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Peace Country cattle newsletter PDF

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(PEACE COU NTRY CATTLE NEWSLETTER( CANADIANS Spring, ll>Hr» PANORAMA FOR THE PEACE? ? summer for your input. Respondents names will not be gathered. The Cattlemen in the High Prairie and results of the survey will be printed Valleyview areas have formed the Peace during fall in this newsletter. Country Cattle Sales Association. This will provide an "umbrella" organization that will organize, BOC-LOC TAGS advertise and promote cattle sales in the fall at various points in the Demonstration tags have been put Peace. The President is Lynn on cattle at Kinuso (Jim Sheldon), Roberts, Box 813, High Prairie, Valleyview (Bob Corscience), Worsley Telephone: 523-2496. (Gerald Raspberry) , and Cleardale (Jerry Hale) and Fairview College. We This group is set up to provide used everything from trocars to others a means of holding fall sales synovex needles to punch holes with, if they wish. The High Prairie "local" since the original order with proper have set a membership fee of $100, and equipment got lost in the post have 18 members signed. These funds office. Of all the methods, a good will be used to provide "up-front" sharp pocket knife worked as well as money to have a sale at High Prairie anything. One major problem is this fall. positioning the hole for the tag. The hole should be made about half way up Neil Woolliams, former manager of the neck, at least above the skin of Douglas Lake Cattle Ranch, has been the brisket. Don't punch in more than hired by the B.C. government to come d3e/w4l a pi nc. h from the leading edge of the up with some marketing alternatives. He tells me he is interested in showing B.C. Peace Cattlemen how they Alcohol based ink is required to could integrate their sales with ours permanently mark these Boc-loc tags. on this side of the border. "Sanford" or All flex pens work best since an alcohol base ink is If you are interested in a sale required. Kane Vet Supply in Edmonton in your area, contact Lynn Roberts. handle Boc-loc tags. The veterans in producer cattle sales are Roy Bristow, President of Lea FREEZE BRANDING Park Cattlemens Association at Marwayne (telephone: 943-2242) or When the animal rights activists Community Auction Sales at Pincher run out of seals and trappers, they'll Creek (Fred DeWalt, Manager, likely focus their attention on hot Telephone: 627-3466). iron branding of cattle. Hot branding is a painful process and if done by a careless or inexperienced person, it CATTLE MARKETING SURVEY can be a mess . Alberta Agriculture is conducting There is a partial alternative in a cattle marketing survey in the freeze branding. By cooling an iron Peace. STEP student Lindsay Porteous to about -275°F and holding it on the will be contacting you sometime this skin, all the hair follicles are killed. c -2- ( The hair grows back In white If you want to number brand for after about AO days. Obviously this animal identification, it is legal to is where the "partial" alternative do so in Alberta in conjunction with a comes in, because white haired cattle registered brand. The number brand are unaffected. For those of you also has to be on a legal site on the animal . wishing to try freeze branding, you*ll have to order your "irons" from Ketchums, 396 Berkely Avenue, Ottawa, CONDITION SCORING CATTLE Ontario K2A 2G6 We tend to describe the condition The following information is of cattle by using terms such as important for those intending to "good", "fleshy", "thin", or "top freeze brand. shape". In the U.S. and Britain, more and more attempts are being made to L. Use freeze brand irons, not apply a number score to describe fat regular metal irons. Copper or cover. All this applies to breeding copper-brass is used to hold the females particularly, since slaughter cold temperatures. cattle already have very precise "condition scores" built into the 2. Clip the branding site. The hair grading system. should be as short as possible. The Americans have a 9 point 3. Wash with alcohol. system which is a bit hard to learn. The Scottish system is based on 5 4. Use liquid nitrogen. A regular numbers, and can be picked up easily. semen storage tank can be used to Articles from Alberta Agriculture on store the nitrogen. A styrofoam condition scoring will be based on the box should be used to hold the Scots system. A condition score of 1 irons while liquid nitrogen is is given to animals in very poor poured in to the depth of the condition, and a condition score of 5 "iron". When the freeze brand for very fat animals. The following stops bubbling, it is the right points describe the system: temperature for branding. HOW TO CONDITION SCORE Hold the freeze brander iron on the skin for the following length Feel the fat cover around the of time: tailhead and over the spinal processes. Using your arm extended, push your Calves: 15 seconds thumb under the loin, and your hand Yearlings: 20 seconds should close over the top of the loin, Cows: 25 seconds behind the last rib and in front of the hip bone. The spinal processes