Pesticide Residues in Food and Drinking Water PDF
Preview Pesticide Residues in Food and Drinking Water
Pesticide Residues in Food and Drinking Water Human Exposure and Risks PesticideResiduesinFoodandDrinkingWater:HumanExposureandRisks. EditedbyDenisHamiltonand StephenCrossley 2004JohnWiley&Sons,Ltd ISBN:0-471-48991-3 Wiley Series in Agrochemicals and Plant Protection Series Editors: Terry Roberts, Consultant, Anglesey, UK. Junshi Miyamoto (deceased), Formerly of Sumitomo ChemicalLtd, Japan PreviousTitles in the Wiley Series in Agrochemicals and Plant Protection: The Methyl Bromide Issue (1996), ISBN 0 471 95521 3. Edited by C. H. Bell, N. Price and B. Chakrabarti Pesticide Remediation in Soils and Water (1998), ISBN 0 471 96805 6. Edited by P. Kearney and T. R. Roberts Chirality in Agrochemicals (1998), ISBN 0 471 98121 4. Edited by N. Kurihara and J. Miyamoto Fungicidal Activity (1998), ISBN 0 471 96806 4. Edited by D. Hutson and J. Miyamoto Metabolism of Agrochemicals in Plants (2000), ISBN 0 471 80150 X. Edited by Terry R. Roberts Optimising Pesiticide Use Edited by Michael F. Wilson Pesticide Residues in Food and Drinking Water Human Exposure and Risks Editedby DENIS HAMILTON DepartmentofPrimaryIndustries,Brisbane,Australia and STEPHEN CROSSLEY FoodStandardsAustraliaNewZealand,Canberra,Australia Copyright2004 JohnWiley&SonsLtd,TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester, WestSussexPO198SQ,England Telephone(+44)1243779777 Email(forordersandcustomerserviceenquiries):[email protected] VisitourHomePageonwww.wileyeurope.comorwww.wiley.com AllRightsReserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystemor transmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying, recording, scanningorotherwise,exceptunderthetermsoftheCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988or underthetermsofalicenceissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgencyLtd,90TottenhamCourt Road,LondonW1T4LP,UK,withoutthepermissioninwritingofthePublisher.Requeststothe PublishershouldbeaddressedtothePermissionsDepartment,JohnWiley&SonsLtd,The Atrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussexPO198SQ,England,oremailedto [email protected],orfaxedto(+44)1243770620. Thispublicationisdesignedtoprovideaccurateandauthoritativeinformationinregardtothe subjectmattercovered.ItissoldontheunderstandingthatthePublisherisnotengagedin renderingprofessionalservices.Ifprofessionaladviceorotherexpertassistanceisrequired,the servicesofacompetentprofessionalshouldbesought. OtherWileyEditorialOffices JohnWiley&SonsInc.,111RiverStreet,Hoboken,NJ07030,USA Jossey-Bass,989MarketStreet,SanFrancisco,CA94103-1741,USA Wiley-VCHVerlagGmbH,Boschstr.12,D-69469Weinheim,Germany JohnWiley&SonsAustraliaLtd,33ParkRoad,Milton,Queensland4064,Australia JohnWiley&Sons(Asia)PteLtd,2ClementiLoop#02-01,JinXingDistripark,Singapore129809 JohnWiley&SonsCanadaLtd,22WorcesterRoad,Etobicoke,Ontario,CanadaM9W1L1 Wileyalsopublishesitsbooksinavarietyofelectronicformats.Somecontentthatappears inprintmaynotbeavailableinelectronicbooks. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Pesticideresiduesinfood&drinkingwater:humanexposureandrisks/editedbyDenis HamiltonandStephenCrossley. p.cm.–(Agrochemicalsandplantprotection) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN0-471-48991-3(pbk.:alk.paper) 1.Pesticides–Toxicology.2.Pesticideresiduesinfood.3.Drinkingwater–Contamination. I.Hamilton,Denis.II.Crossley,Stephen.III.Series. RA1270.P4P4823 2003 615.9(cid:1)51–dc21 2003053814 BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary ISBN0-471-48991-3 Typesetin10/12ptTimesbyLaserwordsPrivateLimited,Chennai,India PrintedandboundinGreatBritainbyAntonyRoweLtd,Chippenham,Wiltshire Thisbookisprintedonacid-freepaperresponsiblymanufacturedfromsustainableforestry inwhichatleasttwotreesareplantedforeachoneusedforpaperproduction. Dedication Wededicatethisbooktothesafetyoffoodanddrinkingwaterandthesecurityof supplies for future generations. Hope for the future comes to mind in the image of Julia, grand-daughter of Denis. Denis Hamilton and Stephen Crossley Contents Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix Series Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii 1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Denis Hamilton and StephenCrossley 2 Environmental Fate of Pesticides and the Consequences for Residues in Food and Drinking Water. