Pediatric Transplant and Oncology Infectious Diseases

388 Pages·2020·13.329 MB·English

by  William J. Steinbach MD

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2015v1.0
Pediatric Transplant
Oncology
and
Infectious Diseases

Pediatric Transplant
Oncology
and
Infectious Diseases
William J. Steinbach, MD Lara A. Danziger-Isakov, MD, MPH
Samuel L. Katz Professor of Pediatrics Professor of Pediatrics
Professor in Molecular Genetics and Microbiology Director, Immunocompromised Host Infectious
Chief, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Diseases
Director, Duke Pediatric Immunocompromised Division of Infectious Diseases
Host Program Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
Director, International Pediatric Fungal Network University of Cincinnati
Duke University School of Medicine Cincinnati, Ohio
Durham, North Carolina
Brian T. Fisher, DO, MPH, MSCE
Michael D. Green, MD, MPH
Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Epidemiology
Professor of Pediatrics, Surgery and Clinical and Senior Scholar, Penn Center for Clinical Epidemiology
Translational Science and Biostatistics
Co-Director, Transplant Infectious Diseases Co-Director, International Pediatric Fungal Network
Division of Infectious Diseases Chair, Infectious Diseases Subcommittee for the
UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh Children’s Oncology Group
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
Perelman School of Medicine at the University of
Marian G. Michaels, MD, MPH Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Professor of Pediatrics and Surgery
Co-Director, Transplant Infectious Diseases
Division of Infectious Diseases
UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Elsevier
1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd.
Ste 1800
Philadelphia, PA 19103-899
PEDIATRIC TRANSPLANT AND ONCOLOGY INFECTIOUS DISEASES ISBN: 978-0-323-64198-2
Copyright © 2021 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
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This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher
(other than as may be noted herein).
Notice
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience
broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment
may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating
and using any information, methods, compounds or experiments described herein. Because of rapid
advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages
should be made. To the fullest extent of the law, no responsibility is assumed by Elsevier, authors, editors
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Printed in China
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
To all the pediatric transplant recipients, children with cancer, and their families, who are
the true inspiration for this textbook and who put their trust in us to help them through
their illness. We also dedicate this book to the organ donors and their families, who give the
ultimate gift and allow transplantation to be a reality.
To my wife, Dr. Susan Emmett, my children, Amelia and Aidan Steinbach, my parents,
Dr. Charles and Katherine Steinbach, and my in-laws, Dr. John and Karen Emmett.
William J. Steinbach, MD
To my children, David, Erin, Molly, and Allison, my granddaughter, Lyla, and my wife,
Jenny, who has been my partner and best friend for the past 36 years.
Michael D. Green, MD, MPH
To my parents, Dr. Milton and Lois Michaels, and my mentor, Dr. Ellen Wald, for their
continued support and wisdom.
Marian G. Michaels, MD, MPH
To my husband, Ronnen Isakov, my children, Avital and Gavin Isakov, and my parents,
Nancy and Nathan Danziger, for their limitless support.
Lara A. Danziger-Isakov, MD, MPH
To my wife, Megan Fisher, for her constant love, continuous support, and limitless
encouragement, to my children, Makenzie, Bradan, and Luke, for sacrificing their
time with Dad for this effort, and to my parents, Tim and Kathy, for encouraging
us to reach our dreams.
Brian T. Fisher, DO, MPH, MSCE
v
C O N T R I B U TO R S
Chapter 1 University of Cincinnati Chair, Infectious Diseases Subcommittee for
Yeh-Chung Chang, MD, MSCE Cincinnati, Ohio the Children’s Oncology Group
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Division of Infectious Diseases
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Chapter 5 Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
Duke University School of Medicine Marian G. Michaels, MD, MPH Perelman School of Medicine at the
Durham, North Carolina Professor of Pediatrics and Surgery University of Pennsylvania
Co-Director, Transplant Infectious Diseases Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Andrew Barbas, MD Division of Infectious Diseases
Assistant Professor of Surgery UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh Lillian Sung, MD, PhD
Division of Abdominal Transplant Surgery University of Pittsburgh School of Professor
Duke University School of Medicine Medicine Division of Haematology/Oncology
Durham, North Carolina Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Department of Pediatrics and Institute of
Health Policy Management and Evaluation
Chapter 2 Michael D. Green, MD, MPH The Hospital for Sick Children
Jasmeen Dara, MD, MS Professor of Pediatrics, Surgery and Clinical University of Toronto
Assistant Professor of Clinical Pediatrics and Translational Science Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Co-Director, Transplant Infectious Diseases
Transplantation Division of Infectious Diseases Chapter 9
University of California—San Francisco UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh Klara M. Posfay-Barbe, MD, MS
San Francisco, California University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Professor of Pediatrics
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Head of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Christopher C. Dvorak, MD Children’s Hospital of Geneva
Chapter 6
Professor of Clinical Pediatrics University Hospitals of Geneva
Gabriela M. Marón Alfaro, MD, MS
Chief, Division of Pediatric Allergy, Geneva, Switzerland
Associate Member
