Performance Psychology PDF
Preview Performance Psychology
Performance Psychology CommissioningEditor:ClaireWilson DevelopmentEditor:CatherineJackson ProjectManager:SukanthiSukumar Designer:StewartLarking IllustrationManager:GillianRichards Illustrator:Cactus Performance Psychology A Practitioner’s Guide E d i t e d b y Dave Collins BEd MSc PhD CPsychol CSci FSMA AFBPsS FBASES Director, Grey Matters Performance/Chair of Coaching and Performance, University of Central Lancashire, Lancashire, UK Angela Button PhD MSc BA(Hons) Research Fellow, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand Hugh Richards CPsychol Director, Postgraduate Programmes in Performance Psychology, Institute for Sport, PE & Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK F or e w o r d by Andy Robinson OBE Scotland Head Coach, Scottish Rugby, Murrayfield Stadium, Edinburgh, UK Edinburgh London New York Oxford Philadelphia St Louis Sydney Toronto 2011 Firstpublished2011,ãElsevierLimited.Allrightsreserved. Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicor mechanical,includingphotocopying,recording,oranyinformationstorageandretrievalsystem,without permissioninwritingfromthepublisher.PermissionsmaybesoughtdirectlyfromElsevier’sRights Department:phone:(þ1)2152393804(US)or(þ44)1865843830(UK);fax:(þ44)1865853333; e-mail:healthpermissions@elsevier.com.YoumayalsocompleteyourrequestonlineviatheElsevier websiteathttp:www.elsevier.com/permissions. ISBN:978-0-443-06734-1 BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData AcatalogrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress Notice NeitherthePublishernortheEditorsassumeanyresponsibilityforanylossorinjuryand/ordamageto personsorpropertyarisingoutoforrelatedtoanyuseofthematerialcontainedinthisbook.Itisthe responsibilityofthetreatingpractitioner,relyingonindependentexpertiseandknowledgeofthepatient, todeterminethebesttreatmentandmethodofapplicationforthepatient. ThePublisher The Publisher's policy is to use paper manufactured from sustainable forests PrintedinChina Foreword Getting it right mentally is crucial to performance. anddeployingpracticeregimes.Ohyes,ANDdoing Nowacknowledgedbyperformersandcoachesalike, everythingrightinpreparationforthespecificevent. performancepsychologyisanincreasinglyimportant Reflectingthislongertermperspective,thisbook feature of preparation. However, psychological offersexemplarsforeachstageoftheprocess.Justas aspects are not just something which is addressed importantly,thefourstageprocessiscrucialtoper- immediately before the big game. Getting it right formanceinmanydomains.Theexpertpanelinthis mentally is something that starts a lot earlier, often bookservetodemonstratehoweachstageiscrucial before the elite coach gets his or her hands on the forperformanceinthelongterm,acrossdomainsas performers. This book covers the whole ‘mental variedasathletics,rugby,danceandextremesports. preparation’ process; from talent development, Iftheprinciplesworkacrossthislot,theywillwork thoughsettinguptherightenvironment,todesigning anywhere! Andy Robinson, OBE Scotland Head Coach ix Acknowledgements Over the years and in the different places and jobs We are grateful for the opportunities this work has thatwehaveworked,manyindividualshavecontrib- provided and for the insights that we have gained uted to our understanding of psychology and its from you. impact on performance. There are far too many to Wewouldalsoliketoacknowledgethecontribu- mentionindividually,butincludecolleagues,clients, tionsmadetothisbookbytheauthors,photoprovi- collaborators, students,supervisorsandsupervisees. dersandotherswhohavehelpedtoshapeitscontent. xi Dedications Dave’s Dedication To HelsBels, Joe, Judy, Rosie, Ruby and Lily Angela’s Dedication For my Familiy Hugh’s Dedication ToElspethandtomygirls,Anya,LucyandBronwyn xiii List of Contributors AndrewAbrahamMSc JohnKielyHDipBSc(Hons)MSc PrincipalLecturerinSportsCoaching,LeedsMetropolitan SeniorLecturerinElitePerformance,InstituteofCoaching University,Leeds,UK andPerformance,UniversityofCentralLancashire, Lancashire,UK;StrengthandConditioningConsultant,UK JosephBakerPhD Athletics,AthleticsHouse,Solihull,WestMidlands,UK AssociateProfessorofLifespanHealthandDevelopment, SchoolofKinesiology&HealthScience,YorkUniversity, ClareMacMahonPhD Toronto,Canada SeniorLecturer,MotorLearningandSkilledPerformance, InstituteofSport,ExerciseandActiveLiving(ISEAL), VeronicaBurkeBA(Hons)PGCEMAPhD VictoriaUniversity,Melbourne,Australia ProgrammeDirector–GeneralManagementProgrammes, CranfieldUniversity,SchoolofManagement,Bedford,UK A´ineMacNamaraPhD SeniorLecturerinElitePerformance,InstituteofCoaching AngelaButtonPhDMScBA(Hons) andPerformance,UniversityofCentralLancashire, ResearchFellow,UniversityofOtago,Dunedin, Lancashire,UK NewZealand AlanC.MacPhersonPhD ChrisButtonBSc(Hons)PhD LecturerinSportandExercisePsychology,Instituteof AssociateProfessor,SchoolofPhysicalEducation, Sport,PhysicalEducation&HealthSciences,Universityof UniversityofOtago,Dunedin,NewZealand Edinburgh,Edinburgh,UK ClaireCalmelsPhD AmandaMartindaleBSc(Hons)MScCPsycholPhD