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Philosophical Foundations of the Three Sociologies PDF

240 Pages·2014·13.769 MB·English
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ROUTLEDGE LIBRARY EDITIONS: SOCIAL THEORY Volume 52 PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE THREE SOCIOLOGIES This page intentionally left blank PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE THREE SOCIOLOGIES TED BENTON Routledge Taylor & Francis Group LONDON AND NEW YORK Firstpublishedin1977 Thiseditionfirstpublishedin2015 byRoutledge 2ParkSquare,MiltonPark,Abingdon,Oxon,OX144RN andbyRoutledge 711ThirdAvenue,NewYork,NY10017 RoutledgeisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusiness ©1977TedBenton Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproducedor utilisedinanyformorbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans,now knownorhereafterinvented,includingphotocopyingandrecording,orinany informationstorageorretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthe publishers. Trademarknotice:Productorcorporatenamesmaybetrademarksorregistered trademarks,andareusedonlyforidentificationandexplanationwithoutintent toinfringe. BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary ISBN:978-0-415-72731-0(Set) eISBN:978-1-315-76997-4(Set) ISBN:978-1-138-78807-7(Volume52) eISBN:978-1-315-76348-4(Volume52) Publisher’sNote Thepublisherhasgonetogreatlengthstoensurethequalityofthisreprintbut pointsoutthatsomeimperfectionsintheoriginalcopiesmaybeapparent. Disclaimer Thepublisherhasmadeeveryefforttotracecopyrightholdersandwould welcomecorrespondencefromthosetheyhavebeenunabletotrace. Philosophical foundations of the three sociologies Ted Benton Routledge & Kegan Paul London, Henley and Boston First publishedi n 1977 by Routledge& Kegan Paul Ltd 39 Store Street, London WC1E 7DD, Broadway House, Newtown Road, Henley-on-Thames, Oxon RG9 lEN and 9 Park Street, Boston, Mass. 02108, USA Set in MonotypeT imes by Kelly & Wright, Bradford-on-Avon,W iltshire and printed in Great Britain by Unwin Bros. Ltd © Ted Benton 1977 No part of this book may be reproducedi n any form without permissionf rom the publisher, exceptf or the quotation of brief passagesin criticism British Lihrary Cataloguing in Publication Data Benton, Ted Philosophicalf oundationso f the three sociologies - (International library ofs ociology). 1. Sociology-History2 . Philosophy, Modern- History I. Title II. Series 301'.01 H M26 ISBN 0 7100 8593 1 To W.B., H.L.B., and S.L.P. This page intentionally left blank Contents Preface xi 1 Introduction 1 What is philosophy? 1 Philosophya nd the sciences 3 The under-labourerc onception 3 The master-scientisto, r metaphysicacl onception 6 Two historical conceptions 7 What is the relationship betweenp hilosophya nd the social sciences? 11 Towards an alternative 15 2 August Comte and positivist sociology 18 Epistemology 18 Empiricism 21 Enlightenmenta nd revolution in France 24 The positivep hilosophy 26 Comte'sh istory andp hilosophyo f the sciences 28 Comte'ss ociology 37 3 The natural sciences:I Contemporaryp ositivism and the concepto f explanation 46 Twentieth-centuryp ositivism: logical empiricism 47 The modernp ositivist conceptiono fs cientific explanation 53 Explanation, causality and 'conceptuals chemes' 61 4 The natural sciences:I I The positivist conceptiono f scientific theory and its competitors 64 The hypothetico-deductivaec counto f scientific theories 64 VB

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