come At first it will seem like a slow off the backbone in such a way that process, but with organization it they will easily be felt by your thumb can be reasonably speedy, although and fingers. never as fast as hot iron branding. A special freeze branding unit to hold Condition Score 1 the nitrogen and "irons" is on display at the Regional Office. Plans will be The individual spinal processes available this fall. (bones) are sharp to the touch and r easily felt, There is no fat around Target Condition Scores the tailhead Weaning - condition Score 3 Condition Score 2 Calving - condition score 2-2*5 Breeding - condition score 2^-3 The spinal processes can still be individually felt, but are rounded OS'CONENO3-R A SYSTSEM OFOR N SHOR TER CALVING rather than sharp. Areas on either side of the tailhead have some fat cover. This system has been around since Conditon Score 3 about 1976, when a Texas rancher decided he was fed up with 120 day The spinal processes can be felt calving seasons. The system works on only with very firm pressure. Fat the principle that cows must have an cover can be felt easily on either i1)n creasing energy level in their diet side of the tailhead. in order to breed, and that some cows body don't cycle if they are nursing Condition Score A calves. The following system is used: 2) that cows are wintered so The spinal processes can't be All felt. The fat on either side of the they are in about 2 to 2' tailhead is in slight mounds. condition score at calving. 3) Condition Score 5 Feed energy levels are increased after calving until cows are in a The bone structure is not A) body condition score of 2^. noticeable, since it is buried in fat. The tailhead is almost Calves are taken away from the completely buried in fat. cows for 48 hours before breeding starts. Studies have shown that a loss of 1 condition score can equal the energy Calves and fertile bulls are of 550 lbs of barley. Thus the turned in with the cows, and feed ability to use the cows' body reserves energy levels are maintained for to reduce winter feed costs can 3 weeks. Bulls are left in for 60 days. improve profitability. Condition scoring is most useful when used in 0' Connor the same herd regularly by the same These are the results from one person . U.S. study with the REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE IN BEEF COWS System. USING THE O'CONNOR SYSTEM Cows managed under Con tr ol Difference 'Connor system system 89 No. Cows 86 Showing heat after breeding CO 25 days 95 A 6 days 36 Pregnant af ter 1 breeding (7) 72 26 Calved (%) 8908 50 after 20 days 80 0" 5298 3309 after AO d a y s 99 5272 after 60 days 91 72 52 ( ( With the cooperation of John least condition score 2^ and stay on Fraser, Farm Manager at Fairview enough high energy for 3 weeks after College, we have just completed the 48 the bull goes in. hour weaning and bull turn in stage SELF TREATMENT STATIONS FOR FLY with cows in the College herd. There CONTROL were 20 first calving Simmcntal x Hereford cows in the study. The cows A cheap horn fly, mosquito and were on full feed hay and about 8 lbs black fly control system has been barley daily for 30 days. The calves recently reported by Dr. Ali Khan were "weaned" for 48 hours, then (Livestock Pest Specialist). Pest turned back with the cows, along with Doom oilers were placed at fenced salt a 2 yr old Gelbveigh bull. stations and dugouts and filled with CIOVAP and oil solution. They provided The calves were about 6 weeks old 60% mosquito reduction and excellent and had access to creep feed. While fly control. The Pest Doom oiler is they were separated from the cows, the available through local feed and vet calves averaged 5 lbs of creep grain, outlets from Thornhill Ranching 6 lbs alfalfa hay and 1^ gallons of Products . water. When they were turned back in MORE MONEY FOR HEIFERS with the cows, it took about 15 minutes for everybody to get sorted out, and There is a lot of potential lost no real problems were experienced. when cull yearling heifers go out on The striking part of this system was grass and end up being bred late in that 30% of the cows came into heat the summer. If more of these tail end within 24 hours of separation from the heifers were spayed, they'd gain calves. If you plan to try the better and be much more salable this system, be sure the cows are in at fall. Check with your local vet, it*s not much of an operation. PEACE COUNTRY CATTLE NEWSLETTER Mr. Trevor Jones Regional Livestock Specialist Alberta Agriculture Box 7777 FAIRVIEW, AB TOH 1L0 Peace Country Cattle Newsletter MAR "1 0 1986 Fall 1985 TOUGH SLEDDING AHEAD should be getting supplementary sources by injection or added to salt or water supplies. I'm not going to try to forecast the weather for the coining winter other than to say it will get colder The winter feeding plans can be than it is now. When 1 refer to topped off by adding trace mineral salt that contains at least .252 "tough sledding", I'm thinking about the nutritional deficiencies our copper, .75% zinc and 25 parts per cattle are bound to experience to some million selenium. No more blue or red degree, because