Performance modeling and analysis of Bluetooth networks : polling, scheduling, and traffic control PDF
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AU3157_half title 6/14/05 10:36 AM Page 1 PERFORMANCE MODELING ANALYSIS AND BLUETOOTH OF NETWORKS © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. OTHER AUERBACH PUBLICATIONS Agent-Based Manufacturing and Control Mobile Computing Handbook Systems: New Agile Manufacturing Imad Mahgoub and Mohammad Ilyas Solutions for Achieving Peak Performance ISBN: 0849319714 Massimo Paolucci and Roberto Sacile ISBN: 1574443364 MPLS for Metropolitan Area Networks Curing the Patch Management Headache Nam-Kee Tan Felicia M. Nicastro ISBN: 084932212X ISBN: 0849328543 Multimedia Security Handbook Cyber Crime Investigator's Field Guide, Borko Furht and Darko Kirovski Second Edition ISBN: 0849327733 Bruce Middleton ISBN: 0849327687 Network Design: Management and Technical Perspectives, Second Edition Disassembly Modeling for Assembly, Teresa C. Piliouras Maintenance, Reuse and Recycling ISBN: 0849316081 A. J. D. Lambert and Surendra M. 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MISIC Boca Raton London New York Singapore © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. AU3157_Discl.fm Page 1 Tuesday, June 14, 2005 10:32 AM Published in 2006 by Auerbach Publications Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Auerbach is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number-10: 0-8493-3157-9 (Hardcover) International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-8493-3157-2 (Hardcover) Library of Congress Card Number 2005045358 This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use. No part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright.com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC) 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Misic, Jelena. Performance modeling and analysis of Bluetooth networks : polling, scheduling, and traffic control / Jelena Misic, Vojislav B. Misic. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8493-3157-9 (alk. paper) 1. Bluetooth technology. 2. Network performance (Telecommunication) I. Misic, Vojislav B. II. Title TJ5103.3.M57 2005 004.6'2—dc22 2005045358 Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com Taylor & Francis Group and the Auerbach Publications Web site at is the Academic Division of T&F Informa plc. http://www.auerbach-publications.com © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. toBratislavandVelibor © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. Contents 1 IntroductiontoBluetooth 1.1 Lowerlayersofthearchitecture: RFandbaseband 1.2 Higherlayersofthearchitecture: LMPandL2CAP 1.3 Datatransportandlinktypes 1.4 Connectionstateandrelatedmodes 1.5 Piconetformation: inquiryandpaging 2 Intra-piconetpollingschemes 2.1 Bluetoothcommunicationsandintra-piconetpolling 2.2 Classificationofpollingschemes 2.3 Onsegmentationandreassemblypolicies 2.4 Piconetmodelandperformanceindicators 3 Analysisofpollingschemes 3.1 Performanceofexhaustiveservice 3.2 Performanceof1-limitedservice 3.3 E-limitedpolling 3.4 Accessanddownlinkdelay 4 Theimpactoffinitebuffers 4.1 QueuelengthdistributioninimbeddedMarkovpoints 4.2 Uplinkqueuelengthdistribution 4.3 Experimentalresults 5 Admissioncontrol 5.1 Admissioncontrolbasedonqueuestability 5.2 Admissioncontrolbasedonaccessdelay 5.3 Admissioncontrolbasedoncycletime 6 PerformanceofTCPtraffic 6.1 Systemmodelandrelatedwork 6.2 TCPwindowsize 6.3 Queueinganalysisofthetokenbucketfilter 6.4 Theoutgoingqueueatthebasebandlevel 6.5 Performanceassessment © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. 7 Piconetswithsynchronoustraffic 7.1 Whythebuilt-inSCOlinksarebad 7.2 pSCO:animprovedschemeforsynchronoustraffic 7.3 PerformanceofthepSCOscheme 8 Adaptivepollingandpredefineddelaybounds 8.1 Adaptivebandwidthallocation 8.2 Adaptivepollingwithcyclecontrol: theACLSscheme 8.3 ACLSperformance 8.4 ImprovingtheperformanceofACLS 9 Scatternetformation 9.1 Introduction 9.2 BSFinsingle-hopnetworks 9.3 BSFinmulti-hopnetworks 9.4 Conclusions 10 Bridgetopologiesandscheduling 10.1 Bridgetopologies 10.2 Approachestobridgescheduling 10.3 Bridgeschedulinginpractice 10.4 Thequeueingmodelandtrafficassumptions 11 Rendezvous-basedbridgescheduling 11.1 MSbridgetopology 11.2 Packetdelays: theMSbridgecas 11.3 PerformanceoftheMSbridge 11.4 SSbridgetopology 11.5 Packetdelays: theSSbridgecase 11.6 PerformanceoftheSSbridge 12 Adaptivebridgescheduling 12.1 Minimizationofdelays 12.2 Adaptivemanagement: thecaseoftheMSbridge 12.3 Adaptivemanagement: thecaseoftheSSbridge 13 Walk-inbridgescheduling 13.1 Scatternetmodel 13.2 Service,vacation,andcycletimes 13.3 Calculatingthepacketdelays 13.4 Stabilityconsiderations 13.5 Scalability © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. 14 Scatternetwithfinitebuffers 14.1 Scatternetmodelwithfinitebuffers 14.2 Uplink/downlinkqueuelengthdistributioninMarkovpoints 14.3 Service,vacation,andcycletimes 14.4 Blockingprobabilityandpacketdelays 14.5 Simulationresults A ProbabilitygeneratingfunctionsandLaplacetransforms References © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. List of Figures 1.1 Basic blocks of the Bluetooth core system architecture 1.2 Bluetooth piconet is a group of devices within the radio range that share the physical radio channel 1.3 TDD master-slave communication in Bluetooth. Gray triangles de- notedatapackets,whitetrianglesdenoteempty(POLLandNULL) packets 1.4 Generic data transport architecture 1.5 Overview of transport architecture entities and hierarchy 1.6 Connection states and modes 1.7 Pertaining to the operation of the HOLD mode 1.8 Message exchange during the negotiation of the switch to HOLD mode 1.9 Pertaining to the operation of the SNIFF mode 1.10 Message exchange to negotiate and terminate SNIFF mode 2.1 Bluetooth piconet as a single-server, multiple-input polling system 2.2 BNEPprotocolstack,adaptedfrom[BluetoothSIG,2001a] 2.3 BNEP Ethernet packet segmentation 2.4 The queueing model of the Bluetooth piconet 3.1 Timing diagram of exhaustive polling 3.2 Pertaining to the concept of server vacation 3.3 Timingdiagramof1-limitedpolling 3.4 End-to-end delay (in units of T = 625µs) vs. packet burst arrival rateλandmeanburstsize B 3.5 Performance of exhaustive and 1-limited polling schemes 3.6 TimingdiagramofE-limitedpolling 3.7 Probabilities that the slave uplink queue contains 0, 1, or 2 packets uponreturnfromthevacationasfunctionsofthetotalpiconetload andvariationofloadamongtheslaves 3.8 MeancycletimeC asafunctionofthetotalpiconetloadandvaria- tionofloadamongtheslaves 3.9 Analyticalandsimulationresultsforaccessandend-to-enddelayas functionsofburstarrivalrateandmeanburstsize. 3.10 Packetdelaysasfunctionsofmeanburstsizeandthepollingparam- eter M © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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