Pediatric Orthopedic Trauma Case Atlas PDF
Preview Pediatric Orthopedic Trauma Case Atlas
Christopher A. Iobst Steven L. Frick Editors Pediatric Orthopedic Trauma Case Atlas Pediatric Orthopedic Trauma Case Atlas (cid:129) Christopher A. Iobst Steven L. Frick Editors Pediatric Orthopedic Trauma Case Atlas With961Figuresand18Tables Editors ChristopherA.Iobst StevenL.Frick CenterforLimbLengtheningand DepartmentofOrthopaedicSurgery Reconstruction StanfordUniversitySchoolofMedicine DepartmentofOrthopedicSurgery PediatricOrthopaedicSurgery NationwideChildren’sHospital LucilePackardChildren’sHospital Columbus,OH,USA Stanford,CA,USA CollegeofMedicine DepartmentofOrthopaedicSurgery OhioStateUniversity Columbus,OH,USA ISBN978-3-319-29979-2 ISBN978-3-319-29980-8(eBook) ISBN978-3-319-30860-9(printandelectronicbundle) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29980-8 ©SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2020 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialis concerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting,reproduction onmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation, computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublicationdoesnot imply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevantprotectivelawsand regulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthors,andtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthisbookarebelievedto betrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsortheeditorsgiveawarranty, expressedorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinorforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeen made.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregardtojurisdictionalclaimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Preface WeareprivilegedtopresenttoyouthefirsteditionofthePediatricOrthopedicTraumaCase Atlas.Ifyouscrollthroughthetableofcontents,youwillnoticethatmanyofthesectioneditors andchapterauthorsofthisbookarecurrentorformerNemourspediatricorthopedicsurgeons. Bydesign,thistextbookwasoriginallyintendedtobeacollectiveprojectoftheentireNemours pediatricorthopedic enterprise.However,asthescope oftheproject increased, wefound that additionalauthors/editorswereneededtohelpcompletethecontent.Ultimately,adiversegroup ofexpertsurgeonshavecontributedtothistexttowhichweareextremelygratefulfortheirtime and efforts. We would especially like to thank our colleagues at Lucile Packard Children’s HospitalStanfordandNationwideChildren’sHospitalfortheirmanyoutstandingcontributions tothebook. Thisbookisusingaunique,case-basedchapterstructurethatwefeelisanidealeducational format.Itisdesignedtopresentconciseandpracticalinformationtothereaderabouteachtopic. Thegoalistoprovidestate-of-the-artmanagementtipsandsolutionsforcommonlypresenting pediatric orthopedic injuries involving the extremities, pelvis, and spine. We hope that this bookwillbeusedasaresourcebyboththeyoungandtheexperiencedsurgeon. November2019 ChristopherA.Iobst,M.D. StevenL.Frick,M.D. v Acknowledgments ChristopherA.Iobst I would like to thank Dr. Frick for the opportunity to collaborate on this textbook. His mentorship and guidance over the years has been invaluable to me. While working together atNemours,Ihadtheopportunitytowitnesshisunparalleledworkethic,professionalism,and eloquencefirsthand.Itistrulyanhonortosharethisprojectwithhim. I would also like to thank my family (Nina, Simon, and Lana) for their love, support, and understanding,especiallywhenIlosethebalancebetweenworkandfamilytime. Ihopethereaderswillfindthiscaseatlasformattobeanefficientmethodforlearninghowto managepediatricorthopedicinjuriesusingthecurrentstate-of-the-arttechniques. StevenL.Frick IwouldliketothankDr.Iobstforworkingonthistextwithmeandforhisfriendship,intellect, anddrivetocompleteacademicprojectsthathelpustakebettercareofpatients.Ourfewyears workingtogethershowedmeheisanamazingsurgeonandperson.Iwouldalsoliketothank my colleagues at Carolinas Medical Center, Nemours Pediatric Orthopaedics, and Stanford University for improving my knowledge of pediatric musculoskeletal trauma. I hope readers willfindthistextpracticalandusefulwhencaringforinjuredchildrenandadolescents. vii Contents PartI UpperExtremity:ShoulderandElbow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 MedialClavicularPhysealSeparation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 StephenE.BerlingandJulieBalchSamora LateralClavicularPhysealSeparation. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. 9 RichardReynolds PediatricBonyBankartFracture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 RyanNeeley AdolescentClavicleFractures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 JosephA.Janicki DisplacedProximalHumerusFracturein15-Year-Old. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 EmilyDodwellandRichardReynolds DisplacedProximalHumerusFracturein8-Year-Old. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 EmilyDodwell PathologicalFractureoftheProximalHumerus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 NicolasLutz MidshaftHumerusFracture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 BenjaminA.SchneeandChristopherA.Iobst HumeralShaftFracture:FlexibleIntramedullaryFixation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 JenniferM.BauerandWilliamG.Mackenzie HumeralShaftFracture:OpenReductionInternalFixation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 JenniferM.BauerandWilliamG.Mackenzie UsingExternalFixationintheTreatmentofBallisticInjurytothe HumeralDiaphysisinaTeenager. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 MichaelJ.AssayagandMarkEidelman TypeIIISupracondylarHumerusFracture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 RichardReynolds SupracondylarHumerusFractureExtensionType:LateralEntry Pinning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 OussamaAbousamraandChristopherA.Iobst SupracondylarHumerusFractureExtensionType:CrossPinning. . . . . . . . 71 OussamaAbousamraandChristopherA.Iobst ix x Contents SupracondylarHumerusFractureFlexionType. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 OussamaAbousamraandChristopherA.Iobst OpenTreatmentofSupracondylarHumerusFractures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 RyanColleyandChristopherA.Iobst T-CondylarDistalHumerusFractures. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. 