of the drought and salt . feed shortages. PANORAMA FOR THF PEACE AT HIGH PRAIRIE One of the biggest troubles will be simply to keep all the bellies Peace Country Cattle Sales full. The cattlemen who have been Association has scheduled the first harvesting everything in sight may not cattle sale to be held at High Prairie have the best of feed quality, but on October 28th at 1:00 p.m. The what they have will be better than group has purchased a modern scale, snowballs. In fact most of our and it will be installed at the ongoing problems in the Peace are that Provincial Grazing Reserve Corrals north of High Prairie. All classes of cattle simply don't get enough to eat. cattle will be received .up to 8:00 But if there is enough feed and p.m, October 27th, but those wishing the fibre is so high from late cutting to sell must notify the sale committee or aftermath crop conditions, a full by September 30th at the latest. belly may still create an energy Membership in the Peace Country Cattle deficiency. The rumen bugs in cattle Sales Association must be obtained which literally provide all the energy ($100) before cattle can be entered in the sale. and protein just can't do well enough on high fibre feed. Ken Rose Auctions of Fairview will The answer with poor feed is to be handling the sale. Cost will be Iceu the bugs more energy and $S.C0/hcad for o ^ > c r> charge, and a one protein. The problem is to find cheap time only charge of $3.50 per head to enough sources. Grain for energy and cover scale purchase. canola meal for protein will do the trick. Think long and hard before you If you want to consign cattle to buy a lick tank instead. this sale, contact Lynn Roberts (523-4561) or Frank Graves (523-3220) before September 30th. The problem doesn't stop here though, when you have overmature high fibre forage, there is usually an AMMONIATION OF STRAW associated vitamin A deficiency. When vitamin A is low, mucous membranes in One way to boost protein content the gut are poor absorbers of of low quality feed for cows is to nutrients; and in the mouth, nose and ammoniate it. For those cattlemen eyes, poor resistors of sharp objects interested, a demonstration will be and disease organisms. held in the Fairview D . A . district (835-2291) on October 9, and in the We know vitamin A is going to be Valley view office D.A. office needed earlier than ever before so (524-3301) on October 10th. Contact when snow flies, cattle of al] ages ei titer office for more information. -2- PEACE COUNTRY CATTLE QUESTIONNAIRE d) Some of the tags placed low became covered with mud, and were You may have been one of over 300 unreadable. I noticed this had Peace Country Cattlemen contacted by happened with several we put on Lindsay Porteous in May, to answer Clay's steers that went to the questions about cattle marketing. Bear Canyon Provincial Grazing Reserve . Well, the survey is finished, and a summary is attached for your information . e) The cost of the dewlap tags was between $1.20 and $1.40 depending CATTLE ID on the origin. Kane Vet Supplies in Edmonton (453-1516) Last spring, more than 500 are the agents for Boc-Loc tags Boc-loc dewlap tags were put on cattle in Alberta, but they like to deal throughout the Peace. The following with local suppliers. observations can be made now. One thing for certain - the tags a) The tags have to be placed high seem to be staying on. This coming on the dewlap. It was a mistake winter, after the acid test of poly to call them "brisket tags" twine we'll have a better idea of how because the brisket is lower than good they really are. I hope to hear the dewlap. from anyone with dewlap tags in place, about their success. I still haven't b) The regular Boc-Loc hole punch figured out the crash with Brian has to be used, since nothing Leitch's (Brownvale) dewlap tag else works as well. However the experience years ago. Even though he punch makes a big hole, and put them on during the winter, they allows lots of room for flies to became fly blown and infected the enter. Some tags, particularly following summer. at Gerald Raspberry's were put on by using a trocar (bloat punch) . The use of hot iron or freeze This causes the skin to seal brand identification is legal in quickly around the wire of the Alberta, provided a registered brand tag. When the Boc-Loc punch was is used also. The few head that I used in fly season, fly strike freeze branded this spring aren't ucuuneu quickly, and in the case enough to demonstrate properly with, of Clay Farms, meant that all the but John Milne (Fairview) , Chester tags had to be removed a few days Raspberry (Worsley) , Uwe Heite later . (Valleyview) , and Jim Sheldon (Kinuso) have tried it and will be able to give c) Some of the ink faded. The some ideas to you "about the way they turned out. company (Bock's Cattle Identi Co, Box 614, Mattoon, Illinois, U.S.A. 61938) assured me their ink would If you want to have freeze not fade, but most of those we branding demonstrated this winter let me know. Those of you who want to put on Jerry Hale's cows did fade. For about 20c extra, the order copper alloy freeze brands for company assured me they would application of your registered brand, number tags that would be write to L & H Manufacturing Co., 410 guaranteed never to fade. To 6th Street, S.E., Box 629, Mandan, renumber tags, they must first be North Dakota U.S.A. 58554 (phone washed with a bleach cleaner, and 701-663-9821). Specify the size of numbered with an alcoho] base ink. brand you want (2V for calves, 4" for yearlings or older cattle) and send a good drawing of your registered brand. 