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Pediatric Dermatology PDF

325 Pages·2021·70.943 MB·English
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Any screen. Any time. Anywhere. Activate the eBook version of this title at no additional charge. Elsevier eBooks for Practicing Clinicians gives you the power to browse and search content, view enhanced images, highlight and take notes—both online and offline. Unlock your eBook today. 1. Visit expertconsult.inkling.com/redeem 2. Scratch box below to reveal your code 3. Type code into “Enter Code” box 4. Click “Redeem” 5. Log in or Sign up 6. Go to “My Library” It’s that easy! Place Peel Off Sticker Here For technical assistance: email [email protected] call 1-800-401-9962 (inside the US) call +1-314-447-8300 (outside the US) Use of the current edition of the electronic version of this book (eBook) is subject to the terms of the nontransferable, limited license granted on expertconsult.inkling.com. Access to the eBook is limited to the first individual who redeems the PIN, located on the inside cover of this book, at expertconsult.inkling.com and may not be transferred to another party by resale, lending, or other means. 2020_PC PEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY PEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY FIFTH EDITION Bernard A. Cohen, MD Professor of Pediatrics and Dermatology Johns Hopkins Children’s Center Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland For additional online content visit expertconsult.com Elsevier 1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd. Ste 1800 Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899 PEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY, FIFTH EDITION ISBN: 978-0-7020-7963-4 Copyright © 2022 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions. This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Notice Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds or experiments described herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made. To the fullest extent of the law, no responsibility is assumed by Elsevier, authors, editors or contributors for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. Previous editions copyrighted 2013, 2005, 1999, and 1993 Internation Standard Book Number: 978-0-7020-7963-4 Content Strategist: Charlotta Kryhl Content Development Specialist: Laura Klein Publishing Services Manager: Shereen Jameel Project Manager: Aparna Venkatachalam Design Direction: Brian Salisbury Printed in India Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 P R E FAC E Since I began taking clinical photographs during my residency Although the focus of this chapter is on primary lesions of the oral training over 30 years ago, I have been impressed by the virtu- mucosa, a discussion of clues of systemic disease is included. I am ally unlimited variation in the expression of skin disease. How- also excited to introduce the new Chapter 10 that focuses on uro- ever, with careful observation, clinical patterns that permit the logic, gynecologic, and anogenital findings in children. Chapter 2, development of a reasonable differential diagnosis emerge. In which is devoted to dermatologic disorders of newborns and collaboration with my colleagues in the fifth edition, we have infants, remains the longest chapter in the book as a result of the been able to use over 600 images, a third of which are new, to continued blossoming of neonatology as a respected pediatric demonstrate the diverse variations and common patterns that discipline. I never cease to be amazed by how human beings ma- are fundamental to an understanding of skin eruptions in chil- nipulate their skin accidentally, deliberately, secretly, and/or thera- dren. The algorithm at the end of each chapter is designed as a peutically. With this in mind, Chapter 11, Psychodermatology, practical approach to evaluating pediatric patients. focuses on psychodermatoses and concludes with disorders that are Pediatric Dermatology is designed for the pediatric and pri- triggered, exacerbated, or caused primarily by external factors. mary care provider with an interest in dermatology and the Finally, the format of the text should be user friendly. The dermatology practitioner who cares for children. The text is pages and legends have been numbered in a standard textbook organized around practical clinical problems. This book should fashion, and the index was again revised to include all of the not be considered an encyclopedic text of pediatric dermatol- disorders listed in the text and legends. The text and images ogy; it should be used in conjunction with the further reading incorporate advances made in diagnosis, evaluation, and list suggested at the end of Chapter 1. Classic papers and more treatment during the last eight years, since the publication of recent literature are included in the further reading lists at the the fourth edition. I only hope that students of pediatric der- end of each chapter. matology will enjoy reading the book as much as I enjoyed I have been fortunate to work with oral pathologists on the der- working with my colleagues in pediatric dermatology com- matology faculty in the roles of teacher and consultant. With their pleting this new edition. help, the importance of recognizing oral lesions in the care of chil- Bernard A. Cohen dren is reflected in Chapter 9, which is devoted to oral pathology. 