Pediatric Skills for Occupational Therapy Assistants PDF
Preview Pediatric Skills for Occupational Therapy Assistants
Pediatric Skills for Occupational Therapy Assistants FOURTH EDITION Jean Welch Solomon, MHS, OTR/L, FAOTA Occupational Therapist, Berkeley County School District, Moncks Corner, South Carolina Jane Clifford O'Brien, PhD, MS, EdL, OTR/L, FAOTA Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of New England, Portland, Maine 2 Table of Contents Cover image Title page Copyright Dedication Contributors Preface Acknowledgments 1. Scope of Practice Centennial Vision Occupational Therapy Practice Framework The Occupational Therapy Process Roles of the Occupational Therapist and Occupational Therapy Assistant Qualifications, Supervision, and Service Competency AOTA Code of Ethics Scholarship Summary 2. Family Systems The Importance of Families Current Issues Affecting Occupational Therapy Practitioners and Families Family Systems Theory Family Life Cycle Family Adaptation Essential Skills for Successful Intervention with Families Summary 3. Medical Systems Medical Care Settings Moving Through the Medical System Continuum 3 Role of Occupational Therapy in the Pediatric Medical System Interprofessional Collaboration Documentation Modalities Reimbursement Challenges for OT Practitioners Working in the Medical System Summary 4. Educational Systems Clinical Models Versus Educational Models Federal Laws Rights of Parents and Children Identification and Referral Evaluation Eligibility Individual Educational Program Transitions Roles of the Occupational Therapist and the Occupational Therapy Assistant Types of Service Discontinuing Therapy Services Tips for Working with Parents and Teachers Summary 5. Community Systems Community-Based and Community-Built Practice Therapeutic Use of Self Public Health Influence Community Mental Health Movement Community Occupational Therapy Interventions Challenges in Practice in Community Systems Summary 6. Principles of Normal Development General Considerations Periods of Development Principles of Normal Development Summary 7. Development of Performance Skills Performance Skills Infancy Early Childhood 4 Middle Childhood Adolescence Summary 8. Development of Occupations Activities of Daily Living Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Rest and Sleep Education Work/Vocational Activities Play/Leisure Activities Social Participation Summary 9. Adolescent Development Adolescence Stages of Adolescent Development Physical Development and Puberty Cognitive Development Psychosocial Development Occupational Performance in Adolescence The Context of Adolescent Development Navigating Adolescence with a Disability OT Practitioner’s Role and Responsibilities Summary 10. The Occupational Therapy Process Roles of the Occupational Therapist and the Occupational Therapy Assistant in the Occupational Therapy Process Models of Practice Referral, Screening, and Evaluation Intervention Planning, Goal Setting, and Treatment Implementation Reevaluation and Discontinuation of Intervention Occupation-Centered Top-Down Approach Summary 11. Anatomy and Physiology for the Pediatric Practitioner Terminology, Planes, and Axes Skeletal System Muscular System Integumentary System Cardiovascular System Respiratory System 5 Nervous System Endocrine System Digestive System Urinary System Lymphatic System Immune System Reproductive System Relationship Between Body Structures and Functions and Occupational Performance Summary 12. Neuroscience for the Pediatric Practitioner Three Divisions of the Nervous System Neuroembryology and Neuroplastcity Cerebrum: Hemispheres, Lobes, and Vasculature Brainstem and Cranial Nerves Spinal Cord Ascending and Descending Pathways Cerebellum and Basal Ganglia Peripheral Nervous System The Neuron Occupational Performance Relationship Summary 13. Pediatric Health Conditions Orthopedic Conditions Genetic Conditions Neurologic Conditions Developmental Conditions Cardiopulmonary System Sensory System Conditions Other Pediatric Health Conditions Neoplastic Disorders Immunologic Conditions Environmentally Induced and Acquired Conditions Summary 14. Childhood and Adolescent Psychosocial and Mental Health Disorders Understanding Psychosocial and Mental Health Disorders Neurodevelopmental Disorders Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders Anxiety Disorders Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders 6 Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders Depressive Disorders Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders Feeding and Eating Disorders Elimination Disorders Sleep–Wake Disorders Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders Implications for Occupational Performance Data Gathering and Evaluation