Immunology, and Blood and Marrow
Department of Infectious Diseases
Transplantation Natasha Halasa, MD, MPH
St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital
University of California—San Francisco Associate Professor of Pediatrics
Memphis, Tennessee
San Francisco, California Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at
Hayley A. Gans, MD
Chapter 3 Vanderbilt
Professor of Pediatrics
Neil Patel, PharmD, BCOP Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Department of Pharmacy Nashville, Tennessee
Stanford University School of Medicine
Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
Stanford, California
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Chapter 10
Matthew S. Kelly, MD, MPH
Chapter 7
Abby Green, MD Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
Michele Estabrook, MD
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Assistant Professor of Global Health
Professor of Pediatrics
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Duke University School of Medicine
Washington University in St. Louis
St. Louis Children’s Hospital Durham, North Carolina
St. Louis, Missouri
Washington University in St. Louis
St. Louis, Missouri Monica I. Ardura, DO, MSCS Michael A. Silverman, MD, PhD
Associate Professor of Pediatrics Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
Chapter 4 Medical Director, Host Defense Program Division of Infectious Diseases
Rebecca Pellett Madan, MD, MS Division of Infectious Diseases Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
Associate Professor of Pediatrics Nationwide Children’s Hospital Perelman School of Medicine at the
Division of Infectious Diseases The Ohio State University University of Pennsylvania
New York University Langone School of Columbus, Ohio Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Medicine
New York, New York Chapter 8 Chapter 11
Brian T. Fisher, DO, MPH, MSCE Joshua Wolf, MBBS, PhD, FRACP
Lara A. Danziger-Isakov, MD, MPH Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Associate Member
Professor of Pediatrics Epidemiology Department of Infectious Diseases
Director, Immunocompromised Host Senior Scholar, Penn Center for Clinical St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital
Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Biostatistics Assistant Professor
Division of Infectious Diseases Co-Director, International Pediatric Fungal Department of Pediatrics
Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center Network University of Tennessee Health Science Center
Memphis, Tennessee
vi
CONTRIBUTORS vii
Jeffrey S. Gerber, MD, PhD Clinical Director, Division of Infectious University of Cincinnati
Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Diseases Cincinnati, Ohio
Epidemiology UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh
Division of Infectious Diseases University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Tanvi Sharma, MD, MPH
Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
Perelman School of Medicine at the University Division of Infectious Diseases
of Pennsylvania Pranita D. Tamma, MD, MHS Department of Pediatrics
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Associate Professor of Pediatrics Harvard Medical School
Division of Infectious Diseases Boston, Massachusetts
Michael J. Smith, MD, MSCE Program Director, Pediatric Antimicrobial
Associate Professor of Pediatrics Stewardship Chapter 18
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Johns Hopkins University School of Michael D. Green, MD, MPH
Medical Director, Pediatric Antimicrobial Medicine Professor of Pediatrics, Surgery and Clinical
Stewardship Baltimore, Maryland and Translational Science
Duke University School of Medicine Co-Director, Transplant Infectious Diseases
Durham, North Carolina Chapter 15 Division of Infectious Diseases
Daniel Dulek, MD UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh
Chapter 12 Assistant Professor of Pediatrics University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Ibukunoluwa C. Akinboyo, MD Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Medical Director, Peter F. Wright
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Immunocompromised Pediatric Thomas Gross, Jr., MD, PhD
Medical Director, Pediatric Infection Infectious Diseases Service Deputy Director of Science
Prevention Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Center for Global Health
Duke University School of Medicine Vanderbilt National Cancer Institute
Durham, North Carolina Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Rockville, Maryland
Nashville, Tennessee
Dawn Nolt, MD, MPH Upton D. Allen, MBBS
Associate Professor of Pediatrics Victoria A. Statler, MD, MSc Professor
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Assistant Professor Pediatrics and Institute of Health Policy,
Doernbecher Children’s Hospital Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Management & Evaluation
Oregon Health and Science University Medical Director, Pediatric Transplant/ Senior Associate Scientist and Chief
Portland, Oregon Immunocompromised Host Infectious Division of Infectious Diseases
Diseases Service The Hospital for Sick Children
Chapter 13 Norton Children’s Hospital University of Toronto
Blanca E. Gonzalez, MD University of Louisville School of Medicine Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Associate Professor of Pediatrics Louisville, Kentucky
Center for Pediatric Infectious Diseases Chapter 19
Cleveland Clinic Children’s Hospital Chapter 16 William J. Muller, MD, PhD
Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine Flor M. Munoz, MD, MSc Associate Professor of Pediatrics
of Case Western Reserve University Associate Professor of Pediatrics Division of Infectious Diseases
Cleveland, Ohio Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital
Diseases Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern
Marian G. Michaels, MD, MPH Texas Children’s Hospital University
Professor of Pediatrics and Surgery Baylor College of Medicine Chicago, Illinois
Co-Director, Transplant Infectious Diseases Houston, Texas
Division of Infectious Diseases Betsy C. Herold, M.D.
UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh Philana Ling Lin, MD, MSc Harold and Muriel Block Chair in Pediatrics
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Associate Professor of Pediatrics Vice Chair for Research, Department of
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Division of Infectious Diseases Pediatrics
UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh Chief, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Chapter 14 University of Pittsburgh School of Professor, Pediatrics & Microbiology-
Mehreen Arshad, MBBS Medicine Immunology
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Albert Einstein College of Medicine and the
Division of Infectious Diseases Children’s Hospital at Montefiore
Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Chapter 17 Bronx, New York
Hospital Lara A. Danziger-Isakov, MD, MPH
Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern Professor of Pediatrics Chapter 20
University Director, Immunocompromised Host Debra J. Lugo, MD
Chicago, Illinois Infectious Diseases Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
Division of Infectious Diseases Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Andrew Nowalk, MD, PhD Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Duke University School of Medicine
Associate Professor of Pediatrics Center Durham, North Carolina
viii CONTRIBUTORS
Danielle M. Zerr, MD, MPH Chapter 24 Department of Pediatrics
Professor and Chief, Division of Pediatric William J. Steinbach, MD Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Infectious Diseases Samuel L. Katz Professor of Pediatrics Albert Einstein College of Medicine and
University of Washington Professor in Molecular Genetics and Children’s Hospital at Montefiore
Center for Clinical and Translational Research Microbiology Bronx, New York
Seattle Children’s Research Institute Chief, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Seattle, Washington Director, Duke Pediatric Immunocompromised David L. Goldman, MD
Host Program Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Microbiology
Chapter 21 Director, International Pediatric Fungal & Immunology
Alpana Waghmare, MD Network Director of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Assistant Professor Duke University School of Medicine Fellowship
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Durham, North Carolina Albert Einstein College of Medicine and
University of Washington Children’s Hospital at Montefiore
Center for Clinical and Translational Research Chapter 25 Bronx, New York
Seattle Children’s Research Institute Rachel L. Wattier, MD, MHS
Seattle, Washington Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Chapter 28
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and John C. Christenson, MD
Janet A. Englund, MD Global Health Professor of Clinical Pediatrics
Professor University of California—San Francisco Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases San Francisco, California Diseases and Global Health
University of Washington Riley Hospital for Children
Center for Clinical and Translational Research William J. Steinbach, MD Indiana University School of Medicine
Seattle Children’s Research Institute Samuel L. Katz Professor of Pediatrics Indianapolis, Indiana
Professor in Molecular Genetics and
Seattle, Washington
Microbiology Thomas G. Fox, MD
Chapter 22 Chief, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
Diana F. Florescu, MD Director, Duke Pediatric Immunocompromised Division of Infectious Diseases
Professor of Internal Medicine Host Program Emory University School of Medicine
Courtesy Professor of Surgery Director, International Pediatric Fungal Atlanta, Georgia
Network
Nebraska Medical Center
Duke University School of Medicine
University of Nebraska Chapter 29
Durham, North Carolina
Lincoln, Nebraska Sharon F. Chen, MD, MS
Associate Professor of Pediatrics
Chapter 26
Erica J. Stohs, MD, MPH Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Jennifer E. Schuster, MD, MSCI
Assistant Professor of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine
Associate Professor of Pediatrics
Associate Medical Director, Antimicrobial Stanford, California
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Stewardship
Children’s Mercy Kansas City
Nebraska Medical Center Hayley A. Gans, MD
University of Missouri-Kansas City
University of Nebraska Professor of Pediatrics
Kansas City, Missouri
Lincoln, Nebraska Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Stanford University School of Medicine
Brian T. Fisher, DO, MPH, MSCE
Chapter 23 Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Stanford, California
Benjamin L. Laskin, MD, MSc Epidemiology
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Senior Scholar, Penn Center for Clinical Chapter 30
Division of Nephrology Epidemiology and Biostatistics Grant C. Paulsen, MD
Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Co-Director, International Pediatric Fungal Professor
Perelman School of Medicine at the University Network Director, Pediatric Infectious Diseases
of Pennsylvania Chair, Infectious Diseases Subcommittee for Fellowship
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania the Children’s Oncology Group Division of Infectious Diseases
Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
Division of Infectious Diseases
Hans H. Hirsch, MD, MSc Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia University of Cincinnati
Professor Perelman School of Medicine at the Cincinnati, Ohio
Transplantation and Clinical Virology University of Pennsylvania
Department of Biomedicine Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Paul K. Sue, MD
University of Basel Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
Diagnostic Virology and Laboratory Medicine Chapter 27 Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology Philip Lee, PharmD University of Texas Southwestern Medical
University Hospital Basel Clinical Pharmacist for Pediatric Center
Basel, Switzerland Infectious Disease Dallas, Texas