2021 v AC K N OW L E D G M E N T S This book would not have been possible without the help of I will be forever indebted to the coauthors of the chapters the children and parents who allowed me to photograph their in the fifth edition including Katherine Brown Püttgen for skin eruptions and the practitioners who referred them to me. Chapter 2 Neonatal Dermatology, Jessica L. Feig for Chapter 3 I am particularly indebted to the faculty, especially my colleague Papulosquamous Eruptions, A. Yasmine Kirkorian and Nidhi Shah Annie Grossberg; residents, nurse practitioners; nurses; physi- for Chapter 4 Vesiculopustular Eruptions, Kaiane Anoush cians assistants; and students at the Johns Hopkins Children’s Habeshian for Chapter 5 Nodules and Tumors, Daren J. Simkin for Center and the Departments of Pediatrics and Dermatology Chapter 6 Pigmentary Disorders, George O. Denny for Chapter 7 at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine for their Reactive Erythema, Saleh Rachidi for Chapter 8 Disorders of the inspiration and support. I would again like to thank my friends Hair and Nails, Nikhil Shyam for Chapter 9 Oral Cavity, and Sherry at the Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh where this book was Guralnick Cohen for Chapter 11 Psychodermatology. first conceived. I would like to thank the residents in dermatology and pedi- Although we have been involved with online dermatology atrics, who by their questions and consultations, have helped for over a decade, the craziness associated with the COVID me prioritize topics for inclusion in this book. pandemic has allowed for a dramatic expansion of virtual visits Finally, I would like to again acknowledge Dr. Nancy Esterly and high-quality clinical imaging. Many primary care providers, who contributed the foreword to the second edition (reprinted patients, and parents have learned how to organize online con- in the subsequent editions). I think of her often and would like sultation, which will undoubtedly revolutionize the acquisition to honor her by using her foreword in this edition as well. of data for clinical evaluation and teaching. This is all reflected Dr. Esterly taught me that pediatric dermatology could be excit- in the fifth edition. ing and academically challenging. As a role model and one of I am also indebted to the oral pathology faculty who call the mothers of pediatric dermatology, her memory continues dermatology their home. They have taught me to seek clues to guide all of us in pediatric dermatology. I would also like to for dermatologic and systemic disease from evaluation of the acknowledge Dr. Frank Oski who brought me home to Balti- mucous membranes, and to respect oral pathology in its own more, where he incorporated pediatric dermatology into the right. Without them, the conception of Chapter 9 and the most pediatric training program. Hopefully, we can continue to live recent updates would not have been possible. up to the high standards that he demanded. I am also excited to thank Drs. Tina Ho and Kalyani S. Marathe who encouraged us to include a new chapter focused FIGURE CREDITS on urologic and anogenital lesions, which are often misdiag- nosed in this age group. The following figures have been reprinted from Zitelli BJ, Davis I continue to be grateful for the persistent prodding and sensi- HW (eds). Atlas of pediatric physical diagnosis, 3rd edn. Mosby, tive guidance of the editors at Elsevier who are responsible for St Louis, 1997: completion of this book in a timely fashion. I would also like to 4.10, 7.8, 7.9, 8.1, 8.15, 8.49, 11.7, 11.9, 11.10, 11.13, 11.15. thank Tracy Shuford for keeping the lines of communication open I am grateful for the use of images contributed by Dr. Russ between the publisher and my office, despite the 6-hour time Corio and Dr. Gary Warnock for contributing additional difference. images to the chapter on the Oral Cavity (Chapter 9). vi To Sherry for her continued patience, love, understanding, and contributions to this edition, which took longer than I thought! To Michael, Jared, and Jennie for keeping me young and laughing. It has been exciting to see them mature into young adults who now contribute to the care of children and adults in their own ways. To Zeke and Thea who keep me honest! To all of the children who made this project possible. F O R E WO R D NOTE FROM DR. COHEN liberally illustrated with photographs depicting a wide range of I have asked the managing editor to reprint the Foreword from the skin problems in infants and children. second edition (also reprinted in subsequent editions) written by In this fourth edition of Pediatric Dermatology, the text has Dr. Nancy Esterly to honor her for her contributions to pediatric been expanded to include a 20-page chapter devoted entirely dermatology, the training of many practitioners of the specialty, and to mucosal lesions and accompanied by more than 50 new my own career. In the spring of 1983 when I was desperately search- photographs of patients with problems ranging from the ing for a mentor in pediatric dermatology, Nan adopted me during common herpes simplex infection to the uncommon ectoder- my elective month at Children’s Memorial Hospital in Chicago. mal dysplasias. In keeping with the very successful style of Dr. Esterly has been the quintessential practitioner of pedi- previous editions, the requisite algorithm, diagrams of the atric dermatology since her pediatric and dermatology training oral cavity and up-to-date references are included in this in Baltimore over 40 years ago. She was one of the founders of chapter. In addition, new photographs have been added and the Society for Pediatric Dermatology and embodies the tripar- some old ones replaced throughout the book. tite mission of pediatric dermatology of patient care, resident For beginners in this discipline, Dr. Cohen’s text is an excel- teaching, and clinical research. lent place to start. For those of us who practice pediatric derma- tology, there is still much to be learned from a well-put-together text such as this one. FOREWORD TO THE SECOND EDITION Nancy B. Esterly, MD It is not often that one encounters a single-author textbook that is Professor Emeritus outstanding in both text and illustrations. But, once again, Bernard Medical College of Wisconsin Cohen has crafted an exceptional basic pediatric dermatology text Milwaukee, Wisconsin viii

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