Personality Disorders, Volume 8

530 Pages·2005·2.65 MB·English

__________________________________________________________________________________________________ VOLUME
8
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Personality Disorders
WPA Series
Evidence and Experience in Psychiatry
Personality Disorders. Edited by Mario Maj, Hagop S. Akiskal, Juan E. Mezzich and Ahmed Okasha.
 2005 John Wiley & Sons Ltd: ISBN 0-470-09036-7
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Other Titles in the WPA Series
Evidence and Experience in
Psychiatry
Volume1—Depressive Disorders1999
Mario Maj and NormanSartorius
Depressive Disorders, Second Edition 2003
Mario Maj and NormanSartorius
Volume2—Schizophrenia 1999
Mario Maj and NormanSartorius
Schizophrenia, Second Edition 2003
Mario Maj and NormanSartorius
Volume3—Dementia 1999
Mario Maj and NormanSartorius
Dementia, Second Edition 2003
Mario Maj and NormanSartorius
Volume4—Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder 1999
Mario Maj,Norman Sartorius, AhmedOkasha and JosephZohar
Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder,Second Edition 2003
Mario Maj,Norman Sartorius, AhmedOkasha and JosephZohar
Volume5—Bipolar Disorder
Mario Maj,Hagop S.Akiskal, Juan Jose´Lo´pez-Ibor and NormanSartorius
Volume 6—Eating Disorders
MarioMaj, KatherineHalmi,Juan Jose´Lo´pez-Ibor and NormanSartorius
Volume 7—Phobias
Mario Maj,Hagop S. Akiskal, Juan Jose´Lo´pez-Ibor andAhmedOkasha
__________________________________________________________________________________________________ VOLUME
8
_________________________
Personality Disorders
Edited by
Mario Maj
University of Naples, Italy
Hagop S. Akiskal
University of California, San Diego, USA
Juan E. Mezzich
Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA
Ahmed Okasha
Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
WPA Series
Evidence and Experience in Psychiatry
Copyrightu2005 JohnWiley&SonsLtd,TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,
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Personalitydisorders/editedbyMarioMaj ...[etal.].
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Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN0-470-09036-7(alk.paper)
1.Personalitydisorders. I.Maj,Mario,1953– II.Series.
[DNLM: 1.PersonalityDisorders. WM190P46672005]
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Contents
List of Review Contributors xv
Preface xvii
CHAPTER 1 SCHIZOTYPAL, SCHIZOID AND
PARANOID DISORDERS 1
Cluster A Personality Disorders: A Review 1
Josef Parnas, Deborah Licht and Pierre Bovet
COMMENTARIES
1.1 Paul E. Meehl’s Model of Schizotypy and
Schizophrenia 75
Mark F. Lenzenweger
1.2 Whatever Happened to Healthy Schizotypy? 82
Gordon Claridge
1.3 Genetic Enhancements to Schizotypy Theorizing 84
Irving I. Gottesman and L. Erlenmeyer-Kimling
1.4 Cluster A Personality Disorders: Unanswered
Questions about Epidemiological, Evolutionary
and Genetic Aspects 87
Matti Isohanni and Pekka Tienari
1.5 Schizotypy and Schizophrenia 89
Joachim Klosterko¨tter
1.6 Parsing the Schizophrenia Spectrum 92
Loring J. Ingraham
1.7 The Future of Cluster A Personality Disorders 94
Ming T. Tsuang and William S. Stone
1.8 Schizotypal Personality Disorder and Phenotype
Specification for Genetic Studies of Schizophrenia 97
Jeremy M. Silverman
1.9 A Developmental, Behavioural Genetic Look at
Schizotypal Disorder 100
Marco Battaglia
1.10 The Premorbid Personality Background of
Psychotic Disorders 103
Victor Peralta and Manuel J. Cuesta
viii _________________________________________________________________________________________ CONTENTS
1.11 Changing Boundaries at Different Levels of Validity 106
Erik Simonsen
1.12 Finding the Right Level of Analysis 110
Richard P. Bentall
1.13 Search for a Systematic Approach to
the Diagnosis of Personality Disorders 114
Jan Libiger
1.14 Schizotypal Personality Disorder—a Minor
Variant of Schizophrenia? 116
Ana Cristina Chaves
1.15 Diagnosis Versus Classification in Psychiatry 117
Robert Cancro
1.16 Cluster A Personality Disorders: Conundrums
and New Directions 120
David L. Braff
1.17 Have Paranoid and Schizoid Personality Disorders
Become Dispensable Diagnoses? 122
David P. Bernstein
CHAPTER 2 ANTISOCIAL DISORDER 125
Antisocial Personality Disorder: A Review 125
C. Robert Cloninger
COMMENTARIES
2.1 Understanding the Antisocial Personality Disorder
and Psychopathy Professional Literature 170
Carl B. Gacono
2.2 Developmental Perspectives on Self-Awareness in
Antisocial Personality Disorder 172
Jonathan Hill
2.3 The Complexity of Antisocial Behaviour 176
