Peoples of the Apocalypse: Eschatological Beliefs and Political Scenarios PDF
Preview Peoples of the Apocalypse: Eschatological Beliefs and Political Scenarios
Peoples of the Apocalypse Millennium-Studien zu Kultur und Geschichte des ersten Jahrtausends n. Chr. Millennium Studies in the culture and history of the first millennium C.E. Herausgegeben von / Edited by Wolfram Brandes, Alexander Demandt, Helmut Krasser, Hartmut Leppin, Peter von Möllendorff, Karla Pollmann Volume 63 Peoples of the Apocalypse Eschatological Beliefs and Political Scenarios Edited by Wolfram Brandes, Felicitas Schmieder and Rebekka Voß Diese Publikation wurde im Rahmen des an der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek durchgeführten und durch das Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung geförderten Vorhabens 16TOA021 – Reihentransformation für die Altertumswissenschaften („Millennium Studien“) mit Mitteln des DFG-geförderten Projekts Fachinformationsdienst Altertumswissenschaften – Propylaeum im Open Access bereitgestellt. Dieses Werk ist lizenziert unter der Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Lizenz. Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Die Bedingungen der Creative-Commons-Lizenz gelten nur für Originalmaterial. Die Wiederverwen- dung von Material aus anderen Quellen (gekennzeichnet mit Quellenangabe) wie z.B. Schaubilder, Abbildungen, Fotos und Textauszüge erfordert ggf. weitere Nutzungsgenehmigungen durch den jeweiligen Rechteinhaber. ISBN 978-3-11-046949-3 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-047331-5 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-047263-9 ISSN 1862-1139 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2016 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck ♾ Printed on acid-free paper Printed in Germany www.degruyter.com Contents Wolfram Brandes, Felicitas Schmieder, Rebekka Voß Introduction 1 I Kriegerische Völker / Warsome Peoples Veronika Wieser Roms wilde Völker: Grenzüberschreitungen und Untergangsstimm(ung)en im letzten Jahrhundert des römischen Imperiums 23 Katharina Enderle Der Perserkrieg unter Anastasios (502–506 n.Chr.) als Endzeitereignis 51 Lutz Greisiger Opening the Gates of the North in 627: War, Anti-Byzantine Sentiment and Apocalyptic Expectancy in the Near East Prior to the Arab Invasion 63 II Unbekannte Völker / Unknown Peoples Gregor Werner Travelling towards the peoples of the Endtime: Cde Bridia as religious re- interpretation of Carpini 83 Petra Waffner Die Völker der Endzeit im französischen Livre de Sidrac (13. Jh.) 97 Felicitas Schmieder Gogs und Magogs ‚natürliche Milde‘? Die Mongolen als Endzeitvölker im Wandel von Wissen und Wünschen 111 III Jüdische Völker der Endzeit / Jewish Peoples of the Apocalypse Alexandra Cuffel Jewish Tribes and Women in the Genesis and Battle of the Dajjāl: Nuʿayim ibn Ḥammād al-Khuzāʿī al-Marwzī’s Kitāb al-Fitan 129 VI Contents Zaroui Pogossian Jews in Armenian Apocalyptic Traditions of the 12th century: a Fictional Community or New Encounters? 147 Moti Benmelech Back to the Future: The Ten Tribes and Messianic Hopes in Jewish Society during the Early Modern Age 193 IV Muslimische Perspektiven / Muslim Perspectives Anna Akasoy Al-Andalus and the Andalusisin the Islamic Apocalyptic Tradition 213 David Cook The Image of the Turk in Classical and Modern Muslim Apocalyptic Literature 225 V Protestantische Lesarten / Protestant Variants Pavlína Cermanová Gog and Magog: Using Concepts of Apocalyptic Enemies in the Hussite era 239 Frances Courtney Kneupper The Wirsberger Brothers: Contesting Spiritual Authority through Prophecy 257 Anselm Schubert Nova Israhelis republica. Das Täuferreich von Münster 1534/35 als wahres Israel 271 Andreas Pečar Englands Heil und die Gottesfeinde Gog und Magog. Die bedrohte politische Identität Englands als ‚protestant nation‘ (1588–1640) 285 VI Nicht-apokalyptische Völker der Endzeit / Non‐Apocalyptic Peoples of the Apocalypse James T. Palmer Apocalyptic Outsiders and their Uses in the Early Medieval West 307 Contents VII Anke Holdenried Christian Moral Decline: A New Context for the Sibylla Tiburtina (Ms Escorial &.I.3) 321 Delia Kottmann The Apocalyptic Cycle of the Romanesque Murals in the Narthex of Saint-Savin- sur-Gartempe (Vienne): Do They Illustrate Political Ideas of the Gregorian Reform? 337 Index 353 Wolfram Brandes, Felicitas Schmieder, Rebekka Voß Introduction Thethreemajormonotheisticworldreligions,Judaism,ChristianityandIslam,incor- porate the idea that God created the world and, at the end of time,will destroy it. ThentheMessiah,thereturningChristortheMahdiwillsavetherighteouswhilesin- nerswill,togetherwiththeirevil,becondemnedtoeternalperdition.Inthepre-mod- ern epochs studied here (the fourth-to-seventeenth centuries of the Common Era), these framing predictions were commonly known, accepted as natural conditions ofhumanexistenceand,consequently,weretakenveryseriously.Giventheirshared claimasrevealedreligions,theypossessfairlydetaileddivineindicationsaboutthe End,theiradherentswere,therefore,everinspiredtoreadholytextsinsearchofnew interpretationsofdivinevisions.Asaresultofsuchquests,prophetsurgedpeopleto changetheircourse,oftenwithamoralmessage,andinstructedthemtofulfillmore or less specific actions in preparation for the world’s imminent End. Thus,thesemonotheisticreligions,includingtheirinternalvariants(e.g.Sephar- dicandAshkenazicJudaism;Latin,ByzantineandArmenianChristianity;Shiiteand SunniteIslam),establisheditsownend-timescenario,eachwithawell-knownorder ofbasiceventsandembellishedinnumerousregionalorlocalstorylines.Thesesce- narios did not emerge independently within a given religious culture; rather, their developmentresultedfromvividexchangesandreactionsamongthem.Whetherdi- rectly or by reputation, members of these religious communities knew each other, despisedorfearedoneanother,andenvisionedtheircounterpartsaseschatological enemiesor,lesscommonly,aseschatologicalallies.Knowledgeofanotherreligion’s teachingsoftenpromptedanopposingpositionintheformofacounter-eschatology, apre-moderntypeofentangledhistorythathasreceivedlittlescholarlyattentionto date. Thisvolumeemergesfromthethirdinaseriesofconferencesthathaveeachad- dressed one shared element in Christian, Jewish and Muslim texts on events that wouldanticipatetheendtimeandthecloseofhistory.Ateachgathering,whilecon- sideringsources that span late Antiquity tothe early modern period,the participat- ingscholarsexamineddistinctiveaspectsrepresentedbyeachreligion’sapproachas wellasinterlacedconcepts.Thefirstoftheseconferencescomparedtangiblenotions of the end time in the three monotheistic religions;¹ the next examined the central antagonist depicted in each religion’s end-time predictions,who would oppose its savior, namely: the Antichrist in Christianity, Armilos in Judaism and the Dajjāl in Islam.² Endzeiten.EschatologieindenmonotheistischenWeltreligionen,ed.WolframBrandes/Felicitas Schmieder,Berlin(Millennium-Studien). Antichrist. Konstruktionen von Feindbildern, ed.Wolfram Brandes / Felicitas Schmieder, Berlin .
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