Pediatric Emergency Medicine Secrets PDF
Preview Pediatric Emergency Medicine Secrets
PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE Third Edition STEVEN M. SELBST, MD, FAAP, FACEP Professor DepartmentofPediatrics ViceChairforEducation Director PediatricResidencyProgram SidneyKimmelMedicalCollegeatThomasJeffersonUniversity Philadelphia,Pennsylvania AttendingPhysician DivisionofEmergencyMedicine Nemours/AlfredI.duPontHospitalforChildren Wilmington,Delaware 1600JohnF.KennedyBlvd. Ste.1800 Philadelphia,PA19103-2899 PEDIATRICEMERGENCYMEDICINESECRETS,THIRDEDITION ISBN:978-0-323-26284-2 Copyright©2015bySaunders,animprintofElsevierInc. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans, electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,recording,oranyinformationstorageandretrievalsystem, withoutpermissioninwritingfromthePublisher.Detailsonhowtoseekpermission,furtherinformationabout thePublisher’spermissionspolicies,andourarrangementswithorganizationssuchastheCopyrightClearance CenterandtheCopyrightLicensingAgencycanbefoundatourwebsite:www.elsevier.com/permissions. ThisbookandtheindividualcontributionscontainedinitareprotectedundercopyrightbythePublisher(other thanasmaybenotedherein). Notices Knowledgeandbestpracticeinthisfieldareconstantlychanging.Asnewresearchandexperience broadenourunderstanding,changesinresearchmethods,professionalpractices,ormedicaltreatment maybecomenecessary. Practitionersandresearchersmustalwaysrelyontheirownexperienceandknowledgeinevaluating andusinganyinformation,methods,compounds,orexperimentsdescribedherein.Inusingsuchinformation ormethodstheyshouldbemindfuloftheirownsafetyandthesafetyofothers,includingpartiesfor whomtheyhaveaprofessionalresponsibility. Withrespecttoanydrugorpharmaceuticalproductsidentified,readersareadvisedtocheckthemost currentinformationprovided(i)onproceduresfeaturedor(ii)bythemanufacturerofeachproductto beadministered,toverifytherecommendeddoseorformula,themethodanddurationofadministration,and contraindications.Itistheresponsibilityofpractitioners,relyingontheirownexperienceandknowledge oftheirpatients,tomakediagnoses,todeterminedosagesandthebesttreatmentforeachindividualpatient, andtotakeallappropriatesafetyprecautions. Tothefullestextentofthelaw,neitherthePublishernortheauthors,contributors,oreditors,assumeany liabilityforanyinjuryand/ordamagetopersonsorpropertyasamatterofproductliability,negligenceor otherwise,orfromanyuseoroperationofanymethods,products,instructions,orideascontainedinthe materialherein. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Pediatricemergencymedicinesecrets/[editedby]StevenM.Selbst.–Thirdedition. p.;cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN978-0-323-26284-2(pbk.:alk.paper) I.Selbst,StevenM.,editor. [DNLM:1.Child.2.Emergencies–ExaminationQuestions.3.EmergencyMedicine–ExaminationQuestions. 4.Infant.WS18.2] RJ370 618.92’0025076–dc23 2014038014 SeniorContentStrategist:JamesMerritt ContentDevelopmentSpecialist:JuliaRoberts PublishingServicesManager:PatriciaTannian SeniorProjectManager:SharonCorell BookDesigner:AshleyMiner PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica. Lastdigitistheprintnumber:9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 DEDICATION Tomywife,Andrea,forherendlessloveandsupport S.Selbst CONTRIBUTORS EvalineA.