phosphorus fertilizer requirement and use efficiency in rice based cropping systems on p

192 Pages·2016·7.63 MB·English

PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZER
REQUIREMENT AND USE EFFICIENCY
IN RICE BASED CROPPING SYSTEMS
ON P- ACCUMULATED SOIL

By
A. SRINIVAS
M.Sc. (Ag.)

THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE
ACHARYA N.G.RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN AGRICULTURE
(SOIL SCIENCE AND AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY)

CHAIRPERSON: Dr. P. Surendra Babu

DEPARTMENT OF SOIL SCIENCE AND AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD- 500 030
ACHARYA N.G.RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
2014
PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZER
REQUIREMENT AND USE EFFICIENCY
IN RICE BASED CROPPING SYSTEMS
ON P- ACCUMULATED SOIL

By
A. SRINIVAS
M.Sc. (Ag.)

THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE
PROFESSOR JAYASHANKAR TELANGANA STATE
AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN AGRICULTURE
(SOIL SCIENCE AND AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY)

CHAIRMAN: Dr. P. Surendra Babu

DEPARTMENT OF SOIL SCIENCE AND AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTUTRE
RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD- 500 030
PROFESSOR JAYASHANKAR TELANGANA STATE
AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
2014
DECLARATION

I, A.SRINIVAS hereby declare that the thesis entitled “PHOSPHORUS
FERTILIZER REQUIREMENT AND USE EFFICIENCY IN RICE BASED
CROPPING SYSTEM ON P ACCUMULATED SOILS” submitted to Professor
Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University for the degree of Doctor of
Philosophy in Agriculture is the result of the original research work done by me. I
also declare that no material contained in the thesis has been published earlier in any
manner.

Date: 22-10-2014
Place: Hyderabad ` (A. SRINIVAS)
I. D. No: RAD/07-29
CERTIFICATE

Mr. A. SRINIVAS has satisfactorily prosecuted the course of research and that
the thesis entitled “PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZER REQUIREMENT AND USE
EFFICIENCY IN RICE BASED CROPPING SYSTEMS ON P ACCUMULATED
SOIL” submitted is the result of original research work and is of sufficiently high
standard to warrant its presentation to examination. I also certify that the thesis or part
thereof has not been previously submitted by him for a degree of any University.

Date: 22-10-2014
Place: Hyderabad Chairman
(Dr. P. SURENDRA BABU)
CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the thesis entitled “PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZER
REQUIREMENT AND USE EFFICIENCY IN RICE BASED CROPPING
SYSTEMS ON P ACCUMULATED SOIL” submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN AGRICULTURE
of the Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University,
Hyderabad is a record of the bonafide research work carried out by Mr. A.
SRINIVAS under our guidance and supervision.
No part of the thesis has been submitted for any other degree or diploma or has
been published. The published part has been fully acknowledged. All the assistance and
help received during the course of investigation have been duly acknowledged by the
author of the thesis.
Thesis approved by the Student’s Advisory Committee
Chairman: (Dr. P. SURENDRA BABU)
Principal Scientist (SS) & Head ________________________
AICRP on Micronutrients
Agricultural Research Station
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad – 500030

Member: (Dr. A. MADHAVI)
Senior Scientist (SS) ________________________
Radio Tracer Laboratory
Agricultural Research Station
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad – 500030

Member: (Dr. G. E. Ch. VIDYASAGAR)
Principal Scientist (Agronomy) ________________________
Dept. of Agronomy
College of Agriculture,
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500030

Member: (Sri M.H.V. BHAVE)
Associate Professor ________________________
Dept. of Statistics and Mathematics
College of Agriculture,
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad – 500030

External examiner: (Dr. K.M.Manjaiah)
Principal Scientist _______________________
Division of Soil Science & Agril. Chemistry
IARI, New Delhi

