Pheromones and Animal Behavior: Chemical Signals and Signatures

426 Pages·2014·8.8 MB·English

by  Wyatt T.D.

Pheromones and Animal Behavior
Chemical Signals and Signatures
SECOND EDITION
Pheromonesandotherkindsofchemicalcommunicationunderliethebehaviorofallanimals.
Buildingonthestrengthsofthefirstedition,widelyrecognizedastheleadingtextinthe
subject,thisisacomprehensiveoverviewofhowpheromoneswork.
Extensivelyrevisedandexpandedtocoveradvancesmadeoverthelasttenyears,thebook
offersathoroughexplorationoftheevolutionaryandbehavioralcontextsofchemical
communication,alongwithadetailedintroductiontothemolecularandneuralbasisof
chemosensoryperception.Atatimeofeverincreasingspecialization,Wyattoffersaunique
synthesis,integratingexamplesacrosstheanimalkingdom.Afinalchaptercriticallyconsiders
humanpheromonesandtheimportanceofolfactiontohumanbiology.Itsbreadthofcoverage
andreadabilitymakethebookanunrivaledresourceforstudentsandresearchersinarangeof
fieldsfromchemistry,genetics,genomics,molecularbiology,andneurosciencetoecology,
evolution,andbehavior.
Afulllistofthereferencesfromthisbookisavailablefordownloadfromwww.cambridge.
org/pheromones.
TristramD.WyattisaresearcheratOxfordUniversity’sDepartmentofZoology,andanEmeritus
FellowofKelloggCollege,Oxford.Heisinterestedinhowpheromonesevolvethroughoutthe
animalkingdom,atbothmolecularandbehaviorallevels.Thesebroadinterestsgivehima
uniquevantagepoint,enablinghimtodrawtogetherdevelopmentsacrossthesubject.

Pheromones and
Animal Behavior
Chemical Signals and Signatures
SECOND EDITION
TRISTRAM D. WYATT
DepartmentofZoologyandKelloggCollege,
UniversityofOxford
UniversityPrintingHouse,CambridgeCB28BS,UnitedKingdom
PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyCambridgeUniversityPress,NewYork
CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge.
ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof
education,learning,andresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence.
www.cambridge.org
Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/pheromones
©T.D.Wyatt2014
Firstedition©CambridgeUniversityPress2003
Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception
andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements,
noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten
permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress.
Firstpublished2003
Secondedition2014
PrintedintheUnitedKingdombyTJInternationalLtd.PadstowCornwall
AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary
ISBN978-0-521-11290-1Hardback
ISBN978-0-521-13019-6Paperback
Additionalresourcesforthispublicationatwww.cambridge.org/pheromones
CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyof
URLsforexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredtointhispublication,
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To Robert