John M. Oldham
2.4 Assessing Research on Antisocial Personality 178
Lee N. Robins
2.5 Antisocial or Social Adaptation 180
Janine L. Stevenson
2.6 Antisocial Personality Disorder—The Forgotten
Patients of Psychiatry 184
Donald W. Black
2.7 A New Conceptualization of Antisocial
Personality Disorder 187
Conor Duggan
CONTENTS __________________________________________________________________________________________ ix
2.8 Cloninger’s Theory of Antisocial Personality Disorder 190
Thomas A. Widiger
2.9 An Uphill Battle Being Won 192
Renato D. Alarco´n
2.10 Public Health Approaches to Antisocial Personality
Disorder 195
Giovanni de Girolamo and Mariano Bassi
2.11 Antisocial Personality Disorder in its Cultural
Context 198
Levent Ku¨ey and O¨mer Aydemir
CHAPTER 3 BORDERLINE AND HISTRIONIC DISORDERS 201
Borderline and Histrionic Personality Disorders:
A Review 201
Michael H. Stone
COMMENTARIES
3.1 From Shifting Diagnoses to Empirically-based
Diagnostic Constructs 232
W. John Livesley
3.2 What is a Personality Disorder, a Set of
Traits or Symptoms? 235
Allan Tasman
3.3 Mentalization and Borderline Personality Disorder 238
Anthony W. Bateman
3.4 Complex and Diverse, Yet Similar? 243
Sigmund Karterud, Theresa Wilberg and Øyvind Urnes
3.5 The Need for New Paradigms in the Research
Approaches to Borderline Personality Disorder 245
Larry J. Siever
3.6 Borderline Personality Disorder: From Clinical
Heterogeneity to Diagnostic Coherence 248
Cesare Maffei
3.7 Borderline Personality Disorder: Problems of
Definition and Complex Aetiology 250
Jiri Modestin
3.8 Some Problems in the Current Conceptualization
of Borderline and Histrionic Personality Disorders 253
Enrique Baca Baldomero
3.9 Borderline (and Histrionic) Personality Disorders:
Boundaries, Epidemiology, Genetics and Treatment 255
Svenn Torgersen
x ___________________________________________________________________________________________ CONTENTS
3.10 Categorical Conundrums 258
John F. Clarkin
3.11 Are Cyclothymic Temperament and Borderline
and Histrionic Personality Related Concepts? 260
Giulio Perugi
3.12 Borderline and Histrionic Personality Disorders:
Implications for Health Services 263
Brian Martindale
3.13 Psychotherapy for Borderline Personality Disorder:
Some Tentative Interpretations of the Available
Empirical Findings 266
Roel Verheul
3.14 How to Cope with the Burden of Trying to
Help a Borderline Patient? 269
Vera Lemgruber
3.15 Borderline Personality Disorder: A Complex
Disorder, but not just Complex Post-traumatic
Stress Disorder 270
Christian Schmahl
3.16 Borderline Personality Disorder between Axis I and
Axis II Diagnosis 273
Tarek A. Okasha
3.17 Histrionic and Borderline Personality Disorders:
A View from Latin America 275
Ne´stor M. S. Koldobsky
CHAPTER 4 NARCISSISTIC DISORDER 277
Narcissistic Personality Disorder: A Review 277
Elsa Ronningstam
COMMENTARIES
4.1 Personality Pathology as Pathological
Narcissism 328
Leslie C. Morey
4.2 Narcissism within Psychiatry: Past and Future
Perspectives 332
Eric M. Plakun
4.3 Some Psychodynamics of Narcissistic Pathology 334
Arnold M. Cooper
4.4 Complexity of Narcissism and a Continuum of
Self-Esteem Regulation 336
Paul J. Watson
CONTENTS __________________________________________________________________________________________ xi
4.5 Narcissism: Psychodynamic Theme and
Personality Disorder 339
Robert Michels
4.6 Of Narcissism, Narcissistic Personality Disorder
and Normal Personality 341
Mark A. Blais
4.7 Narcissistic Personality Disorder:
The Cassel Hospital Experience 343
Kevin Healy
4.8 Narcissistic Personalities: Pathobiographies and
Research Findings from Latin America 346
Ramon U. Florenzano
CHAPTER 5 THE ANXIOUS CLUSTER 349
The Anxious Cluster of Personality Disorders:
A Review 349
Peter Tyrer
COMMENTARIES
5.1 Theory, Contexts, Prototypes and Subtypes 376
Theodore Millon
5.2 Anxious Cluster Personality Disorders: Perspectives
from the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality
Disorders Study 378
Andrew E. Skodol
5.3 Personality in Anxiety Disorders 381
Matig R. Mavissakalian
5.4 ‘‘Minima Moralia’’ on Cluster C Personality
Disorders 384
Carlo Faravelli
5.5 Anxious Cluster Personality Disorders and Axis I
Anxiety Disorders: Comments on the Comorbidity
Issue 386
M. Tracie Shea
5.6 Cluster C Personality Disorders: Utility and Stability 389
Timothy J. Trull and Stephanie D. Stepp
5.7 Anxiety, Avoidance and Personality—A Dynamic
Borderland 391
Dusica Lecic-Tosevski and Mirjana Divac-Jovanovic
5.8 A Theoretical Model of Cluster C Personality
Disorders 393
Joel Paris