85 TravisFrantzandChristopherA.Iobst TransphysealDistalHumerusFracture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 DaliaSepulveda ObliqueSupracondylarHumerusFracture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 RachelM.RandallandChristopherA.Iobst MinimallyDisplacedLateralCondyleFracturesoftheElbow:Treatment withArthrographyandPercutaneousCannulatedScrewFixation. . . . . . . . 103 KevinM.Neal DisplacedElbowLateralCondyleFracture:Treatmentwitha CannulatedScrew. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 KevinM.Neal CapitellarFractures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 JamilFaissalSoni,WeverleyRubeleValenza,andArmandoRomaniSecundino MedialEpicondyleFractures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 B.DavidHornandAndrewGambone MedialCondyleFracture. . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. 125 L.ReidNichols,DavidTager,andDanielGrant AnElbowDislocationWithandWithoutAdditionalFractures. . . . . . . . . . . 133 ArnoldT.BesselaarandFlorensQ.M.P.vanDouveren TRASH(TheRadiographicAppearanceSeemedHarmless)LesionsAbout theElbow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 KaliTilestonandStevenL.Frick OlecranonFracture:TensionBandTechnique. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 CortD.Lawton,BennetA.Butler,andJohnJ.Grayhack OlecranonFracture:PlatingTechnique. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 BennetA.Butler,CortD.Lawton,andJohnJ.Grayhack OlecranonFracture:IntramedullaryScrew. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 CortD.Lawton,BennetA.Butler,andJohnJ.Grayhack OlecranonFractures:ApophysisOsteogenesisImperfecta. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 BennetA.Butler,CortD.Lawton,andJohnJ.Grayhack TypeIMonteggiaFractures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 TylerJ.Stavinoha TypeIIIMonteggiaFractures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 TylerJ.Stavinoha RadialNeckFractures:IntroductionandClassification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 TheddySlongo Contents xi RadialNeckFractures:ConservativeTreatment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 TheddySlongo RadialNeckFracture:ConservativeTreatment,Pitfalls,andProblems. . . . . 193 TheddySlongo RadialNeckFractures:OperativeTreatment(ESIN). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 TheddySlongo RadialNeckFracture:OperativeTreatment(ESIN)“Joy-Stick” Technique. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 TheddySlongo RadialNeckFractures:OperativeTreatment“Mini-Open”andESIN. . . . . 217 TheddySlongo RadialNeckFracture:OpenReduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 LauraGill RadialNeckFractures:OperativeTreatment,SpecialConditions. . . . . . . . . 231 TheddySlongo ProximalThirdBothBoneForearmFractures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 DavidB.JohnsonandChristopherA.Iobst PartII UpperExtremity:Forearm,Wrist,andHand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 MidshaftBothBoneForearmFracture:PlateFixation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 AndreaBauer MidshaftBothBoneForearmFracture:IntramedullaryRodFixation. . . . . 255 FelicityG.L.Fishman MidshaftBothBoneForearmFracture:SingleBoneFixation. . . . . . . . . . . . 261 JeniferPowersandScottRosenfeld DistalThirdRadiusFractureswithanIntactUlna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267 JulieBalchSamora ManagementofLateDisplacement(>5days)ofaPreviouslyReduced SalterIIDistalRadiusFracture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273 JenniferM.BauerandJenniferM.Ty GaleazziFracture:DistalRadiusFracturewithDislocatedDistal RadioulnarJoint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279 DeborahBohn VolarShearFracturesoftheDistalRadius. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 MerylLudwigandJenniferM.Ty PhysealFractureoftheDistalRadius. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289 ChristinaOttomeyerandChristopherA.Iobst ScaphoidFracture:DorsalApproach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295 ChristineA.Ho ScaphoidNonunion:VolarApproach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301 ChristineA.Ho xii Contents ThumbMetacarpalBaseFracture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307 RameezA.Qudsi,NancyJ.Moontasri,andJenniferM.Ty OpenTreatmentofMetacarpalShaftFractures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 JoshuaA.GordonandApurvaS.Shah PediatricMetacarpalNeckFractures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323 KristerFreese MetacarpophalangealandInterphalangealJointDislocation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 327 FelicityG.L.Fishman Extra-OctaveFractures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331 NancyJ.MoontasriandJenniferM.Ty PhalangealShaftFractures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337 KevinJ.Little PhalangealNeckFractures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345 JulieBalchSamora Intra-articularPhalangealFractures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351 HelenShiandKevinJ.Little SeymourFracture(OpenPhysealFractureoftheDistalPhalanx). . . . . . . . . 357 SuzanneSteinman BonyMalletFractures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363 CharlesL.LongandJenniferM.Ty DistalFingertipAmputations:LocalWoundCare. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371 NancyJ.Moontasri,RameezA.Qudsi,andJenniferM.Ty NailbedInjuries. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . 377 NikitaThakurandJulieBalchSamora CompartmentSyndromeoftheHand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383 JulieBalchSamora LongArmCast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391 JulieanneP.SeesandLucioRicieriPerotti MunsterCast. . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . 395 JulieanneP.SeesandLucioRicieriPerotti ShortArmCast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 JulieanneP.SeesandLucioRicieriPerotti PartIII Spine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409 PediatricHaloApplication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411 EricD.ShirleyandVeronicaMai AtlasFractures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417 PhilippAldanaandKellyGassie PediatricAtlantoaxialRotarySubluxation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423 KevinM.Neal OdontoidFractures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427 JohnF.Lovejoy,JeffreyE.Martus,andMeganM.Mizera
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