11k cost i^ about $30/letter or figure. ( ( -3- NO TWO COWS ARE ALIKE The economists tell me that the "Implicit Price Increase" between 1955 Grazing fees are calculated by and 1985 is the difference between 26c the Animal Unit system (AU) as follows. and $1.20. This is a A. 6 times increase in all prices during 30 1000 lb cow and calf - 1 A.U. years. According to this rate of 1 bull ■= 1.3 A.U. increase, choice steers should be 92c 1 yearling ■ .67 A.U. on the hoof (20c x 4.6). The comparison between animals is Something is seriously out of great, for British breeds, but falls whack . apart when European breeds are charged. The bargain obtained from grazing the 1500 lb European cow with DON'T PANIC ABOUT NITRATES a 700 lb calf at weaning is tremendous compared to the 1000 lb black baldy It seems that many cattlemen are with a 500 lb calf. The cost is often concerned about nitrates in their the same for both. feeds this fall. Certainly drought conditions can increase nitrate REMEMBER 1955 ANYBODY? concentrations and grain "hay" or greenfeed tend to be worse than other feeds, but generally I feel that the In 1955, I came to Alberta from danger is over-rated. B.C., and went to work with Canada Packers as a buyer. I recall these Nitrates in feed are normally kinds of prices. converted to ammonia in the rumen by cattle. If an excessive amount of a) A new 1955, 2 door, 6 cylinder ammonia is present, then the bacteria Pontiac cost me $2,150.00. The turn nitrates into nitrites. Nitrites nearest thing to that would cost are absorbed into the blood and can me $11,500 in 1985. (5.3 times kill the animal by cutting off the increase in 30 years) . bloods ability to carry oxygen. b) I started to work at $320/month. To be a problem, nitrates usually If I started now it would be have to exceed 1% in the feed, and a $ 2 , 290 /month feed te^L will Lcll yuu cna l . (see your (7.1 times increase in 30 years) D.A.) If the bacteria receive extra energy, they will produce more ammonia c) Choice steers were selling for and utilize it, without producing 20c in the fall of 1955. A. , A nitrites. Adding some grain will 6(7cCh oice) steers now are selling at reduce the potential toxicity of a feed that appears to be high in (3.35 times increase in 30 years) nitrates. If analyses are available on all feeds to be used, a system of All we need to do to make money mixing or combining certain numbers of in the cattle business is by tying the bales of each feed can be figured out, price of steers to the average so that the overall level of nitrates increases of new cars and labour. In is less than 1% from all the feed 30 years that average increase is 6.2 combinat ions . (7.1 + 5.3 7 2). That means the price of choice steers should be $1.24/lb in 1985. That's live, not dressed. -A - LOANS FOR LIVESTOCK OPERATIONS TOURS Several lending agencies have Cattlemen are always coming up asked me to look over the loan with interesting things, and it's a feasibility of clients wishing to real education to visit them. I will borrow money for livestock. Often be prepared to take up to 12 at a time however, these are about to be turned in an Alberta Government Van on short down, and there is little 1 can do to tours. I'm hoping to get a B.C. ranch salvage anything for the cattlemen. tour before winter, to look at corrals, cattle, horses, and at least I would prefer to go over a loan one Panorama sale in early November. idea with the cattleman before it goes Let me know if you're interested in a to the lending agency, because four day tour. alternatives can sometimes be made to improve things for both parties. I'm not interested in the financial FINALLY picture of the whole operation, just the livestock proposal. Often two Since there is no "money" in the heads are better than one anyway! cattle business, there has got to be a lot of enjoyment or most people would COPPER AND ZINC be doing something else. One of the real enjoyments to me is being able to There are indications that handle cattle with a good saddle hoof cracks can be prevented by horse. There is little to equal the adequate levels of the trace minerals satisfaction of being able to quietly copper and zinc. Feed tests coming but efficiently look cattle over from into this office show that we seldom horseback. If you haven't enjoyed it have even half enough copper and zinc in our feeds. However cattle on before it's likely because you were mounted on some crow-bait with no cow pasture as yearlings may already have sense. You'll notice I said a "good enough deficiency to develop hoof saddle horse" though. cracks, and are easy targets for footrot. Trace mineral salt which More and more "trikes" are in. includes. 