CONTENTS
Preface pagexi 3 Pheromones,chemicalcues,andsexual
Acknowledgments xv selection 65
ListofSIprefixes xvi 3.1 Whichsexshouldadvertise? 66
3.2 Externalfertilizationandchemicalduets 69
Listofabbreviations xvii
3.3 Scramblecompetition 69
3.4 Pre-copulatorymateguarding 71
1 Animalsinachemicalworld 1
3.5 Contests 72
1.1 Intra-specificsemiochemicals:pheromones
3.6 Matechoice:overview 73
andsignaturemixtures 2
3.7 Matechoiceforgoodgenes,matequality,and
1.2 “Innateness”ofpheromones 16 directbenefits 75
1.3 Howpheromonesignalsevolvefromchemical
3.8 Matechoiceforgeneticcompatibilityrevealed
cues 18
bychemicalcues 81
1.4 Pheromonediversity,specificity,and
3.9 Coolidgeeffectsandrejectionofpastmates:
speciation 24
beenthere,donethat 86
1.5 Productionofpheromones 31
3.10 Alternativematingstrategies 86
1.6 Pheromones:signalhonestyandcosts 32
3.11 Post-copulatorysexualselection 87
1.7 Chemicalprofilesfromwhichsignature
3.12 Sexpheromonesandspeciation 90
mixturesarelearnedforindividualandcolony
Summary 103
recognition 37
Furtherreading 103
1.8 Differencesinresponsetopheromones 43
1.9 Releaserandprimereffectsof
pheromones 43 4 Comingtogetherandkeepingapart:
1.10 Multimodalsignals 44
aggregationpheromonesandhost-marking
1.11 Allohormonepheromonesbypassingolfaction
pheromones 105
andtaste 45
4.1 AggregationpheromonesandAllee
1.12 Pheromonesandsignaturemixturesin
effects 105
humans? 45
4.2 Host-markingpheromones 110
1.13 Pollutiondisruptschemicalcommunicationin
Summary 112
aquaticorganisms 45
Summary 46 Furtherreading 112
Furtherreading 48
5 Territorialbehaviorandsemiochemicals 113
2 Methodsforidentifyingandstudying
5.1 Whyscentmarkonterritories? 115
semiochemicals 49 5.2 Scent-fencehypothesis 115
2.1 Bioassays 49 5.3 Scent-matchinghypothesis 115
2.2 Collectionandanalysisofsemiochemicals 55 5.4 Border-maintenancehypothesis 120
2.3 Usinggeneticandothertechniquesfrom 5.5 Economicsofscent-markingpatternsin
molecularbiology 59 territories 121
Summary 63 5.6 Dearenemiesornastyneighbors 123
Furtherreading 63 5.7 Counter-markingandover-marking 123
|
viii Contents
5.8 Scentmarkinginnon-territorial 9.3 Themanychemosensorysubsystemsin
mammals 124 mammalsandinsects 192
Summary 125 9.4 Theoverlappingrolesandintegrationofthe
Furtherreading 125 accessoryandmainolfactorysystemsin
mammals 198
9.5 Pheromones,sex,andbraincircuits 201
6 Semiochemicalsandsocialorganization 126
9.6 Pheromoneselicitstereotyped,butmodulated,
6.1 Colony,kin,family,andindividual
behaviorand/orphysiologicalresponses 206
recognition 126
9.7 Pheromoneprimereffects 209
6.2 Pheromonesandreproductioninsocial
9.8 Learningofsignaturemixtures 215
groups:controlorco-operative
9.9 Interactionsbetweensignaturemixturesand
signaling? 133
pheromones 218
Summary 148
Summary 221
Furtherreading 148
Furtherreading 222
7 Pheromonesandrecruitment
10 Findingthesource:pheromones
communication 150 andorientationbehavior 223
7.1 Foragingecologyandevolutionofrecruitment
10.1 Investigatingorientationbehavior
communication 150
mechanisms 223
7.2 Socialinsectsasself-organizingsystems 160 10.2 Rangingbehavior:searchstrategiesforfinding
Summary 164 odorplumes,trails,orgradients 226
Furtherreading 164 10.3 Findingthesource:orientationto
pheromones 227
8 Fightorflight:alarm pheromones Summary 243
andcues 165 Furtherreading 243
8.1 Evolutionofalarmsignalsbykin
selection 165 11 Breakingthecode:illicitsignalers
8.2 Subsocialinsectfamilies 165 andreceiversofsemiochemicals 244
8.3 Alertsignalsindeerfamilygroups 165 11.1 Eavesdropping 244
8.4 Clonalseaanemones 167 11.2 Chemicalcommunicationinmutualisms 249
8.5 Aphids 167 11.3 Deceptionbyaggressivechemical
8.6 Socialaphids 169 mimicry 251
8.7 TermitesandsocialHymenoptera 169 11.4 Socialparasitesusingdisguisetoescape
Summary 172 detectionbysocialinsecthosts 255
Furtherreading 172 Summary 259
Furtherreading 259
9 Perceptionandresponsetochemical
communication:fromchemosensoryreceptors 12 Usingsemiochemicals:applications
tobrains,behavior,anddevelopment 173 ofpheromones 260
9.1 Howolfactionworks:combinatorial 12.1 Semiochemicalsusedwithbeneficialand
processingofodorantsincluding domesticanimals 260
pheromones 173 12.2 Pheromonesinpestmanagement 263
9.2 Evolutionofchemoreceptors 188 12.3 Pestresistancetopheromones? 272