Date of final viva –voice: 23-05-2015
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I express my deep gratitude to the chairman of Advisory Committee Dr. P.
SURENDRA BABU Principal Scientist and Head, AICRP on micronutrients,
Agricultural Research Station, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad for his valuable guidance
and technical advice and his unceasing interest in bringing out this manuscript, without
whom it was impossible to complete the research project.
With great pleasure I sincerely express my profound gratitude to the member of
my Advisory Committee Dr. A. MADHAVI, Senior Scientist, Radio Tracer Laboratory,
Agricultural Research Station, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad for her constant guidance
and encouragement.
I am extremely thankful to the other member of my Advisory Committee
Dr. G. E. Ch. VIDYASAGAR, Principal Scientist (Agronomy) Dept. of Agronomy
College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad for his valuable advices.
I sincerely thank Sri M.H.V. BHAVE Associate Professor, Dept. of Statistics and
Mathematics, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad for his advises and
constant support.
Words Swill never be sufficient to express my whole hearted sense of gratitude to
Dr. P. VENKATA REDDY, former Principal Scientist and Head, Radio Tracer
Laboratory, Agricultural Research Station, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad for his great
advices, encouragement and also providing each and every facility in the lab.
I am extremely thankful to Dr. A.SRINIVASA RAJU, former Professor and
University Head, Dept. of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry College of
Agriculture, Rajendranagar, for his encouragement during the course of my study.
I am extremely thankful to DR. P. CHANDRASEKAR RAO, Professor, DR.
K.JEEVAN RAO, Professor and Head DR. A. UMADEVI, Professor,
DR.A.PADMAJA, Professor, DR. V.SAILAJA, Assistant Professor, Dept. of Soil
Science and Agricultural Chemistry College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar for their
valuable suggestions and during my course work as well as research work.
I am extremely thankful to DR. M. CHANDNI PATNAIK, Principal Scientist,
AICRPMN, Sri M. SHANKAR, Scientist, AICRPMN, and DR. D.V.RAMANA
REDDY Principal Scientist, STCR, ARI, Rajendranagar who have provided me the lab
facility and moral support and constant encouragement throughout.
I am greatly indebted to DR. M. LAVAKUMAR REDDY, Principal Scientist and
Coordinator, Farmer’s call centre, for being a constant source of encouragement in this
task. I am also very much thankful to DR. G. R. MARUTHISHANKER, Former
Principal Scientist, CRIDA, Santhoshnagar, for his moral help he always extended.
Words are not enough to express my eternal devotion to my beloved parents,
late Sri, A .VEERAIAH, my father, Smt. A. NAGALAXMI my mother, who always
dreamed and encouraged me for my higher studies. I am also eternally grateful to my
wife Smt. A. UMAMAHESHWARI, and my daughter, A. VAISHNAVI, who always
stood by my side in sorrows and joys alike and was my strength during my Ph.D. work.
I also convey my sincere thanks to all my friends and well wishers for their
constant encouragement during my study days.
I owe my gratitude to KRISHNA, AEO, MUNAWAR, SUDHAKAR,
BHARATHI, MALLAIAH and other non teaching staff of Radio Tracer Laboratory,
AICRP on Micronutrients, Agricultural Research Station, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad
for their timely assistance and cooperation during my lab and field work.
I am grateful to Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University,
for giving me the opportunity to pursue my doctoral study and also for providing me
experiment field in college farm, Rajendranagar. I am also thankful to the entire staff of
college farm, Rajendranagar for timely cooperation during the field experiment period.
LIST OF CONTENTS

