Performance of Sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Genotypes Against Shoot And Panicle ...

130 Pages·2016·6.46 MB·English

“Performance of Sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.)
Moench] Genotypes Against Shoot And Panicle
Pests And Impact Of Method And Application Time
Of Nitrogen On Their Incidence”

THESIS

Submitted to the
Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya,
Gwalior
In partial requirements of the fulfillment for the Degree of

MASTER OF SCIENCE

In

AGRICULTURE

ENTOMOLOGY

by

Dharmendra Ambiya

Department of Entomology,
Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya,
College of Agriculture, Indore (M.P.)

2015
CERTIFICATE - I

This is to certify that the thesis entitled “Performance of sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.)
Moench] genotypes against shoot and panicle pests and impact of method and application time
of nitrogen on their incidence”
submitted in partial fulfillment of the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURE
ENTOMOLOGY of Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, is a record of the
bonafide research work carried out by Mr. DHARMENDRA AMBIYA under my guidance and
supervision. The subject of the thesis has been approved by the Student’s Advisory Committee and the
Director of Instruction.
No part of the thesis has been submitted for any other degree or diploma or has been
published. All the assistance and help received during the course of these investigations has been
acknowledged by the scholar.

Signature
(Dr. S.N. Upadhyay)
Chairman of the Advisory Committee

MEMBER OF STUDENT’S ADVISORY COMMITTEE

1. Chairman (Dr. S.N. Upadhyay) : -----------------------------

2. Member (Dr. R.K.Choudhary) : -----------------------------

3. Member (Dr. R.S.S. Tomar ) : -----------------------------
CERTIFICATE – II

This is to certify that the thesis entitled “Performance of sorghum [ Sorghum
bicolor (L.) Moench] genotypes against shoot and panicle pests and impact of method and
application time of nitrogen on their incidence” submitted by Mr. DHARMENDRA AMBIYA to the
Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of Master of Science in AGRICULTURE in the Department of Entomology has been
accepted after evaluation by the external examiner and approved by the Student’s Advisory Committee
after an oral examination of the same.
Signature

