Philosophy Looks at Chess

245 Pages·2008·2.983 MB·English

by  Benjamin Hale (editor)

PhilosopLhoyo ksa tC hess
Philosophy
at
Looks Chess
Editebdy
BENJAMHIANL E
OPEN COURT
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Philosoplhoyo kast c hesIse ditebdy B enjamiHna le.
p.e m.
Includbeisb liograprheifcearle nacnedsi ndex.
Summary·:' cAo llectoifeo sns ayesx ploripnhgi losophical
themeast w orki nt heg ameo fc hessT.o picasd dressiendc lude
thei ntersecotfic ohne sasn dt echnolotghyed, i ffere(nocrle a ck
thereobf)e tweeAnr tifiIcnitaell ligaenndch eu mani ntelligence,
then aturoefg amesa,n dc ultuarsaple cotfsc hessst rategy"
-Providebdy p ublisher.
ISBN9 78-0-8126-9(6t3r3a-pd2ae p e:ra lkp.a per)
1.C hess-Philoso2p.h Gya.m esa ndt echnoloIg.Hy a.l e,
Benjami1n9,7 2-
GV1314.7.2P04058
794.1-dc22
2008024385
Contents
Introduction vii
1.T o Know theP asOtn e MustF irKsnto w theF uture:
RaymondS mullyaannd t heM ysterioefRs e trograde
Analysis
BERNDG RAEFRATH 1
2.A DeepB lueG rasshoppPelra:y iGnagm esw ithA rtificial
Intelligence
ANDY MIAH 13
3.P layiCnhge sisn t heC hinesReo om
TAMA COUTTS 25
4.G arrKya sparoIvsa Cyborgo,rW hatC hessBaTseea ches
Us abouTte chnology
JOHN HARTMANN 39
5.C hess-PlaCyoimnpgu tearnsd E mbodieGdr andmasters:
InW hatW aysD oest heD iffereMnactet er?
EVANS ELINGER 65
6.T heD ifficWualytso fG od andC a!ssCah:e ssT,h eodicy,
andD eterminiisnGm a damer
BILLM ARTIN 89
7.W ho PlayGsa mesi nP hilosophy?
AHTI-VEIKPKIOE TARINEN 119
8. Hip-HoTpa ctiAc sC:u lturalogic Exopfrt ehseAs firoinc an
AesthetRiocl'eis n D etermintihnegB asiosf C reativoint y
theS ixty-FSoquura reosfW arfare
TOMMY].C URRY 137
v
Contents
vi
9.Q uietP,l easTeh!e rea' Gsa me HerDei:s courasned
Silenicnet heF ormaPlr agmatoifca s C hesMsa tch
BENJAMIN HALE 157
10C.a suisatnrdyC hessS:o meM ethodologLiecsaslo ns
forE thics
PETERM ORRISS 171
11.Ch esIss N ota Game
DEBORAHP .V OSSEN 191
12.Th eR evilAertd
STUART RACHELS 209
Contributors 227
Index 231
Inrtoduction
A greamta nyp apse irnp hiloys boepghiwni tah proebml.
"Iamgi,nt"eh ebye seec,h" thtahte irsaet orlloerya ,v iolionrai st,
teletrtaenorsr,ap p olreatnj uslitk oeu ro wni ne versya liweanyt
buotn e.""S uppos,e"th eiym oprutn,e" theavtye trhienlgsb ee ing
equ,as lomvee rmyi nosro methiisdn igf fne.tr"Ceo nsider the fol­
lowiYnogu:h avpei ckuepda bootki tPlheidl pohsyLo ooakts
CheYsosu.a riena s to,or rea l biraroyra, c offseheo. Tp hes helves
arfese toonweidto ht hienrt riinvggou lumCehse:Ss tsr atCehgye,s s
OpengisnC,h efsorsD opeosr;, ono thtehseri doeft her oom,
LeviatZhaarant,h uThsetR rpeaub,l iThce,M edittiaoYnosu.m ust
deci:Wd heaitst his?
