Philosophy in the Modern World: A New History of Western Philosophy, Volume 4 PDF
Preview Philosophy in the Modern World: A New History of Western Philosophy, Volume 4
Philosophy in the Modern World This page intentionally left blank A NEW HISTORY OF WESTERN PHILOSOPHY volume iv Philosophy in the Modern World anthony kenny : CLARENDON PRESS OXFORD 3 GreatClarendonStreet,Oxfordox26dp OxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford. ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship, andeducationbypublishingworldwidein Oxford NewYork Auckland CapeTown DaresSalaam HongKong Karachi KualaLumpur Madrid Melbourne MexicoCity Nairobi NewDelhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto WithoYcesin Argentina Austria Brazil Chile CzechRepublic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore SouthKorea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam OxfordisaregisteredtrademarkofOxfordUniversityPress intheUKandincertainothercountries PublishedintheUnitedStates byOxfordUniversityPressInc.,NewYork (cid:1)SirAnthonyKenny2007 Themoralrightsoftheauthorhavebeenasserted DatabaserightOxfordUniversityPress(maker) Firstpublished2007 Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced, storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans, withoutthepriorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress, orasexpresslypermittedbylaw,orundertermsagreedwiththeappropriate reprographicsrightsorganization.Enquiriesconcerningreproduction outsidethescopeoftheaboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment, OxfordUniversityPress,attheaddressabove Youmustnotcirculatethisbookinanyotherbindingorcover andyoumustimposethesameconditiononanyacquirer BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData Dataavailable LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData Dataavailable TypesetbySPIPublisherServices,Pondicherry,India PrintedinGreatBritain onacid-freepaperby BiddlesLtd,King’sLynn,Norfolk ISBN 978–0–19–875279–0 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 To the memory of Georg Henrik von Wright This page intentionally left blank SUMMARY OF CONTENTS Contents ix Introduction xiii 1. Bentham to Nietzsche 1 2. Peirce to Strawson 34 3. Freud to Derrida 72 4. Logic 97 5. Language 121 6. Epistemology 144 7. Metaphysics 169 8. Philosophy of Mind 192 9. Ethics 220 10. Aesthetics 250 11. Political Philosophy 269 12. God 291 Chronology 319 Abbreviations and Conventions 321 Bibliography 327 List of Illustrations 335 Index 339 This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS Introduction xiii 1. Bentham to Nietzsche 1 Bentham’s Utilitarianism 1 The Development of John Stuart Mill 5 Schopenhauer’s Philosophy of the Will 13 Ethics and Religion in Kierkegaard 16 Dialectical Materialism 18 Darwin and Natural Selection 24 John Henry Newman 28 Nietzsche 30 2. Peirce to Strawson 34 C. S. Peirce and Pragmatism 34 The Logicism of Frege 37 Psychology and Pragmatism in William James 43 British Idealism and its Critics 47 Russell on Mathematics, Logic, and Language 50 Wittgenstein’s Tractatus 54 Logical Positivism 58 Wittgenstein’s Later Philosophy 60 Analytic Philosophy after Wittgenstein 63 3. Freud to Derrida 72 Freud and Psychoanalysis 72 Husserl’s Phenomenology 78 The Existentialism of Heidegger 83 The Existentialism of Sartre 87 Jacques Derrida 90 4. Logic 97 Mill’s Empiricist Logic 97 Frege’s Refoundation of Logic 100
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