Pharaoh's Workers: The Villagers of Deir el Medina PDF
Preview Pharaoh's Workers: The Villagers of Deir el Medina
Pharaoh's Workers Also by Leonard H. Lesko The Ancient Egyptian Book of Two Ways A Dictionary of Late Egyptian, 5 vols. (editor) Egyptological Studies in Honor of Richard A. Parker (editor) An Index of the Spells on Egyptian Middle Kingdom Coffins and Related Documents King Tut's Wine Cellar Religion in Ancient Egypt: Gods, Myths, and Personal Practice (with Byron E. Shafer, John Baines, and David P. Silverman) PHARAOH'S WORKERS The Villagers of Deir el Medina Edited by Leonard H. Lesko CORNELL UNIVERSITY PRESS Ithaca and London Cornell University Press gratefully acknowledges a subvention from Brown University which aided in the publication of this book. Copyright © I 994 by Cornell University All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 148 50. First published I 994 by Cornell University Press. Printed in the United States of America 0 The paper in this book meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences-Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-I984. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Pharaoh's workers : the villagers of Deir el Medina I edited by Leonard H. Lesko. p. em. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN o-8oi4-2915-3 (cloth)- ISBN o-8o14-8143-o (paper) 1. Dayr al-Madinah Site (Egypt) 2. Working class-Egypt-Dayr al Mad!nah Site. I. Lesko, Leonard H. DT73.D47P47 I994 932-dc20 93-45650 Contents List of Illustrations vu Introduction I PART I Social and Economic Concerns 9 ONE Rank, Roles, and Rights by Barbara S. Lesko I5 TWO Contact with the Outside World by Andrea G. McDowell 4I THREE Foreigners Living in the Village by William A. Ward 6I PART II Spiritual and Intellectual Matters 87 FOUR Aspects of Domestic Life and Religion by Florence D. Friedman 95 FIVE Magical Practices among the Villagers by ]oris F. Borghouts I I 9 Contents SIX Literature, Literacy, and Literati by Leonard H. Lesko I 3 I Abbreviations 145 Notes I53 Acknowledgments I89 Contributors I 9 I Index I93 [vi] List of Illustrations Black and White Illustrations Map of Western Thebes 3 Deir el Medina from the north 4 Deir el Medina from the south 4 Workmen's settlement and Deir el Bahri from the Gurn s s Valley of the Kings and Western Valley Central portion of Valley of the Kings 6 Corridor to burial chamber of Ramses VI 6 Deir el Medina from the west 2 7 Typical house at Deir el Medina 27 Low-relief sculpture, tomb of King Merneptah 28 Veneration of deceased royalty, tomb of Amen-em-one 28 Workmen's settlement 29 Inherkhau and his family 30 Scenes of daily life, tomb of lpuy 30 Ostracon of woman at her oven 3 I Ostracon of Deir el Medina stonemason 3 I Statue of the scribe Ramose 3 2 Relatives of Pashed 49 so Map of the gold mines so Riverbank scene The scribe Amenhotep assisting at a funeral 5 I s Temple of Mut I Ethnic diversity in plaster masks, Tell el Amarna s2 Religious scenes, tomb of lnherkhau 91 Chapel area, north end of Deir el Medina 9I [vii] List of Illustrations Chapel at Deir el Medina 92 Workmen's cemetery on the western foothills 92 Plan of typical Deir el Medina house I03 Drawing of a so-called box bed I03 Box bed in Deir el Medina house 04 I Variety in box beds I 04 Ostracon of mother and child I05 Reconstruction of a birth-arbor painting 106 Indoor altar, Tell el Amarna I06 One-figure ;1) i~r n R' stela I07 Two-figure ;1) i~r n R' stela I07 Ancestor bust Io8 Stela of offering to an ancestor bust I09 Workmen in a religious procession I 2 5 Color Plates following page 86 Tomb of Queen Nefertari Workers at the funeral of their father, tomb of Sennedjem Field of Hetep, tomb of Sennedjem Workman at prayer Burial chamber, tomb of Ramses VI Workmen decorating a shrine to Amenhotep I, tomb of lpuy Sennedjem's family Inherkhau and his wife [viii] Pharaoh's Workers
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