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Jack Holland and Phil Sinclair 3 Pesticide Metabolism in Crops and Livestock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 MichaelW. Skidmore and A´rpa´d Ambrus 4 Effects of Food Preparation and Processing on Pesticide Residues in Commodities of Plant Origin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Gabriele Timmeand Birgitt Walz-Tylla 5 Toxicological Assessment of Agricultural Pesticides. . . . . . . . . . 149 Mike Watson 6 Diets and Dietary Modelling for Dietary Exposure Assessment. . 167 J. Robert Tomerlinand Barbara J. Petersen 7 Chronic Intake. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 LesDavies, MichaelO’Connorand Sheila Logan 8 Acute Intake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243 Kim Z. TravisDenis Hamilton, LesDavies, Matthew O’Mullane and Utz Mueller 9 Natural Toxicants as Pesticides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269 John A. Edgar viii CONTENTS 10 International Standards: The International Harmonization of Pesticide Residue Standards for Food and Drinking Water . . . 295 Wim H.Van Eck 11 Explaining the Risks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339 Sir ColinBerry Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353 Contributors A´rpa´d Ambrus Training and ReferenceCentre for Foodand Pesticide Control, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of NuclearTechniquesin Foodand Agriculture, FAO/IAEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratory, FoodContaminants and Pesticide Analysis Unit, A-2444 Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria Sir Colin Berry Departmentof Morbid Anatomy andHistopathology, The RoyalLondon Hospital, LondonE1 1BB Stephen Crossley Food Standards Australia NewZealand, PO Box 7186, Canberra, MC ACT 2610, Australia Les Davies ChemicalReviewandInternational Harmonisation Section, Therapeutic Goods Administration, Australian Department of Healthand Ageing, PO Box 9848, Canberra, MC ACT2601, Australia John A. Edgar LivestockIndustries, CSIRO,PrivateBag 24, Geelong,Victoria 3320,Australia Denis Hamilton Animal and Plant Health Service,Departmentof Primary Industries, 80 Ann Street,GPO Box 46, Brisbane, Queensland4001, Australia Jack Holland Risk Assessment and Policy Section, Department ofEnvironment and Heritage, Canberra, ACT2604, Australia Sheila Logan1 ChemicalReviewandInternational Harmonisation Section, Therapeutic Goods Administration, Australian Department of Healthand Ageing, PO Box 9848, Canberra, MC ACT2601, Australia Utz Mueller ChemicalReviewandInternational Harmonisation Section, Therapeutic Goods Administration, Australian Department of Healthand Ageing, PO Box 9848, Canberra, MC ACT2601, Australia 1Currently(2003)UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme(UNEP),Geneva,Switzerland. x CONTRIBUTORS Michael O’Connor ChemicalReviewand International Harmonisation Section, TherapeuticGoods Administration, Australian Departmentof Health andAgeing, PO Box 9848, Canberra, MC ACT2601, Australia Matthew O’Mullane ChemicalReviewand International Harmonisation Section, TherapeuticGoods Administration, Australian Departmentof Health andAgeing, PO Box 9848, Canberra, MC ACT2601, Australia Barbara J. Petersen Exponent,Inc.,NW Suite 1100, 1730 Rhode Island Avenue,Washington, DC 20036, USA Phil Sinclair Risk Assessmentand Policy Section, Department of Environmentand Heritage, Canberra, ACT 2604, Australia Michael W. Skidmore SyngentaAG, Jealotts Hill, Bracknell,Berkshire,RG426ET, UK Gabriele Timme BayerCropScienceAG, Landwirtschaftszentrum Monheim, Gescha¨ftsbereich Pflanzenschutz, PF-E-Registrierung, Alfred NobelStrasse 50, D-51368 Leverkusen,Germany J. Robert Tomerlin USEPA –Registration Division, USEnvironmental Protection Agency,Ariel Rios Building, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue,N.W.Washington, DC 20460, USA Kim Travis SyngentaAG, Jealotts Hill, Bracknell,Berkshire RG42 6ET,UK Wim H. van Eck2 Ministry of Health, Welfare andSport, 2500 EJ The Hague,The Netherlands Birgitt Walz-Tylla BayerCropScienceAG, Landwirtschaftszentrum Monheim, Gescha¨ftsbereich Pflanzenschutz, PF-E-Registrierung, Alfred NobelStrasse 50, D-51368 Leverkusen,Germany Michael Watson Department ofToxicology, RicercaInc.,7528 Auburn Road, PO Box 1000, Painesville, OH 440770-1000, USA 2Currently(2003)WorldHealthOrganization,Geneva,Switzerland.
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