When yfoiurr setat dh e otfit thlibeso ookn c heassn dp hi­
losopyhoyuc, e rtacionnlcyl tuhdaett h eb oorke lattose osm e
deep prionbc lhseesmY. o um ayb et hinktihnatgth imsu sbte a
boookn K aspva'rcsoh alglete onD eeBpl uoer o n trheel ation­
shibpe twecehne asnsd t hmee anionftg h leei ,fo r sotnr ayt,e g
broadcloyn ceediB.vu tt hibsoo k-thbeo oyko uh avien y our
hansd-inso thionfg tshoe.rI ttcso tnenctosu lnde vebres o
neatclapyt urbeyda singqluee stoirop nr obml,ae ndi ttsi tle
counledv ebres oe aislcyo mprehebnydr eeefdr entcoae s ingle
cheesvse ontra na pprotaocs ht rayt.Se ugcihn herceonnutfs ion
ovetrh ceo nteonftt hsbi so omka ye xplawihnyI g eneraavloliyd
talkaibnogut th ec hessa yesIvs 'esc olleacttt ehdep hiloys oph
cocktpaatirilea snd b lcak-tsioei rteheapste ppmeyrb ussyo cial
schueldeP.h ilosoqpuheisctasiluor rnosu ndcihnegas rste h ought
bys omteo b et opoe desttroci raonwo du tth oet herwpirsees s­
ingp hilosodpehbiactoaenlfs ou -rdinmseionaalnicashrm-o,s yn­
dicalainsddm e,is rsea taicstfisomnN.ie vehretl,et shsceo ntoefn t
thicso llieonc teosfyss an evefiarl tsos paard ki sscsuion.
Cotnributtoti hovinossl usmpea anw ide ratnogpeir lceoasft ed
toc he,sa sndd ivefrrgoemm o spth iloys vooplhumients h atth e
approacehaecsah u otfha orgreu idbeynd o s tanddm aerthodo.l ogy
vii
Introduction
viii
Somea uthowrrsi wthei msicwahlilloyet, h ewrrsi wtiet ghr avity;
somsep eawki tahu thowrhiitloyet, h esrpse awki tthh seh eepish
humiitloyfa s e-llfoatwhoiondgp usThheivrso. l uimnec luedsseasy s
frosmo -caalnllaeydtp ihlcio shoep,re snamoraestd h eayr e with
coons1,0 nlog,i acndc omptamretnaliz,a atnidos no-called
Continpehnoitslaolp sh,de rrivaestn h eayr e abfl ya ifrotr h lei ­ter
arayn dt hder aamt.iI citn cluedsyesssaf roame sthetaincdi afnrso m
philosso opfhs eprorftr,o ms tudtesan ndp reosfsso,fr rom
Grandmaasntgder rasnp da-tszF.eo rtrh riaess o,tn hviosl u,mt eom y
mind, fuinnct thiteor nussep iitr ofp hbiosltoohpy h andc he.s s
Theriesn oc leaaprpo racthh,e irsne o d istindcotcit.vrI eisn nteead
thviosl uomfef earg sa llirmyoa fwu rfitianngdms u sintghsar te late
playftuotl hlgeya moef c he,sw sritbtyep ne opwlheo p lacyh e,s s
whol ikceh e,sw shol ovceh e,s sawnhdo a raed dicttoce hde .s s
I hasveelt eecmdo sets yssaf otrh eriera diatbayin ldb rea.d th
Somdee awli tehx trdaionradriififlcyut lotp iicnps r eosfsiopnhail­
losopwhhyi,ol teh esripsml syc ratthcsehu a rcfoen s upfecirimaalt ­
te.rI snt hissh toi rntrcotdi,uo wnIo ulldi kteog ivyeo ua brief
overvoifee awc rhe adainndog f fwehre,er cIa ns,o mjesu tiicfation
fomry o rdertihncego nteinntt hswe a yt haIht a v.Ae tt heen do f
thdea yt,h ceo lleicsit nitoenn pdleaudyl flsyot, h owsheo s eetko
makteo mou cshe nosfet hoer derwiinlgl tfhienmds ealtavl eos.s s
Firtshte, olfta hyle a nwde:b egtihnve o lubmyea skianbgo ut
whaitti st o" nudernsdt"ca hesfsr;o" mnu dernsdtianogr"" nk ow­
ingw"em ovien t"ob egi,in"n tqou estaiboonwusht a cth ess is, and
whether iscah nae psmtse tapfhoolrrei ;ff ro"meb inwge"r ound
our toausbtky m ovitnog" dogi.nT"h iissa natuprraoleg srsion,
echoiinngt uiftriooamnn sc tip ehnilosso.Op uhrse arftahrrio ugh
philoys aonpdch hetsask uessf rotmh meo menattw hicwhe s ee
tot hpeo itan tw hicwhe d o.
