Philosophy and Blade Runner Also by Timothy Shanahan THE EVOLUTION OF DARWINISM PHILOSOPHY 9/11 THE PROVISIONAL IRISH REPUBLICAN ARMY AND THE MORALITY OF TERRORISM REASON AND INSIGHT (2nd edition) Philosophy and Blade Runner Timothy Shanahan Loyola Marymount University, USA © Timothy Shanahan 2014 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identifi ed as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2014 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978–1–137–41228–7 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. Typeset by MPS Limited, Chennai, India. In memory of my mother, about whom only good things come to mind This page intentionally left blank Contents Preface xi Acknowledgments xiii 1 Introduction 1 The Film’s Basic Storyline 1 Androids, Replicants, and Humans 2 Electric Sheep Transmuted 4 From Workprint to Final Cut 7 The Deck-a-Rep Debate 11 ‘You Did a Man’s Work. But Are You a Man?’ 12 ‘Proud of Yourself, Little Man?’ 18 Conclusions 20 2 Being Human 22 Introduction 22 ‘It’s Artificial?’ 23 ‘You Nexus, Huh?’ 27 ‘You’re So Different’ 32 ‘We Have a Lot in Common’ 33 ‘Did You Ever Take that Test Yourself?’ 37 ‘Now It’s My Turn’ 38 ‘More Human than Human’ 39 Conclusions 41 3 Persons 43 Introduction 43 ‘They Were Designed to Copy Human Beings’ 44 ‘I’m Not in the Business. I Am the Business’ 47 ‘That Was Irrational of You’ 49 vii Contents ‘Replicants are Like Any Other Machine’ 50 ‘The Custom Tailored Genetically Engineered Humanoid Replicant’ 52 ‘Nothing is Worse than Having an Itch You Can Never Scratch’ 55 ‘That’s What It Is to Be a Slave’ 56 Conclusions 58 4 Identity 60 Introduction 60 ‘How Can It Not Know What It Is?’ 62 ‘Memories – You’re Talking about Memories!’ 66 ‘I Can’t Rely On…’ 68 ‘Deckard, Ninety-Seven’ 71 ‘I Don’t Know if It’s Me or Tyrell’s Niece’ 74 ‘There’s Some of Me in You’ 75 ‘You Play Beautifully’ 77 Conclusions 78 5 Consciousness 80 Introduction 80 ‘I Think, Sebastian, Therefore I Am’ 81 ‘We’re Not Computers, Sebastian’ 86 ‘Very Good, Pris. Now Show Him Why’ 88 ‘He Design Your Mind, Your Brain’ 89 ‘I Had in Mind Something a Little More Radical’ 92 ‘We’re Physical’ 95 Conclusions 97 6 Freedom 99 Introduction 99 ‘No Choice, Pal’ 101 ‘The Great Advantage to Being Alive is Having a Choice’ 103 ‘I’d Rather Be a Killer than a Victim’ 105 ‘Show Me What You’re Made Of’ 106 ‘Yeah, What Do You Want?’ 107 viii Contents ‘I Don’t Know Why He Saved My Life’ 110 Conclusions 113 7 Being Good 115 Introduction 115 Overcoming and Becoming 116 Beyond Good and Evil 118 ‘Aren’t You the “Good Man”?’ 121 ‘Man is Something that Should be Overcome’ 124 A Nexus 6 Übermensch? 126 ‘Is He Good?’ 127 Conclusions 129 8 God 131 Introduction 131 ‘Fiery the Angels Fell’ 132 ‘Rebel Angels from th’ Ethereal Skie’ 134 ‘I Ought to be Thy Adam’ 136 ‘Man is Nothing Else but What He Makes of Himself’ 138 ‘You Were Made as Well as We Could Make You’ 139 ‘Man is the Being Whose Project is to be God’ 143 Conclusions 145 9 Death 147 Introduction 147 ‘Can the Maker Repair What He Makes?’ 148 ‘I’m Afraid That’s a Little Out of My Jurisdiction’ 150 ‘How Long Do I Live?’ 151 ‘I Want More Life’ 157 ‘Four, Five. How to Stay Alive’ 160 Conclusions 162 10 Time and Meaning 164 Introduction 164 ‘All Those Moments Will Be Lost in Time’ 165 ‘All the Time, Pal’ 167 ix