Researcher,INSEP,ResearchService,Paris LecturerinSportandPerformancePsychology, PhysicalEducation,SportandLeisureStudies, UniversityofEdinburgh,Edinburgh,UK DaveCollinsBEdMScPhDCPsycholCSciFSMAAFBPsS FBASES Director,GreyMattersPerformance/ChairofCoaching RussellMartindaleBScMScPhD andPerformance,UniversityofCentralLancashire, LecturerinSportPsychologyandCoaching,Napier Lancashire,UK University,Edinburgh,UK JudyCollinsBScPsychCertCBT DuncanR.D.MascarenhasPhD PsychologyDepartment,UniversityofLeicester, SeniorLecturerinSportandExercisePsychology, Leicester,UK SportandExerciseSciences,GlyndwˆrUniversity, Wrexham,UK NicolaJ.HodgesBScMScPhD AssociateProfessor,SchoolofHumanKinetics, RichMastersBA(Hons)MADPhil UniversityofBritishColumbia,Canada ProfessorandAssistantDirector(Research),Instituteof HumanPerformance,TheUniversityofHongKong, HongKong PaulHolmesPhD Director,InstituteforPerformanceResearch,Manchester MetropolitanUniversity,Crewe,Cheshire,UK AidanMoranBAMAPhD ProfessorofCognitivePsychology,SchoolofPsychology, UniversityCollege,Dublin,Ireland PatrickW.HowardBPharmMPSFINSIA ChiefOperationsOfficer,Cromwell,Brisbane,Australia xv ListofContributors PatrickMortimerBEd(Hons) JoanN.VickersEdD PrivateConsultant,AubreyPerformance Professor,FacultyofKinesiology,UniversityofCalgary, (formerlyPerformanceManager,RugbyFootballLeague/ Alberta,Canada ChelseaFootballClubAcademy, Cheshire,UK) MarkR.WilsonPhD SeniorLecturerinSportPsychology,SchoolofSportand HughRichardsCPsychol HealthSciences,UniversityofExeter,Exeter,UK Director,PostgraduateProgrammesinPerformance Psychology,InstituteforSport,PE&HealthSciences, Performance Panel UniversityofEdinburgh,Edinburgh,UK SteveBackleyOBE SheelaghRodgersDClinPsycholMSCMBABA(Hons) RetiredInternationalOlympicAthlete;DesignatedPartner AreaClinicalPsychologist,NHSHighland,Inverness,UK atBackleyBlack NickolasC.SmithPhDCPsychol KevinBowringBEd PrincipalLecturer,SportandExercisePsychology, HeadofEliteCoachDevelopment,RugbyFootballUnion, DepartmentofSportandExerciseScience,Manchester Bristol,UK MetropolitanUniversity,Cheshire,UK SaraMatthews BrittTajet-FoxellBScMSc ArtisticDirector,CentralSchoolofBallet,London,UK CognitiveBehaviouralPsychotherapist,TheRoyalBallet, London,UK;CharteredPsychologist,Olympiatoppen, RayRoweBCULevel5Coach TheOlympicHighPerformanceCentre,Oslo,Norway Teacher,UK xvi Introduction Performance psychology: developing a peak performance culture Dave Collins GreyMatters/UCLan CHAPTER CONTENTS here is a guide to developing your own performance pathway, right from consideration of preparation Whatdowecoverandwhy? . . . . . . . . . . . 1 (earlyidentification/selection–ifthisisreallyadvanta- Whymightpsychology bedifferentfrom geous),throughprovision(ofsupport–structuringand othersupportdisciplines? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 managingyourtrainingandperformanceenvironment) Sohowdo wecoveritand why? . . . . . . . . 2 throughconsiderationsofpracticeandthementalskills Enfin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 stufftohelpyoutoensurethebestperformance. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 At the timeof writing thereseems to be anever increasingnumberofsubspecialismsinperformance support. On a personal level, I would always rather workinaninclusiveandinter/crossdisciplinefashion Timesarebad.Childrennolongerobeytheirparentsand toensurebenefitsfromthecomponentsubjectsand everyoneiswritingabook. theirinteractions.AsGandalfsays‘hethatbreaksa Cicero,c.43BC thing to find outwhat it is has left the path of wis- dom’(p.276).OK,that’sabitpretentious,butIdo So, on the basis that some things haven’t changed feelthattreatingcoaching,skillacquisitionandtalent muchsinceRomantimes,wedecidedtogettogether identificationasseparateconcernscarriessomerisk. withsomefriendsandcolleaguesandwriteoneour- Consequently, you will find them all covered, and selves.Ourmotivationinproducingthismagnificent hopefully integrated, in this text. tomewassimple;toattempttheprovisionofacom- prehensive guide for mental aspects of physical Why might psychology be performance. different from other support What do we cover and why? disciplines? There are loadsof textson sportpsychology,andan increasingnumberthatlookattheapplicationofthese Sportscienceisamulti-disciplinaryfieldconcernedwith techniques to other performance domains such as theunderstandingandenhancementofhumansporting performance.Sportsciencecanbethoughtofasa dance,musicand/orbusiness.Toourminds,however, scientificprocessusedtoguidethepracticeofsportwith thevastmajoritymaketheerrorofconcentratingon theultimateaimofimprovingsportingperformance.Itis the‘traditional’methodsofsportpsychology,namely aboutusingthebestavailableevidenceattherighttime,in the mental skills and strategies taught to athletes, therightenvironment,fortherightindividualtoimprove ratherthanconsideringeveryaspectoftheperformance theirperformance. environment.Insimpleterms,whatwetrytoprovide Bishop,2008,p.254 ã2011,ElsevierLtd. DOI:10.1016/B978-0-443-06734-1.00026-2
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