Pearson IIT Foundation Series - Chemistry Class 9

290 Pages·2017·37.968 MB·English

by  Trishna Knowledge Systems

C L A S S
9
Pearson IIT Foundation Series
Chemistry
Sixth Edition
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C L A S S
9
Pearson IIT Foundation Series
Chemistry
Sixth Edition
Trishna Knowledge Systems
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Photo Credits
All Chapter Openers: Kesu. Shutterstock
Icons of Practice Questions: graphixmania. Shutterstock
Icons of Answer Keys: Viktor88. Shutterstock
Icons of Hints and Explanation: graphixmania. Shutterstock
Copyright © 2017 Trishna Knowledge Systems
Copyright © 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016 Trishna Knowledge Systems
No part of this eBook may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without the publisher’s prior written consent.
This eBook may or may not include all assets that were part of the print version. The publisher reserves the right to remove
any material in this eBook at any time.
ISBN 9789332579071
e-ISBN: 978933258423
First Impression
Published by Pearson India Education Services Pvt. Ltd, CIN: U72200TN2005PTC057128,
formerly known as TutorVista Global Pvt. Ltd, licensee of Pearson Education in South Asia.
Head Office: 15th Floor, Tower-B, World Trade Tower, Plot No. 1, Block-C, Sector-16,
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Registered Office: 4th Floor, Software Block, Elnet Software City, TS-140, Block 2 & 9,
Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Taramani, Chennai 600 113, Tamil Nadu, India.
Fax: [phone], Phone: [phone]
www.pearson.co.in, Email: [email protected]
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Brief Contents
Preface ix
Chapter Insights x
Series Chapter Flow xii
Chapter 1 Nature of Matter 1.1
Chapter 2 Atomic S tructure 2.1
Chapter 3 Periodic Table 3.1
Chapter 4 Chemical Bonding 4.1
Chapter 5 M ole Concept, Stoichiometry and Behaviour of Gases 5.1
Chapter 6 C hemical Kinetics and Chemical Equilibrium 6.1
Chapter 7 Water, Solution, Solubility and Hydrogen 7.1
Chapter 8 Metals and Non-Metals 8.1
Chapter 9 Organic Chemistry 9.1
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Contents
Preface ix Atomic size 3.9
Chapter Insights x Ionization energy 3.10
Series Chapter Flow xii Electron affinity 3.10
Electronegativity 3.11
ChAptEr 1 NAturE of MAttEr 1.1 Electropositive character 3.11
Oxidizing and reducing property 3.11
Introduction 1.2
Metallic and non-metallic property 3.12
Postulates of Kinetic Molecular
Theory of Matter 1.2 Practice Questions 3.14
Hints and Explanation 3.21
Different States of Matter and Their Properties 1.2
Interconversion of States of Matter 1.3
Latent Heat 1.6
ChAptEr 4 ChEMiCAL boNdiNg 4.1
Classification of Matter on the
Basis of Chemical Composition 1.9 Introduction 4.2
Separation of a Mixture 1.11 Reasons for the Formation of a
Conditions Required for Chemical Changes 1.15 Chemical Bond 4.2
Practice Questions 1.18 Types of Chemical Bonds 4.2
Hints and Explanation 1.25 Coordinate Covalent Bond 4.8
Metallic Bond 4.10
Practice Questions 4.12
ChAptEr 2 AtoMiC StruCturE 2.1
Hints and Explanation 4.19
Introduction 2.2
Discovery of Fundamental Particles 2.2
ChAptEr 5 MoLE CoNCEpt,
Millikan’s Oil Drop Experiment 2.4 StoiChioMEtry ANd
Discovery of Protons 2.4 bEhAviour of gASES 5.1
Thomson’s Atomic Model 2.5
Introduction 5.2
Rutherford’s a-ray Scattering Experiments 2.7
Symbols and Formulae 5.2
Rutherford’s Atomic Model 2.7
Quantum Theory of Radiation 2.9 Examples of Symbols 5.2
Bohr’s Model of An Atom 2.10 Examples of Formulae 5.2
Radicals or Ions 5.2
Discovery of Neutrons 2.11
Derivation of Formulae of Compounds 5.4
Practice Questions 2.15
Boyle’s Law 5.8
Hints and Explanation 2.22
Charles’ Law 5.9
Measurement of the Mass of Atoms
and Molecules 5.13
ChAptEr 3 pEriodiC tAbLE 3.1
Practice Questions 5.24
Introduction 3.2
Hints and Explanation 5.31
Newland’s Arrangement of
Elements in Octaves 3.2
Mendeleeff ’s Periodic Table 3.3
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viii Contents
ChAptEr 6 ChEMiCAL KiNEtiCS ANd Open-hearth Process for Making Special
ChEMiCAL EquiLibriuM 6.1 Type of Steel 8.7
Non metals 8.9
Introduction 6.2
Nitrogen 8.12
Classification of Reactions 6.2 Phosphorous 8.17
Dynamic Equilibrium 6.8 Oxygen 8.19
Characteristics of Dynamic Equilibrium 6.9 Experiment I 8.20
Practice Questions 6.14 Sulphur 8.21
Hints and Explanation 6.22 Chlorine 8.28
Practice Questions 8.30
Hints and Explanation 8.36
ChAptEr 7 W AtEr, SoLutioN,
SoLubiLity ANd
hydrogEN 7.1 ChAptEr 9 orgANiC ChEMiStry 9.1
Introduction 7.2 Introduction 9.2
Source of Water 7.2 Unique Properties of Carbon
Removal of Hardness 7.2 Compounds 9.2
Important Properties of Water 7.3 Classification of Hydrocarbons 9.3
Molarity 7.6 Isomerism 9.8
Faraday’s laws of electrolysis 7.10 Homologous Series 9.9
Practice Questions 7.15 Alkanes 9.13
Hints and Explanation 7.21 Methane 9.13
Natural Sources of Energy 9.19
Coal 9.20
ChAptEr 8 MEtALS ANd
Petroleum 9.20
NoN-MEtALS 8.1
Soap and Detergents 9.24
Introduction 8.2
Practice Questions 9.27
Metallurgy 8.2 Hints and Explanation 9.34
Metallurgy of Iron 8.5
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Preface
Pearson IIT Foundation Series has developed into a trusted resource for scores of students who have
aspired to be a part of the elite undergraduate institutions of India. As a result it has become one
of the best selling series, providing authentic and class tested content for effective preparation.
The structure of the content is not only student friendly but is also designed in such a manner
that it invigorates the students to go beyond the usual school curriculum and also act as a source of
higher learning  to strengthen the fundamental concepts of Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics.
The core objective of the series is to be a one stop solution for students preparing for various
competitive examinations. Irrespective of the field of study that the student may choose to take
up later, it is important to understand that Mathematics and Science form the basis for most
modern day activities Hence, utmost efforts have been made to develop student interest in these
basic building blocks via real-life examples and application based problems. Ultimately the aim is
to ingrain the art of problem-solving in the minds of the reader.
To ensure high level of accuracy and practicality this series has been authored by a team of
highly qualified and experienced faculties involved in grooming the young minds. That said,
we believe that there is always scope for doing things in a better manner and hence invite you
to provide us with your candid feedback and suggestions on how we can make this series more
superior.
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