Phase 1 archaeological survey of 3,000 acres at Fort Leonard Wood, Pulaski County, Missouri

220 Pages·1997·10.3 MB·English

by  Adams, Brian

977.801
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PHASE ARCHAEOLOGICAL
I
SURVEY OF ACRES AT
3,000
FORT LEONARD WOOD
MISSOURI
byBrianAdams
Public Service Archaeology Program
Research Report No. 33
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U. OF I.
LIBRARY AT
URBANA/
CHAMPAIGN
BOOKSTACKS
Form Approved
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE
OMB No. 0704-0188
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A. TITLE AND SUBTITLE j. funoing numb:3s
Phase I Archaeological Survey of 3,000 Acres DACA88-94-D-0008
at Fort Leonard Wood, Pulaski County, Missouri Delivery No. 16
6. AUTHOR(S)
Brian Adams
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION
REPORT NUMBER
Public Service Archaeology Program
Research Report
Dept. of Anthropology
109 Davenport Hall No. 33
TTnivprciiry g£. n Hn»j nflrhana . T1 61801
9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING
AGENCY REPORT NUMBER
United States Army Construction Engineering
Research Laboratories
Champaign, II. 61826-9005
11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE
13. ABSTRACT (Maximum200words)
archaeological surveyThofis3r,0e0p0ortacrdeoscumaetntFsorttheLeorneasrudltsWooodf, aMiPshsaosueriI,
survey documented 49 sites and 18 isolated finds. Twenty-two sites areTh<t
recommended for Phase II NRHP evaluation.
14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES
Phase I archaeological survey, Missouri, 210
Ozarks, NRHP
16. PRICE CODE
17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 20. LIMITATION OFABSTRACT
OF REPORT OF THIS PAGE OF ABSTRACT
NSN 7540-01-280-5500 Standard Form 298 (Rev 2-89)
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Digitized by the Internet Archive
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PHASE I ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF 3,000 ACRES
AT FORT LEONARD WOOD, PULASKI COUNTY, MISSOURI
for submission to:
U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratories
Champaign, Illinois 61826-9005
Contract No. DACA88-94-D-0008
Delivery Order No. 0016
by:
Brian Adams
with a contribution by
Kevin P. McGowan
Dr. Kevin P. McGowan, Principal Investigator
Public Service Archaeology Program
Department ofAnthropology
University ofIllinois at Urbana-Champaign
109 Davenport Hall
607 South Mathews Avenue
Urbana, Illinois 61801
March 1997

ABSTRACT
Cop- 3
From March 1996 through September 1996 the Public Service Archaeology Program ofthe University
of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign conducted a Phase I survey of 3,000 acres within the Fort Leonard Wood
Military Reservation, Pulaski County, Missouri, for the United States Army Construction Engineering
Research Laboratories. The investigations were designed to provide archaeological inventory and
management recommendations for unsurveyed tracts and to test the validity ofa model predicting prehistoric
site locations. The survey documented 41 previously unreported archaeological sites, eight previously
recorded sites, and 18 prehistoric isolated finds. Twenty-two sites are recommended for Phase II National
Register ofHistoric Places evaluation. Specific evaluation tasks are discussed for each site. The results of
the survey suggest that the recently developed GIS prehistoric site locational model is relatively robust for
cairn and cave/rockshelter sites, but deviations from the expected occur in some areas forprehistoric open-air
sites.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter Page
LIST OF FIGURES v
LIST OF TABLES «
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
xi
INTRODUCTION
1. 1
2. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING 5
Geology and Physiography 5
Soils 8
Climate and Climatic Change 10
Floral and Faunal Communities 11
Cultural StudyUnits 12
3. CULTURAL OVERVIEW AND REVIEW OF PREVIOUS WORK 15
Cultural Overview 15
Previous Investigations 22
RESEARCH GOALS 29
4.
Prehistoric PeriodResearch 29
Historic PeriodResearch 31
Summary 32
METHODOLOGY
5. 33
Archival Research 33
FieldMethods 35
,
Laboratory Methods 36
Site Forms 38
NRHP Evaluations 39
Curation 40
6. SITE INVENTORYANDARTIFACT ANALYSIS 41
Big Piney Quarry Tract 41
The Cookville/EQRTract 62
The South Roubidoux Creek Tract 84
7. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS 131
OverviewofResults 131
SettlementPatterns - 133
Cultural Chronology 149
Site Predictive Model Assessment 150
Summary 152
111
TABLE OF CONTENTS CONCLUDED
Chapter Page
8. SITE EVALUATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 155
Site Evaluation Criteria 155
NRHP Eligibility Recommendations 156
FieldworkRecommendations 159
Bias Assessment and Metadata (Kevin P. McGowan) 160
Conclusion 163
REFERENCES CITED 165
APPENDIX A. ArtifactInventory 183
APPENDIX B. Site Location Maps bound separately
APPENDIX C. Archaeological Survey ofMissouri Site Forms bound separately
APPENDIX D. Field andLaboratory Documentation boundseparately
APPENDIXE. Photographs boundseparately
IV