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Person, Polis, Planet: Essays in Applied Philosophy PDF

269 Pages·2008·1 MB·English
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Person, Polis, Planet This page intentionally left blank Person, Polis, Planet Essays in Applied Philosophy DAVID SCHMIDTZ 1 2008 1 Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offi ces in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright © 2008 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Schmidtz, David. Person, polis, planet : essays in applied philosophy / David Schmidtz. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-0-19-536583-2 1. Ethics. 2. Applied philosophy. I. Title. BJ1012.S345 2008 170—dc22 2007043147 1 3 5 7 9 8 6 4 2 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I thank Randy Kendrick for all she did in 2003 to help me when I had a nearly inoperable brain tumor, and for all that she has helped me do in my life and career since then. It is in her honor that my current position is named the Kendrick Chair of Philosophy. I have hundreds of friends and colleagues to thank for their help and support over the years, both in general and with respect to the particular articles reprinted here. If I tried to name them all here, I might exceed Oxford’s word limit before the end of this note. I thanked them by name in the original articles, though, and I will not forget all that I owe them. Special thanks to Cathleen Johnson: for her expertise as an economist and for her high-octane editorial common sense, when that was what I needed, and for bird- watching, hiking, teaching me to salsa dance, exploring new recipes with me, and marrying me, when that was what I needed. This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS 1. Introduction 3 Person 2. Choosing Strategies 15 3. Choosing Ends 37 4. Reasons for Altruism 62 5. What Nozick Did for Decision Theory (with Sarah Wright) 78 Polis 6. How to Deserve 93 7. Moral Dualism 117 8. Separateness, Suffering, and Moral Theory 145 9. Diminishing Marginal Utility 165 10. Guarantees 174 Planet 11. The Institution of Property 193 12. R einventing the Commons: An African Case Study (with Elizabeth Willott) 211 13. Natural Enemies: An Anatomy of Environmental Confl ict 228 14. Are All Species Equal? 239 Works Cited 249 Index 257 This page intentionally left blank Person, Polis, Planet

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