Intervention Therapeutic Use of Self Summary 15. Childhood and Adolescent Obesity Childhood and Adolescent Obesity: Contributing Factors Psychosocial Consequences of Growing up Obese Occupational Therapy: Prevention, Intervention Approaches, and Strategies Therapeutic Approaches Individual Intervention Strategies Group and Community Interventions Summary 16. Intellectual Disabilities Definition Measurement and Classification Etiology and Prevalence Performance in Areas of Occupation Client Factors: Functional Implications and OT Interventions Roles of the Occupational Therapist and the Occupational Therapy Assistant Summary 17. Cerebral Palsy Progression of Atypical Movement Patterns Primary and Secondary Impairments Frequency and Causes Posture, Postural Control, and Movement Righting, Equilibrium, and Protective Reactions Postural Development and Motor Control Classification and Distribution Functional Implications and Associated Problems Roles of the Occupational Therapist and the Occupational Therapy Assistant Summary 7 18. Positioning and Handling: A Neurodevelopmental Approach Typical Motor Development General Considerations Positioning as a Therapuetic Tool Mobility Therapeutic Positioning Neurodevelopmental Treatment Summary 19. Activities of Daily Living and Sleep/Rest ADLs and Sleep/Rest: A Collaborative Approach to Intervention A Developmental Perspective of ADLs and Sleep/Rest Co-Occupation Evaluation to Intervention Intervention Strategies to Promote ADLs and Sleep/Rest Summary 20. Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Cognitive and Executive Functioning Developmental Considerations and Transition Communication Management Community Mobility and Driving Financial Management, Shopping, and Care of Pets Health Management and Maintenance Home Establishment and Maintenance Meal Preparation and Cleanup Safety Procedures and Emergency Responses Summary 21. Play and Playfulness Play Playfulness Nature of Play and Playfulness Play Development of Children with Disabilities Influence of Environment on Play Relevance of Play Role of the Occupational Therapist and the Occupational Therapy Assistant During Play Assessment Techniques to Promote Play and Playfulness Summary 22. Functional Task at School: Handwriting Developmental Sequence 8 Performance Skills and Client Factors that Influence Handwriting Evaluation of Handwriting Skills Considerations for Handwriting Intervention Assistive Technology for Success in Written Expression Sample OT Intervention Session: “Pull-Out” Group Session Sample OT Intervention Session: Inclusive Group Session Occupational Therapist/OTA Roles in Handwriting Assessment and Intervention Summary 23. Therapeutic Media: Activity with Purpose Background and Rationale of Therapeutic Media Selection of Therapeutic Media Role of the Occupational Therapy Assistant and the Occupational Therapist in Selecting Therapeutic Media Use of Therapeutic Media Activities Summary 24. Motor Control and Motor Learning Principles of Motor Learning Principles of Motor Control Applying Motor Learning Concepts to Practice Application of Motor Control Concepts to Practice Summary 25. Sensory Processing/Integration and Occupation Impact of Sensory Processing Dysfunction on Infant and Early Childhood Occupation What Causes Sensory Processing Disorders? Screening and Assessment of Sensory Processing Sensory Modulation Disorder Sensory-Based Movement Disorder Intervention Promoting Different Levels of Sensory Processing and Motor Control Summary 26. Applying the Model of Human Occupation to Pediatric Practice What is the Model of Human Occupation? MOHO Therapeutic Strategies MOHO Concepts: Client Factors MOHO Concepts: Environmental Factors The Interaction Between Client and Environmental Factors During Participation MOHO-Based Assessments for Pediatric Practice Contexts MOHO and the AOTA Practice Framework 9 Summary 27. Assistive Technology Definitions Assistive Technology Team Role of the Certified Occupational Therapy Assistant Characteristics of Assistive Technology Assistive Technology Myths and Realities Assistive Technology Assessment Assistive Technology for Pediatrics Funding for Assistive Technology Summary 28. Orthoses, Orthotic Fabrication, and Elastic Therapeutic Taping for the Pediatric Population Definitions Goals of Orthotic Fabrication Types of Orthoses Naming Systems Principles of Orthotic Fabrication Fabrication Tips Safety Precautions Elastic Therapeutic Taping Summary 29. Animal-Assisted Activities and Therapy Definitions Small Animals Large Animals Benefits of Animal-Assisted Therapy Pet-Assisted Therapy Equine-Assisted Therapy Incorporating Animals into Pediatric Occupational Therapy Practice Summary Glossary Index 10
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