(Dr. S.N. Upadhyay)
Chairman of Advisory Committee

MEMBERS OF THE ADVISORY COMMITTEE

1. Chairman (Dr. S.N. Upadhyay) : ------------------------

2. Member (Dr. R.K. Choudhary) : ------------------------

3. Member (Dr. R.S.S. Tomar) : -------------------------

Head of the Department : ----------------------------------------------

Dean of the college : ----------------------------------------------

Director Instruction : ----------------------------------------------
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I praise God for enabling me to accomplish this great task of thesis work in
his grace for his glory. I find no words to express my sincere feelings of gratitude
towards my most esteemed guide and Chairman of my Advisory Committee,
S.N.Upadhyay Professor Department of Entomology who deserves my most sincere
thanks and respect for inspiring and excellent guidance, contact, encouragement,
unceasing interest, constructive criticism and helping attitude throughout the
investigation and preparation of the manuscript.
I extend my sincere gratitude to other members of my advisory committee Dr
R.K. Chodhary Senior Scientist, AICSIP, College of Agriculture, Indore, and Dr.
R.S.S. Tomar, Professor, department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Indore, for
their suggestions and helping attitude during the research work.
I express my sincere thanks to Dr. S.N. Upadhyay Professor and H.S.
Department of Entomology. Dr. (smt.) M.Sharma, Associate Professor, Dr.
S.B.Singh, Assistant Professor, Department of Entomology. Dr.N.S.Thakur
Principal Scientist, AICSIP and especially thankful to Dr.B.B.Khuswaha, Scientist,
AICSIP, College of Agriculture, Indore, Dr.Usha Sexana, Assistant Professor,
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding and Dr. (smt.) Dipanita Gargav College
of Agriculture, Indore for their cooperation, encouragement and valuable advice
without their support the work could not be completely possible.
I am also extremely thankful to Shri P.C. Mehra, Lab technician, Department
of Entomology and Shri D. A. Ansari for extending the help during my research
work.
With profound respect, I wish to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. A.K.
Singh, Vice Chancellor RVSKVV Gwalior, Dr. R.L. RAJPUT, Director Instructions
(RVSKVV), Dr. H.S. Yadav, Director Research Services RVSKVV and Dr. A. M.
Rajput, Dean, College of Agriculture, Indore, (M.P) for providing necessary facilities
during the experiment.
I thank to my all friends those who helped me directly or indirectly during course of
investigation.
I find no rhetorical gems from the ocean of words to express my profound
feelings for my most venerable parents Shri Mansharam Ambiya and Smt. Kusum
Bai Ambiya who were always present in all my good and bad times. I also want to
express my profound feelings for my loving brother Narendra Ambiya, and Jitendra
Ambiya who have piloted me up to this stage and whose love, devotion, blessing and
care throughout my life enabled me to achieve this seemingly invincible goal.
Place : Indore Dharmendra
Date
LIST OF CONTENTS
Number Title Page No.
I. Introduction 01 - 03
II. Review of Literature 04 - 17
III. Material and Methods 18 - 32
IV. Results 33 - 65
V. Discussion 66- 79
VI. Summary, Conclusion and Suggestions for further 80 - 85
work
6.1 Summary 80 - 82
6.2 Conclusion 82 - 84
6.3 Suggestions for further work 85
Bibliography i-vi
Appendices vii-xiii
Vita
LIST OF TABLES
Table. Title Page
No. No.
3.2 Meteorological data recorded weekly at Indore (M.P.) during 19 - 20
kharif season (From June to December 2014)
3.3 Sorghum genotypes and their entry code 21-24
3.6.1 ANOVA for randomized block design 30
3.6.2 ANOVA for factorial randomized block design 31
4.1.1 Reaction of sorghum genotypes against shoot pests (shoot fly 36-39
and stem borer)
4.1.2 Reaction of sorghum genotypes against panical pests (Ear 41 - 43
head bug and Ear head worm)
4.1.3 Level of growth parameters in different sorghum genotypes 45 - 47
4.1.4 Yield attributing characters of different sorghum genotypes 49 - 53
4.2.1 Impact of application time of nitrogen and cultivar on the 55
incidence of shoot fly
4.2.2 Impact of application time of nitrogen and cultivar on the 57
incidence of stem borer
4.2.3 Impact of application time of nitrogen and cultivar on the 58
incidence Ear head pests
4.2.4 Level of growth parameters influenced by application time of 61
nitrogen and cultivar
4.2.5(A) Impact of application time of nitrogen and cultivar on yield 64
attributes
4.2.5(B) Impact of application time of nitrogen and cultivar on yield 65
attributes
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure. No. Title After
Pages
3.2 Metereological data from june to dec. 2014 (kharif 20
season)
4.1.1 (A, B, Reaction of Sorghum genotypes against Shoot Fly 39
C and D)
4.1.2(A,B,C, Reaction of Sorghum genotypes against Stem borer 39
and D)
4.1.3 (A, B, Reaction of Sorghum genotypes against Ear head 43
C, and D) pests
4.1.4 (A) Plant Population of different sorghum genotypes 47
4.1.4 (B) Plant Hieght (Cm.) of different sorghum genotypes 47
4.1.5 (A) Grain Yield Per plot (Kg.) of different sorghum 53
genotypes
4.1.5 (B) Grain Yield Kg /ha. of different sorghum genotypes 53
4.1.5 (C) Stover yield (Kg.) of different sorghum genotypes 53
4.1.5 (D) No. of grains / Ear Head of different sorghum 53
genotypes
4.2.1 Impact of nitrogen(method and application time) and 55
cultivar on incidence of Shoot Fly
4.2.2 Impact of nitrogen(method and application time) and 55
cultivar on incidence of Stem borer
4.2.3 Impact of nitrogen(method and application time) and 57
cultivar on incidence of Ear head pests
4.2.4 Impact of nitrogen(method and application time) and 57
cultivar on growth parameters
4.2.5 (A) Impact of nitrogen(method and application time) and 65
cultivar on Yield parameters
4.2.5 (B) Impact of nitrogen (method and application time) on 65
grain yield (Kg / plot) and per plot
LIST OF PLATES
Plate. Title After
No. Pages
1. A. Shoot Fly infested plants 26
B. Shoot fly forming dead hearts
2. Damage caused by Stem Borer at different crop stages 27
3. A. Ear head bug on sorghum panicle 28
B. Infested Ear head due to Ear head bug
4. Ear head Worm infestation on sorghum panicle 28
ABBREVIATIONS

S.N. Legends Description
1 S.N. Serial number
2 CD Critical difference
3 cm Centimeter
4 DAE Days After Emergence
5 Df Degrees of freedom
6 DAS Days after sowing
7 et al. Allied (and other)
8 g Gram
9 ha Hectare
10 i.e. That is (in reference to)
11 Kg Kilogram
12 max. Maximum
13 min. Minimum
14 N Nitrogen
15 MSS Mean Sum of Square
16 RH Relative humidity
17 cv. Cultivar
18 SE (m)± Standard error of mean
19 SMW Standard Meteorological Week
20 S.S. Sum of Square
21 S.V. Source of variance
22 Viz. Wide list
23 0C Degree Celsius
24 % Percent
25 RBD Randomized block design
26 C.V. Coefficient of variation
27 ANOVA Analysis of variance
28 EMS Error means sum of square
29 SFDH Shoot fly dead heart
30 SBDH Stem borer dead heart
31 SBST Stem borer stem tunneling
32 SBLI Stem borer leaf injury
33 Abaxial Lower leaf surface
34 Adaxial Upper leaf surface
35 GFS Grain filling stage
36 BLS Boot leaf stage
37 FS Foliar spray