Peterson’s AP U.S. History - Scott County Preschool

400 Pages·2004·1.33 MB·English

Peterson’s
AP U.S. History
Margaret C. Moran
W. Frances Holder
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CONTENTS
Introduction .......................................... 1
10 Strategies for Acing the Exam ........................... 1
10 Facts about the AP U.S. History Exam ..................... 2
Scoring High on the AP U.S. History Exam ................... 5
Study Plan for the AP U.S. History Exam ..................... 8
The Panic Plan ........................................... 12
Why Take the Diagnostic Test? ............................. 14
PART I: DIAGNOSING YOUR STRENGTHS AND
WEAKNESSES
Diagnostic Test ....................................... 17
.A.n.s.w.e.r.s.a.n.d..E.x.p..la.n.a.t.io.n.s..................................................................... 39
Self-Evaluation Rubric for the Advanced Placement Essays....... 61
PART II: AP U.S. HISTORY STRATEGIES
Chapter 1 Answering the Multiple-Choice
Questions ............................... 65
Practice Plan ............................................. 65
Basic Information ......................................... 65
Attacking the Questions: Practical Advice .................... 67
Practicing ............................................... 68
Practice Set 1 ............................................ 69
Answers and Explanations ................................. 71
Practice Set 2 ............................................ 73
Answers and Explanations ................................. 75
Practice Set 3 ............................................ 76
Answers and Explanations ................................. 78
Chapter 2 Writing a “9” Essay ..................... 81
Practice Plan ............................................. 81
Basic Information about Section II .......................... 82
Good Writing ............................................ 83
Planning and Writing Each Essay: Practical Advice ............. 85
Chapter 3 Writing the DBQ Essay................... 87
Defining the DBQ ........................................ 87
The Game Plan ........................................... 89
v
CONTENTS
Chapter 4 Writing the Free Response Essays ....... 97
Defining the Free Response Questions ....................... 97
The Game Plan ........................................... 98
Practical Advice .......................................... 98
Free Response Essays ..................................... 99
Suggestions for Free Response Essays, Part B ................. 100
Suggestions for Free Response Essays, Part C ................. 104
Self-Evaluation Rubric for the Advanced Placement Essays ...... 108
PART III: AP U.S. HISTORY REVIEW
Chapter 5 Reviewing the Colonial Period to 1789.. 113
Discovery, Settlement, and Expansion, 1492–1754 ............. 113
Colonial Society Around 1750 .............................. 123
The Move to Independence, 1754–1776 ..................... 128
The American Revolution, 1775–1783 ....................... 134
Drafting the Constitution .................................. 139
Chapter 6 The Constitution and Important
Supreme Court Cases ................... 143
The U.S. Constitution...................................... 143
Twelve Important Supreme Court Decisions .................. 148
Some Additional Supreme Court Cases with Impact on Historical
Events ............................................... 155
Chapter 7 Reviewing the New Nation to
Mid-Century ............................. 157
The New Nation, 1789–1800 ............................... 157
The Age of Jefferson, 1800–1816 ........................... 164
Nationalism: Prosperity and Change ......................... 168
Sectionalism ............................................. 174
The Age of Jackson, 1828–1848 ............................ 178
A Changing Society and an Emerging Culture ................. 182
Chapter 8 Reviewing the Events Leading to the
Civil War and Its Aftermath ............. 189
Territorial Expansion and Sectional Crisis .................... 189
Prelude to the Civil War ................................... 193
The Civil War ............................................ 197
Reconstruction ........................................... 203
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CONTENTS
Chapter 9 Becoming an Urban and Industrial
World Power ............................ 211
The New South .......................................... 211
The Last Frontier ......................................... 214
Industry, Labor, and Big Business ........................... 218
Urban Society ............................................ 222
Intellectual and Cultural Movements ......................... 225
The Gilded Age .......................................... 227
The Nation Abroad, 1865–1914 ............................. 231
The Progressive Era ....................................... 235
Chapter 10 Reviewing the Twentieth Century:
1915 to the Present ................... 241
Wilson and World War I ................................... 241
The 1920s................................................ 245
The Great Depression ..................................... 248
The New Deal ........................................... 250
Diplomacy in the 1920s and 1930s .......................... 256
World War II ............................................ 259
Truman and the Beginning of the Cold War .................. 263
The Eisenhower Years .................................... 268
The Kennedy/Johnson Years ............................... 270
The Nixon Years ......................................... 276
The United States Since 1974 ............................... 279
PART IV: PRACTICE TESTS
Practice Test 1 ........................................ 289
.A.n.s.w.e.r.s.a.n.d..E.x.p..la.n.a.t.io.n.s..................................................................... 313
Self-Evaluation Rubric for the Advanced Placement Essays ...... 339
Practice Test 2 ........................................ 341
.A.n.s.w.e.r.s.a.n.d..E.x.p..la.n.a.t.io.n.s..................................................................... 367
Self-Evaluation Rubric for the Advanced Placement Essays ...... 391
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INTRODUCTION
10 STRATEGIES FOR ACING THE EXAM
P E
REPARING FOR THE XAM
1. Read the AP Course Description for the U.S. History Exam,
available from your teacher, and the 10 Facts about the AP U.S.