(Evie)Alessandrini,MD,MSCE M.DouglasBaker,MD ProfessorofPediatrics ProfessorofPediatrics UniversityofCincinnatiCollegeofMedicine ViceChair AttendingPhysician DepartmentofPediatrics DivisionofEmergencyMedicine Director CincinnatiChildren’sHospitalMedicalCenter DivisionofPediatricEmergencyMedicine Director TheJohnsHopkinsUniversitySchoolof QualityScholarsPrograminHealth Medicine CareTransformation Baltimore,Maryland JamesM.AndersonCenterforHealthSystems BrendaJ.Bender,MD Cincinnati,Ohio AttendingPhysician ElizabethR.Alpern,MD,MSCE PediatricEmergencyMedicine Professor RutgersRobertWoodJohnsonMedicalSchool DepartmentofPediatrics NewBrunswick,NewJersey NorthwesternUniversity-FeinbergSchoolof RobertG.Bolte,MD Medicine ProfessorofPediatrics AttendingPhysician DivisionofPediatricEmergencyMedicine DivisionofEmergencyMedicine DepartmentofPediatrics AnnandRobertH.LurieChildren’sHospital UniversityofUtahSchoolofMedicine Chicago,Illinois PediatricEmergencyServices LindaD.Arnold,MD PrimaryChildren’sHospital AssociateProfessor SaltLakeCity,Utah DepartmentofPediatrics TimothyBrenkert,MD YaleSchoolofMedicine AssistantProfessorofClinicalPediatrics AttendingPhysician DivisionofEmergencyMedicine PediatricEmergencyDepartment Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical YaleNewHavenChildren’sHospital Center NewHaven,Connecticut Cincinnati,Ohio MagdyW.Attia,MD,FAAP,FACEP DeryaCaglar,MD ProfessorofPediatrics AssistantProfessor SidneyKimmelMedicalCollegeat Pediatrics ThomasJeffersonUniversity UniversityofWashington Philadelphia,Pennsylvania AttendingPhysician AssociateDirector PediatricEmergencyMedicine EmergencyDepartment SeattleChildren’sHospital Nemours/AlfredI.duPontHospitalforChildren Seattle,Washington Wilmington,Delaware JamesM.Callahan,MD JeffreyR.Avner,MD,FAAP ProfessorofClinicalPediatrics ProfessorofClinicalPediatrics ThePerelmanSchoolofMedicineatthe DepartmentofPediatrics UniversityofPennsylvania AlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine DivisionofEmergencyMedicine Chief DepartmentofPediatrics PediatricEmergencyMedicine TheChildren’sHospitalofPhiladelphia Children’sHospitalatMontefiore Philadelphia,Pennsylvania Bronx,NewYork vii viii CONTRIBUTORS StevenChan,MD MariaCarmenG.Diaz,MD,FAAP,FACEP Fellow ClinicalAssociateProfessorofPediatricsand PediatricEmergencyMedicine EmergencyMedicine DivisionofEmergencyMedicine SidneyKimmelMedicalCollegeatThomas CincinnatiChildren’sHospitalMedicalCenter JeffersonUniversity Cincinnati,Ohio Philadelphia,Pennsylvania MedicalDirectorofSimulation TheodoreJ.Cieslak,MD NemoursInstituteforClinicalExcellence Colonel AttendingPhysician U.S.Army DivisionofEmergencyMedicine DepartmentofDefenseLiaisontotheCDC Nemours/AlfredI.duPontHospitalforChildren SanAntonio,Texas Wilmington,Delaware HowardM.Corneli,MD KaynanDoctor,MD Professor AdjunctInstructorofPediatrics DepartmentofPediatrics GeorgeWashingtonUniversitySchoolof UniversityofUtahSchoolofMedicine MedicineandHealthSciences EmergencyDepartment Fellow PrimaryChildren’sHospital PediatricEmergencyMedicine SaltLakeCity,Utah DivisionofEmergencyMedicine MarlaFriedmanCotzen,DO Children’sNationalMedicalCenter ClinicalAssistantProfessor Washington,DC DepartmentofPediatrics NanetteC.Dudley,MD FIUHerbertWertheimCollegeofMedicine Professor AttendingPhysician DepartmentofPediatrics DepartmentofPediatrics DivisionofPediatricEmergencyMedicine DivisionofEmergencyMedicine UniversityofUtah MiamiChildren’sHospital EmergencyDepartment Miami,Florida PrimaryChildren’sHospital KateM.Cronan,MD SaltLakeCity,Utah AssociateProfessor SusanJ.Duffy,MD,MPH Pediatrics AssociateProfessor SidneyKimmelMedicalCollegeatThomas EmergencyMedicineandPediatrics