Chapter No. Title Page No.
I INTRODUCTION
II REVIEW OF LITERATURE
III MATERIALS AND METHODS
IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
V SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
VI LITERATURE CITED
VII ANNEXURES
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
Title
No No
3.1 Physico - chemical and chemical properties of selected nine soils
from three locations employed for laboratory experiments (P-
fraction, P-fixation and available P)
3.2 Initial soil physical, physico-chemical and chemical characteristics of
the experimental field
4.1 Physico -chemical properties of soils of Varni mandal, Nizamabad
district
4.2 Physico -chemical properties of soils of of Mangalagiri mandal,
Guntur
4.3 Physico - chemical properties of soils of Velugodu mandal of
Kurnool district
4.4 Distribution of P- fractions in soils of three locations
4.5 Effect of P levels on Olsen’s extractable P (kg P O ha-1) due to
2 5
different contact periods in soils of Varni mandal (Nizamabad)
4.6 Effect of P levels on per cent P derived from fertilizer (% Pdff) due
to different contact periods in soils of Varni mandal (Nizamabad)
4.7 Effect of P levels on per cent recovery of applied P due to different
contact periods in soils of Varni mandal (Nizamabad)
4.8 Effect of P levels on Olsen’s extractable P (kg P O ha-1) due to
2 5
different contact periods in soils of Mangalagiri mandal (Guntur)
4.9 Effect of P levels on per cent P derived from fertilizer (% Pdff) due
to different contact periods in soils of Mangalagiri mandal (Guntur)
4.10 Effect of P levels on recovery per cent of applied P due to different
contact periods in soils of Mangalagiri mandal (Guntur)
4.11 Effect of P levels on Olsen’s extractable P (kg ha-1) due to different
contact periods in soils of Velugodu mandal (Kurnool)
4.12 Effect of P levels on per cent P derived from fertilizer (% Pdff)
due to different contact periods in soils of Velugodu mandal
(Kurnool)
4.13 Effect of P levels on recovery per cent of applied P due to different
contact periods in soils of Velugodu mandal (Kurnool)
4.14 Direct effect of different levels of RDP application on kharif paddy
grain yield (kg ha-1) of rice –rice cropping system in high P soil
4.15 Direct effect of different levels of RDP application on kharif paddy
straw yield (kg ha-1) of rice –rice cropping system in high P soil
4.16 Direct effect of different levels of RDP application on P content (%)
in kharif paddy grain of rice – rice cropping system in high P soil
Table Page
Title
No No
4.17 Direct effect of different levels of RDP application on P uptake (kg
ha-1) of kharif paddy grain of rice – rice cropping system in high P
soil
4.18 Direct effect of different levels of RDP application on zinc content
(mg kg-1) in kharif paddy grain of rice – rice cropping system in high
P soil
4.19 Direct effect of different levels of RDP application on zinc uptake
(g ha-1) in kharif paddy grain of rice – rice cropping system in high P
soil
4.20 Direct effect of different levels of RDP application on P content (%)
in kharif paddy straw of rice – rice cropping system in high P soil
4.21 Direct effect of different levels of RDP application on P uptake (kg ha-1)
by kharif paddy straw of rice – rice cropping system in high P soil
4.22 Direct effect of different levels of RDP application on zinc content
(mg kg-1) in kharif paddy straw of rice – rice cropping system in high
P soil
4.23 Direct effect of different levels of RDP application on zinc uptake
(mg kg-1) by kharif paddy straw of rice – rice cropping system in
high P soil
4.24 Effect of different levels of P application on Pdff (%) by rice dry
matter at maximum tillering stage during kharif in high P soil
4.25 Effect of different levels of P application on fertilizer P uptake (kg
ha-1) by rice dry matter at maximum tillering stage during kharif in
high P soil
4.26 Effect of different levels of P application on percent P utilization at
maximum tillering stage during kharif in high P soil
4.27 Effect of different levels of P application on soil P uptake (kg ha-1)
by rice dry matter at maximum tillering stage in high P soil
4.28 Direct and residual effect of P application on rabi paddy grain yield
(kg ha-1) of rice-rice cropping system in high P soil (Pooled data)
4.29 Direct and residual effect of P application on rabi paddy straw yield
(kg ha-1) of rice-rice cropping system in high P soil
(Pooled data)
4.30 Direct and residual effect of P application on P content (%) in rabi
paddy grain of rice-rice cropping system in high P soil (Pooled data)
4.31 Direct and residual effect of P application on P uptake (kg ha-1) in
rabi paddy grain of rice-rice cropping system in high P soil (Pooled
data)
4.32 Direct and residual effect of P application on zinc content (mg kg-1)
in rabi paddy grain of rice-rice cropping system in high P soil
(Pooled data)