BernGdr areaftah p,r eosfsaotrt heU niveyr osfDi utisgb­ur
Ess,eo nffetrhsfe i rcshptat eGrr.a reaftphr oviadnei sl liunmating
discusosfai t oyenpo fc hepsrso blfeomr ptuhzeez- ldripvleany er:
a" ertrogarnaadle.y W"sh iesrmeo sttr adictihoepnsrasol b lpermes­
senat p layweirt ah for-wlaorodkbionagra dr rangeamnedn t
requtihrateth p el aydeert ermtihcneoe r roertc htbe e snte xt move
ors erioefms o vefsol olwinfgr otmh aatr reamnegnrte,t rograde
analytsuirstn hste r aditaipoponraaclth o c hess proonbi ltesm s
heaAd r.e trogarnaadlecy asiluslp so tnh pel ayteoar n alwyhzaet
haasl rye hapadpeneidna gam,ea ndn ot wshhoautdl happen.
This borfce heedps rso blem pgoapiuniletawdyri tthh wei dely
Introcluction
ix
publicshheepsdrs o bloefmR sa ymoSnmdu llwyhainc,Gh r aefrath
coveirnhs i psi e.cF eotrh ousneaf milwiiatrrhe trogarnaasdli,eys
thfeo upru zztlheaGstr areaftohf femrasyp roveindtee ritnameinnt
themseesHl.ov wevetrh,ei rsem orae tp lya inG raraetf'hsp iece
thamne ettshe ey .eH es eetkhsue n ifyipnhgi losopprhiinccailp le
thagtu idSemsuy lal'nsm ayn bookosnr etrogarnayadsl.eiI snh is
ess,aG yraefnroaottn hlp yr oviidnetse lcloimgmenenttao rnyt hese
fewp uzzlbeuhste, c onclutdheaostn ec ant eaosuet tiwmpoo r­
tanpth ilosoipnhshiitcfgsar loS mm ulalny'wso r.kT hef irisswt h at
Graefrat"hoc gcniatloilpvste i m:it shmag"ti veevne sno moef t he
seeimngmloys itn tracptuazebzsllo,eu rp owseo rfc ognictaino n
leaudst ou nravtehle puozfzt lheues nv iesre.A ndt he second
relattote hsle i mitaotfci oognnsi otpitvsiemm i:S muylalns hows
thadte,s poiutbree satb iileitsth,e re arpeu zmzfalonewrysh icwhe
wilnle vhearv aen a nwser.
Turnifnugr tthoewra qrude stoifou nndse rstaannddii nngt elli­
gecneA,n dMyi adhr awosnt hpeh iloyso ofap rhitciifianlt elligence
(AIt)ow ondewhra kti nodfk nowlewdegc ea nl egiticmaaltle ly
"nietlilgen.c"Teo d os oh,e u tiltihzweer si tionftg wso f maous
theios,rtA slaTnu rianngJd o hSne laerb,o tohfw homr eappiena r
sevesruabls etqc uhepantseM.r iachh aelnlgeaf sun dameonfct o m­
putperro grasmt mhewero rlodv etrh:ac th essy-ipnclgoa mpeurts
proviadg eo omdo deolfi ntelcleHi.ge ae rngeust hacth ess does
notm akes ucah g remaotd eolf airctiiianefltlg leincaesi so ften
thougIhsntta.ed h,e r aeso,nt sheraer em ayn othegra measn d
sporttsh aptr ovsiudifeicf etnlmyo rset rintgeesontftis n telclei.g en
Tod ratwh ciosn clu,h seii ontnrcoedysue att hdit rheorBiersnta,r d
Suit,as ndb orrohwevsai lfyr ohmi vsi eowf g ampel yain.Sg uit'ss
vieewm phasniozte so annal byii tltyo r easoounst t rataengdi es
taicctbsu,at l ssoo maef fifnoicrtr yte iav,is tpyontya,na enidat rbi­
trraineisngs a mpel yain.g
TamaC outtsc ontriab luviteelesys saiyna simivleairtn h at
offeabr rsi oevfe rvainedcw r itiocfJi oshSmne laer"'hCsi nersoeo m
argum.e"Hne ta rgeusv,e rmyu chi no pposittoAi nodnyM iah's
posiiottnh,a cth eslsya-ipncgo mpusti,e nfr catu,n edrsntdca heisns
three levmaanntn eHri.as r gmuenptr ocesetdrsha tifwgoarrd:hl ey
inotdrucSeesla erC'hsi nreosoeam r gmuenatn dt hemno diiefistt o
aswkh ethecra anid te quastuetilhtyce a sec hosefsH .e t hecno m­
mandest ewror epltiote hsae r gmuentth aSte laerh imsaedldfr esses
inh iosw nw or:kt h"eys stermpesl ya"n dt h"eor borte yp.lC"o utts
argeust hatth "eor borte plys"u cicusel sp,sat fricluyli antr hcea se
Introduction
X
ofc hesToss .u pptto hrcils aihmer ,e tutrotn hsce a soefc hess and
reastohnast i sfaie sti balnde permtioas tstirbilubenu edtresn tda­
intgoc heslsya-ipncgo mptue.rO sht os ihti md owna croasb so ard
witAhn dyM iah!h aPpteshr ey mbiegsbhtat t toluett hediirf fer­
encweist h rfieinsg.u
JohnH artmanbnr oadetnhsid si scuscsoinosni debrya bly
addsrseitnhgre le atiboent weheunm anasn dt echnoIlnoag ny .
