomer from Laser
Induced Optoacoustic Spectroscopy
By G.M. Bilmes, J.O. Tocho, and S.E. Braslavsky . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Step-and-Integrate Interferometry in the Mid-Infrared with
Photothermal Beam Deflection and Sample-Gas-Microphone
Detection. By R.A. Palmer, M.J. Smith, C.J. Manning, J.L. Chao,
A.C. Boccara, and D. Fournier (With 1 Figure) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Photoacoustic UV Spectra of Some Environmental Chemicals with
Low Volatility Adsorbed on Si02 and Al203 Powders
By H. Scharping and C. Zetzsch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Photopyroelectric Spectroscopy of Water in the Near Infrared
By M. Chirtoc, D. Dadarlat, I. Chirtoc, and D.D. Bicanic
(With 2 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Chalcopyrite Semiconductors- A PAS Study
By S. Venkataraman and A.K. Bhatnagar (With 7 Figures) 57
Optical Properties of Cholesteric Liquid Crystals by
Photoacoustics. By A. Hadj-Sahraoui, G. Louis, P. Peretti, and
J. Billard (With 1 Figure) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
High Accuracy Measurements of Reflectivity of Laser Mirrors by a
Novel Photoacoustic Technique
By H.G. Walther, E. Welsch, and P. Sladky (With 2 Figures) 63
Part II Kinetics and Relaxation
Optoacoustic Measurement of Isotope Effects in the H2-Cl2
Reaction. By S.G. Wyers and G.J. Diebold (With 3 Figures) 66
Measurement of the Reaction Rate of BrNO+Br--.Br2 +NO by the
Thermal Lens Method
By K. Koseki, M. Koshi, and H. Matsui (With 6 Figures) . . . . . . 73
Determination of Dynamic Properties of the System N204 = 2N02
by Photoacoustic Resonance Spectroscopy
By M. Fiedler and P. Hess (With 4 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Study of Intracavity Absorption and Laser Behaviour by
Photoacoustic Resonance Spectroscopy
By A. Neubrand, J. Roper, and P. Hess (With 5 Figures) 84
Studies of Vibrational Relaxation of Silane and Its Fluorine
Derivatives by a Time Resolved Photoacoustic Technique
By M. Koshi, M. Yoshimura, K. Koseki, and H. Matsui
(With 3 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
VIII
A Time-Resolved Thermal-Lensing Investigation of
Photosensitization of Singlet Oxygen
By R.W. Redmond and S.E. Braslavsky (With 2 Figures) 95
The Thermal Lens Applied to Photoacoustics
By R. T. Bailey, F .R. Cruickshank, and D. Pugh (With 2 Figures) 99
Optical Detection of the Pulsed Photoacoustic Signal Combined
with Thermal Lens Measurement: A Powerful New Tool for
Radiationless Relaxation Studies
By S.J. Komorowski, S.J. Isak, and E.M. Eyring (With 3 Figures) 103
Time-Resolved Laser-Induced Optoacoustic Spectroscopy
By K. Heihoff and S.E. Braslavsky (With 2 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . 105
Photoacoustic Investigation of Energy Transfer in Adsorbed Layers
By U. Frank and H.D. Breuer (With 1 Figure) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Photothermal Investigation of In Vitro Photochemistry of
Psoralens
By R. Roben, W. Tuszynski, and E. Strauss (With 2 Figures) 110
Part III Trace Analysis
Atmospheric Trace Gas Monitoring by Laser Photoacoustic
Spectroscopy. By M.W. Sigrist (With 2 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
CO-Laser Photoacoustic System for IR Spectroscopy of Gases
and Vapors. By St. Bernegger, P.L. Meyer, C. Widmer, and
M.W. Sigrist (With 6 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
On-Line Monitoring of Air Pollutants with a Mobile Computer
Controlled C02 Laser Photoacoustic System
By P.L. Meyer, St. Bernegger, and M.W. Sigrist (With 1 Figure) 127
Trace Analysis of Freons by Optoacoustic C0 Laser Detection
2
By Z. Zelinger, P. Engst, Z. Papouskova, and M. Jakoubkova 131
Infrared Lasers for Optoacoustic Detection of Vapours
By S.A. Johnson, S.A. Bone, P.B. Davies, P.G. Cummins,
and E.J. Staples (With 4 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Photoacoustic Detection of Formaldehyde as a Minority
Component in Gas Mixtures
By M. Boutonnat, K.A. Keilbach, D.A. Gilmore, N. Oliphant,
P. Vujkovic Cvijin, and G.H. Atkinson (With 1 Figure) . . . . . . . . 137
Laser-Induced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy for the Speciation of
Actinides in Submicromol Concentrations
By R. Klenze, R. Stumpe, and J.I. Kim (With 4 Figures) . . . . . . 139
IX