History Exam, on pages 2–4 in this book.
2. Choose your Study Plan from pages 8–13 in this book.
3. Choose a place and time to study every day. Stick to your routine
and your plan.
4. Even though they are time-consuming, complete the Diagnostic
and Practice Tests in this book. They will give you just what they
promise: practice—practice in reading and following the direc-
tions, practice in pacing yourself, practice in understanding and
answering multiple-choice questions, and practice in writing
timed essays.
5. Complete all of your assignments for your regular AP U.S. History
class. Ask questions in class, talk about what you read and write,
and enjoy what you are doing. The exam is supposed to measure
your development as an educated and thinking reader.
T N B E
HE IGHT EFORE THE XAM
6. Assemble what you will need for the exam: your admission
materials, four number 2 pencils, two pens, a watch (without an
alarm), and a healthy snack for the break. Put these items in a
place where you will not forget them in the morning.
7. Don’t cram. Relax. Go to a movie, visit a friend—but not one
who is taking the exam with you. Get a good night’s sleep.
T D E
HE AY OF THE XAM
8. Wear comfortable clothes.
9. If you do not usually eat a big breakfast, this is not the morning
to change your routine, but it is probably a good idea to eat
something nutritious if you can.
10. If you feel yourself getting anxious, concentrate on taking a
couple of deep breaths. Remember, you don’t have to answer all
the questions, you can use EDUCATED GUESSES, and you don’t
have to write three “9” essays.
1
INTRODUCTION
10 FACTS ABOUT THE AP U.S. HISTORY EXAM
1. T AP P O S O R C
HE ROGRAM FFERS TUDENTS AN PPORTUNITY TO ECEIVE OLLEGE
C C T T H S .
REDIT FOR OURSES HEY AKE IN IGH CHOOL
The AP program is a collaborative effort of secondary schools,
colleges and universities, and the College Board. Students who are
enrolled in AP or honors courses in any one or more of eighteen
subject areas may receive credit or advanced placement for college-
level work completed in high school. While the College Board makes
recommendations about course content, it does not prescribe
content. The annual testing program ensures a degree of comparabil-
ity among high school courses in the same subject.
2. M T 1400 C U G F Y ’ C .
ORE HAN OLLEGES AND NIVERSITIES RANT A ULL EAR S REDIT
Neither the College Board nor your high school awards AP credit.
You need to find out from the colleges to which you are planning to
apply whether they grant credit and/or use AP scores for placement.
It is important that you obtain each school’s policy in writing so
that when you actually choose one college and register, you will have
proof of what you were told.
3. T AP U.S. H E M F K , A
HE ISTORY XAM EASURES ACTUAL NOWLEDGE NALYTICAL
S , A S I .
KILLS AND THE BILITY TO YNTHESIZE NFORMATION
According to the College Board, the multiple-choice section measures
“factual knowledge, breadth of preparation, and knowledge-based
analytical skills.” The three-part essay section asks students “to
demonstrate their mastery of historical interpretation and their ability
to express their views and knowledge in writing.” In answering the
Document-Based Question (DBQ), students are asked not only to
analyze the given documents, but to synthesize and evaluate the
given materials during the process of analysis. Scoring of this particu-
lar essay is weighted toward the inclusion of “outside knowledge.” All
three essays are assessed on the strength of the thesis, the quality of
the argument, and the validity of the supporting evidence.
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