exhsatuiavnedf s acinactaisaneng a sliyhse,c oveArmse rimcaasn­
ter MTiirma baishl ee prefpoarrm eaast cuhs iCnhge ssseBT.ah is
cas,h eeb elveiseh,o lednsil ghteannisnwgset rot hqeu esttihoant
hassu rebleyew nh isepdei rnh ushteodn beysm anayc heesnst hu­
saistIs:G arryK apsaroav Cy bogr?H artamnns'tsr atiestg oay s k
questaiboonusht o wK aspoavcr amteo m asttehrte h inkoifn g
DeeBpul eh,i cso mpetitsoerv effrmaoaorlu s madtucrhietnshg e
mid-910.9sH ed etatihloegsr a nizaatnidso tnr ucotfau c rhee psrso ­
gracmr,a wlst himeni tnoodf a m astaesr phree pafroaerm s a cth,
andr ounidtos u wti tah d iscusosfKi aosnpo va'rosw np repara­
tio.An ssm ucahn e xploroaftt hieeod nu catuisooenf Ca hle ssBase
asi its ac ritiocfti hspemr ominpehnitl osHoupbhteeD rrr euysfa,
preosfsaotUr C B erkeHlaerytm,a andnv anacne sa ctco oftu ench­
noolgyt hautn dsetrancdosm peurtass w orkiinncg o nctwe irth
plyae.rI snt hee ndh,e a gruetsh aFtr iatnzdJ uonrit,w oc hess
engeisnw,o rkeefdef ctiavseu lnayc kwnloedgmeedm bseo rfT eam
Kasparov.
Futrhertihnidgsi scu,sP soriefosnsEovra Sne ilngepri'esic net e­
grataes so mewhdaietfr fepnoti fnrto tmh peh ilpohsyoo f technol­
og.yH ei nvesttiwgoea xtieesnst tdieapli cticohne-sso snoeff r om
HubteD rreyufsm,e ntioanbeod,v a endt heo thferro tmh efi lm
direIcntgomrBa ergr manH.e s eetkosu npawchka tw oiutlm de an
focro mptuetrosp lacyh elsishk uem a.nS selgienrc'lsa iism t"haast
am attoefcr o ntin,gh eunmcaiynn teraicsdt,eif coatn,o i nteraction
betewnea getnsi nc ulrtayul mlakredb odi"eH seb. eilevtehsa t
thowsheo e mphastihzweea yi nw hicchh essy-ipnclgoa mpeurts
arsei mitloa rh umans aoc vurecri,laa onlodik nm anwya yosb vi­
ous,d iefrfenbceet wetehnte w :oh umanhsa vbeo deisa,n dp lay
gametsh routghhe. mI nt hicsa s,S eelintgaerrg'iessHt u bte r
Dreuysfw,h omh ea ccusoefas d vancai pnegr sotnhaelo retical
agenadnadn eglectthhienu gm aenlm eentosft howsheo a ctually
placyh esSsp.eii cfcya,lh leb eilevtehsaD tr eyfhuasgs o nteo foa r
ind efendhiinnso gw f maouasr ti"cWhlaet CotmepCrusa nD'ot"b y
unwitticnrgelayta inan rgr angeimnwe hnitce hr oasn dp rejudice,