Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics

1852 Pages·2016·14.79 MB·English

PHARMACOLOGY AND
PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS
TWENTY-FOURTH EDITION
R.S. SATOSKAR, M.B.B.S., B.Sc. (Med.), Ph.D.
(Sheffield)
Formerly, Professor and Head, Department of Pharmacology, Seth G.S. Medical College; T.N.
Medical College
L.T.M. Medical College and Associate in Clinical Medicine, K.E.M. Hospital, Mumbai
NIRMALA N. REGE, M.D., Ph.D., D.N.B. (Clin.
Pharm)
Professor and Head, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth G.S. Medical College
and K.E.M. Hospital, Mumbai
S.D. BHANDARKAR, M.D., F.R.C.P. (Edin),
F.R.C.P. (Glasgow)
Formerly, Hon. Professor and Head, Department of Endocrinology, and Associate in Clinical
Pharmacology, Seth G.S. Medical College and K.E.M. Hospital, Mumbai

Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
Copyright
Dosage Note
Preface to the Twenty-fourth Edition
Preface to the First Edition
Some Abbreviations Used in the Text
Dedication
Section I: General Pharmacology
Chapter 1: General Considerations and Pharmacokinetics
The Nature and Sources of Drugs
Sources of Drug Information
Routes of Drug Administration and Dosage Forms
Absorption and Bioavailability
Distribution of a Drug
Fate of a Drug
Drug Excretion
Plasma Half-life and its Significance
Methods of Prolonging the Duration of Action of a Drug
Special Drug Delivery Systems
Chapter 2: Pharmacodynamics – Drug Receptor Interaction; Adverse Drug Reactions
Site of Drug Action
Structure Activity Relationship (SAR)
Mechanism of Drug Action
Drug Receptors
Dose Response Relationship
Adverse Drugs Reactions (ADR)
Drug Allergy
Manifestations of ADR
Treatment of Acute Drug Poisoning
Chapter 3: Principles of Drug Prescribing; Factors Modifying the Effects of a Drug; and
Drug Interactions
Drug Prescribing
P-drug (Personal drug) Concept
Essential Drugs
Orphan Drugs
Factors Modifying the Effects of a Drug
Drug Interactions
Chapter 4: Drug Invention; New Drug Development; and Drug Assay
Animal Toxicity Studies
Clinical Evaluation
Drug Assay
Section II: Drugs Acting on the Central Nervous System
Chapter 5: General Considerations
Chapter 6: Aliphatic Alcohols
Acute Alcohol Intoxication
Chronic Alcoholism
Alcohol Dependence
Chapter 7: General Anaesthetics
Inhalational General Anaesthetics
Volatile Liquid Anaesthetics
Gaseous Anaesthetics
Non-Volatile General Anaesthetics
Neuroleptanalgesia
Pre-anaesthetic Medication
Drugs Administered During Anaesthesia
Chapter 8: Sedatives, Hypnotics and Pharmacotherapy of Sleep Disorders
Benzodiazepines
Non-benzodiazepine, Benzodiazepine-receptor Agonists
Barbiturates
Alcohols
Aldehydes
Melatonin Recepter Agonist
Orexin Receptor Antagonists
Miscellaneous
Pharmacotherapy of Insomnia and Other Sleep Disorders
Chapter 9: Drugs Effective in Seizure Disorders
Types of Epilepsy
Anti-epileptic Drugs (AED)
General Principles of Management of Epilepsy
Epilepsy and Pregnancy
Drug Therapy of Epilepsy
Chapter 10: Opioid Analgesics and Antagonists
Opium Alkaloids
Semisynthetic Derivatives of Natural Opium Alkaloids
Synthetic Morphine Substitutes
Opioid Antagonists
Chapter 11: Analgesic-Antipyretics and Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
Salicylates
Para-Aminophenol Derivatives
Indoles and Related Drugs
Heterocyclic Arylacetic Acid Derivatives
Propionic Acid Derivatives
Fenamates
Oxicams
Preferential and Selective COX-2 Inhibitors
Pharmacotherapy of Pain
NSAID and Renal Damage
Chapter 12: Central Nervous System Stimulants
Stimulants of the Cerebral Cortex
Stimulants of the Brain Stem and Medullary Centres
Stimulants of the Spinal Cord
Reflex Stimulants of the Central Nervous System
Chapter 13: Psychopharmacology - 1: Introduction, Antipsychotic Drugs and
Pharmacotherapy of Major Psychotic Disorders
Antipsychotic Drugs
Atypical Antipsychotics (Second Generation)
Management of Schizophrenia
Manic Depressive Psychosis – Management
Chapter 14: Psychopharmacology - 2: Anxiolytics, Antidepressants and Mood Modifying
Agents
Treatment of Anxiety Disorders
Antidepressant Drugs
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI)
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)
Selective Serotonin (5-HT) Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI)
Treatment of Major Depression
Mood Stabilisers
Psychomotor Stimulants
Psychotogenic Drugs
Drug Induced Psychiatric Syndromes
Chapter 15: Drug Therapy of Parkinsonism and Other Neurodegenerative Disorders
Drug Therapy
Management of Parkinsonism
Drug Therapy of Other Extrapyramidal Syndromes
Drug-induced Extrapyramidal Reactions (EPR)
Motor Neuron Disease (MND) Drug Therapy
Drugs and Memory
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Section III: Local Anaesthetics
Chapter 16: Cocaine, Procaine and Other Synthetic Local Anaesthetics
Section IV: Autonomic Nervous System
Chapter 17: General Considerations
Distribution of Parasympathetic Nervous System
Distribution of Sympathetic Nervous System
Neurohumoral Transmission
Neurohumoral Transmitters
Neurotransmitter Uptake Mechanisms and Drugs
Chapter 18: Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists
Catecholamines
Noncatecholamines
Noncatecholamines Mainly Used as Vasopressor Agents
Nasal Decongestants
Anorectic Sympathomimetic Drugs
Miscellaneous Compounds
Sympathetic Blocking Drugs
Adrenergic Receptor Blockers
Chapter 19: Cholinergic Drugs
Esters of Choline
Cholinomimetic Alkaloids
Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Organophosphorus Compound (OPC) Poisoning
Chapter 20: Muscarinic Receptor Blocking Drugs; Pharmacotherapy of Bladder
Dysfunction
Belladonna Alkaloids
Synthetic and Semisynthetic Atropine Substitutes
Bladder Dysfunction – Pharmacology
Chapter 21: Ganglion Stimulating and Blocking Drugs
GanglionBlocking Agents
Chapter 22: Skeletal Muscle Relaxants
Centrally Acting Skeletal Muscle Relaxants
Peripherally Acting Skeletal Muscle Relaxants
Drugs Acting Directly on Skeletal Muscle
Section V: Other Biogenic Amines and Polypeptides
Chapter 23: Histamine and Antihistaminic Drugs
Histamine, Anaphylaxis and Allergy
H1 Receptor Antagonists
H2 Receptor Antagonists
H3 and H4 Receptors