JeffersonUniversity WarrenAlpertMedicalSchoolofBrown Philadelphia,Pennsylvania University AttendingPhysician MedicalDirector DivisionofEmergencyMedicine PediatricEmergencyDepartment Nemours/AlfredI.duPontHospitalforChildren HasbroChildren’sHospital Wilmington,Delaware Providence,RhodeIsland AndrewD.DePiero,MD YaminiDurani,MD AssistantProfessor AssistantProfessorofPediatrics DepartmentofPediatrics SidneyKimmelMedicalCollegeat SidneyKimmelMedicalCollegeatThomas ThomasJeffersonUniversity JeffersonUniversity Philadelphia,Pennsylvania Philadelphia,Pennsylvania AttendingPhysician AtttendingPhysician DivisionofEmergencyMedicine FellowshipDirector Nemours/AlfredI.duPontHospitalforChildren PediatricEmergencyMedicine Wilmington,Delaware Nemours/AlfredI.duPontHospitalfor Children Wilmington,Delaware CONTRIBUTORS ix StephenEppes,MD JoanE.Giovanni,MD ProfessorofPediatrics AssistantProfessor SidneyKimmelCollegeofMedicineat DepartmentofPediatrics ThomasJeffersonUniversity UniversityofMissouri-KansasCity Philadelphia,Pennsylvania AttendingPhysician AttendingPhysician EmergencyandUrgentCare DivisionofInfectiousDiseases Children’sMercyHospital DepartmentofPediatrics KansasCity,Missouri Nemours/AlfredI.duPontHospitalfor JavierA.GonzalezdelRey,MD,MEd Children ProfessorofPediatrics Wilmington,Delaware DepartmentofPediatrics DeirdreFearon,MD,MA UniversityofCincinnatiCollegeofMedicine AssociateProfessor(Clinical) ProgramDirector EmergencyMedicineandPediatrics PediatricResidencyProgram AlpertMedicalSchoolofBrown CincinnatiChildren’sHospitalMedicalCenter University Cincinnati,Ohio AttendingPhysician MarcH.Gorelick,MD,MSCE PediatricEmergencyMedicine HasbroChildren’sHospital Professor Providence,RhodeIsland DepartmentofPediatrics MedicalCollegeofWisconsin JoelA.Fein,MD,MPH U.S.ExecutiveVicePresidentandChief Professor OperatingOfficer PediatricsandEmergencyMedicine Children’sHospitalofWisconsin ThePerelmanSchoolofMedicineatthe Milwaukee,Wisconsin UniversityofPennsylvania AttendingPhysician HazelGuinto-Ocampo,MD EmergencyDepartment AssistantProfessor TheChildren’sHospitalofPhiladelphia DepartmentofPediatrics Philadelphia,Pennsylvania SidneyKimmelMedicalCollegeat ThomasJeffersonUniversity SusanFuchs,MD Philadelphia,Pennsylvania Professor Chief DepartmentofPediatrics PediatricEmergencyServices NorthwesternUniversity-FeinbergSchoolof EmergencyDepartment Medicine NemoursduPontPediatricsatBrynMawr AssociateDirector Hospital DivisionofEmergencyMedicine BrynMawr,Pennsylvania AnnandRobertH.LurieChildren’sHospitalof Chicago FrederickM.Henretig,MD Chicago,Illinois ProfessorEmeritus DepartmentofPediatrics PayalK.Gala,MD ThePerelmanSchoolofMedicineatthe AssistantProfessorofClinicalPediatrics UniversityofPennsylvania ThePerelmanSchoolofMedicineatthe Director UniversityofPennsylvania SectionofClinicalToxicology Philadelphia,Pennsylvania DepartmentofPediatrics AttendingPhysician SeniorToxicologist PediatricEmergencyMedicine ThePoisonControlCenter VirtuaHealth-WestJerseyHospital TheChildren’sHospitalofPhiladelphia Voorhees,NewJersey Philadelphia,Pennsylvania TheChildren’sHospitalofPhiladelphia Philadelphia,Pennsylvania DeeHodgeIII MD KatieGiordano,DO Professor AttendingPhysician DepartmentofPediatrics DepartmentofEmergencyMedicine WashingtonUniversitySchoolofMedicine Nemours/AlfredI.duPontHospitalfor AssociateDirector Children ClinicalAffairsforEmergencyServices Wilmington,Delaware St.LouisChildren’sHospital St.Louis,Missouri
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