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Pediatric Nursing Demystified PDF

398 Pages·2009·9.39 MB·English
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Pediatric Nursing Demystified Notice Medicine is an ever-changing science. As new research and clinical experiencebroaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy are required. The author and the publisher of this work have checked with sources believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide informa- tion that is complete and generally in accord with the standards accepted at the time of publication. However, in view of the possibility of human error or changes in medical sciences, neither the author nor the publisher nor any other party who has been involved in the preparation or publi- cation of this work warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate or complete, and they disclaim all responsibility for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from use of the information contained in this work. Readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained herein with other sources. For example and in particular, readers are advised to check the product information sheet included in the package of each drug they plan to administer to be certain that the information contained in this work is accurate and that changes have not been made in the recommended dose or in the contraindications for administration. This recommendation is of particular importance in connection with new or infrequently used drugs. Pediatric Nursing Demystified Joyce Y. Johnson, PhD, RN, CCRN Dean and Professor College of Sciences and Health Professions Albany State University Albany, Georgia Jim Keogh, RN New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval sys- tem, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978-0-07-173486-8 MHID: 0-07-173486-4 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-160915-9, MHID: 0-07-160915-6. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trade- mark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. To contact a representative please e-mail us at [email protected]. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, dis- tribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill’s prior consent. You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited. Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms. THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” McGRAW-HILL AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUD- ING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WAR- RANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. McGraw-Hill and its licensors do not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free. Neither McGraw-Hill nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom. McGraw-Hill has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work. Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, conse- quential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibili- ty of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise. This book is dedicated to my mother Dorothy C. Young who has always been an inspiration to me, to my husband Larry and to Virginia and Larry Jr. who are the wind beneath my wings. Joyce Y. Johnson This book is dedicated to Anne, Sandy, Joanne, Amber-Leigh Christine, Shawn, and Eric, without whose help and support this book could not have been written. James Keogh We dedicate this book to our students who are the reason we teach and write. Much success in your nursing careers! Authors This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS Preface xv Acknowledgments xvii PART I ROLES AND RELATIONSHIPS CHAPTER 1 Families and Communities 3 Overview 4 Types of Families 5 Nursing Implications 5 Social and Economic Factors 6 Nursing Implications 6 Diversity Issues 7 Nursing Implications 8 Conclusion 9 CHAPTER 2 Growth and Development 13 Overview 15 Newborn/Infant 15 Conditions and Concerns Common to Developmental Stage 16 Nursing Implications 18 Early Childhood (Preschool) 18 Conditions and Concerns Common to Developmental Stage 21 Nursing Implications 21 viii Contents School-Aged Child 21 Conditions and Concerns Common to Developmental Stage 23 Nursing Implications 24 Preteen (Tweens) 24 Teen Years 25 Conditions and Concerns Common to Developmental Stage 27 Nursing Implications 27 Conclusions 28 CHAPTER 3 Pediatric Assessment 31 Overview 32 The Nursing Process 32 Health Assessment: Client History 33 Communication 33 Nursing History 34 Assessment 34 Nutritional Assessment 35 Family History and Review of Systems 36 Family Function 37 Physical Examination 38 Diagnostic Procedures 44 Laboratory Tests 44 Nursing Implications 45 Conclusion 46 PART II SYSTEMATIC EXPLORATION OF PEDIATRIC CONDITIONS AND NURSING CARE CHAPTER 4 Head and Neck: Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat 53 Overview 54 Eyes 54 Strabismus 55 Acute Conjunctivitis 56 Ears 57 Otitis Media 58 Nose 60 Mouth 62 Contents ix Dental Caries 62 Stomatitis 63 Throat 65 Head 65 Pediculosis Capitis (Head Lice) 65 Conclusion 67 CHAPTER 5 Respiratory Conditions 71 Overview 73 Upper Respiratory Tract Infections 74 Acute Viral Nasopharyngitis 74 Tonsillitis and Pharyngitis 75 Croup Syndrome 76 Acute Laryngotracheobronchitis 76 Acute Epiglottitis 77 Acute Laryngitis 79 Infectious Mononucleosis 79 Lower Respiratory Tract Infections 81 Pneumonia 81 Asthma 82 Nursing Interventions 83 Bronchiolitis 83 Cystic Fibrosis 84 Respiratory Distress Syndrome 85 Sudden Infant Death Syndrome 87 Conclusion 88 CHAPTER 6 Cardiovascular Conditions 91 Overview 92 Congestive Heart Failure 93 Atrial Septal Defect 96 Ventricular Septal Defect 100 Patent Ductus Arteriosus 103 Coarctation of the Aorta 107 Aortic Stenosis 110 Tetralogy of Fallot 114 Transposition of Great Arteries 117 Bacterial Endocarditis 121 Rheumatic Fever 122

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The quick and easy way to learn the concepts and major theories of pediatric nursing – and how to apply them to real-world situations If you’re looking for a fun, fast review that boils pediatric nursing down to its most essential, must-know points your search ends here! Pediatric Nursing Demyst
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