25% copper, .75% zinc (and Those are the noisy 3 wheel critters selenium) should be fed to all cattle, that have put more people in hospital all year round especially calves at than all the saddle horses ever bcm. weaning and during their 1st winter. However it's hard to argue with cattlemen like Jim Sheldon at Kinuso I think the extent of foot who finally got a trike, and claims he troubles among cattle in the Peace is can look at all his cattle in the time alarming. Feeding high copper-zinc it used to take just to catch his trace mineral salt seems like an horse ! obvious place to start solving the problem, not with antibiotics later on. I'm too old to change I guess. I agree with Terry Millikan, the Douglas BALANCING RATIONS AT LEAST COST Lake cowboy who was asked why he would possibly want to be a cowboy at those We have a computer program that will sort out the least cost wages. His reply was, "I'm too lazy combination of available feeds and to work, and too timid to steal" supplements. It's kind of overloaded and needs refining, but if anyone wants to try it, get a list of feeds to me and description of the cattle TREVOR JONES being fed, and we'll try to come up REGIONAL LIVESTOCK SPECIALIST with a least cost combination to do the job. Peace Country Cattle Newsletter June 1986 The printing of this letter has been New TM Salt Block delayed so that two notices can be inc luded : The Canada Salt Co. has introduced two Windsor Fortified salt blocks. Both The National Tripartite Price Stabili- contain salt plus iodine, zinc, zation for cow-calf and slaughter cattle manganese, copper, iron and cobalt. One is now in effect, and the sign-up block contains selenium also, and this is the one that should be used in the Peace. deadline is June 30, 1986. If you don't register on time, there is a penalty in Up until now, cattlemen have used the reduced benefits for the first year. All traditional blue blocks which only cattlemen should have received a handbook contain salt, iodine and cobalt. Now and enrollment request form in the mail. that the new formulated selenium carrying If you don't have one, Agriculture Canada blocks are here, the old blue blocks will offices and District Agriculturists likely disappear in the Peace. should have them available. The plan should be looked on as a simple insurance against a price drop, Antibiotics as Growth Stimulants not as a subsidy. An excellent update on this subject by Dr. John P. Bowland, former professor in the University of Alberta Animal Fairview College has officially decided Science Department appeared in the Spring to proceed with the planning for a bull 1986 Agrologist Magazine. In part, Dr. test station to serve both the Alberta Bowland says, "it is unfortunate that and the B.C. Peace Districts. The some of the media reports, based on College has earmarked $3,000 for a partial information, have increased construction committee to tour other public uncertainty about the use of bull test centers, so that the latest antibiotics as growth promotants. There planning developments can be included. is little, or no, evidence to support the An additional $30,000 has been budgeted claim that the practice of feeding for design and engineering requirements. sub-therapeut ic concentrations of It is hoped that the unit will be antibiotics to animals for long periods completed by September 1987. There will for the sole purpose of promoting be no bulls admitted for test until that improved growth, has contributed to the time. The station advisory committee has spread of drug resistance in the field. been named. There seems to be considerable confusion between field sensitivity and laboratory Bill Forsythe, Berwyn Morley Messner, Berwyn test sensitivity." Pat Friedel, Fairview In Canada, it is legal to use Lou Beaulieu, Fairview Aureomycin or Terramycin in cattle John Milne, Fairview rations at no more than 11 gms per tonne Bill Veidt, Grimshaw of ration (sub-therapeutic levels) . Steve Hiebert, Brownvale Steve Bodsworth, Fairview College John Fraser, Fairview College O'Connor System Revised Neil Clarke, Fairview College Dale Landry, Fairview College Last year with a group of 20 cows from Trevor Jones, Alberta Agriculture Fairview College, I was able to test the Pi m i C oi n i r \ L\ \ \ l i Nlwsli ink Cattle Corral Planning o'C.nnor system of cattle breeding, to reduce length of calving season. The O'Connor idea is to take the calves I've spent some time helping away from the cows for 48 hours, then cattlemen plan their corral systems this turn the bull in, and the calves back spring. It's interesting how each with the cows. At the time it looked operation is a little different, so a awkward, and we had to feed and water standard plan cnn only be used as a those little calves while they were guide. A video and slide series will be separated. While we were watching the available for meetings throughout the cows during the 48 hours of calf Peace this coming winter. If you want separation, we noticed that more cows to do something this summer with your seemed to be in heat in the first 24 corrals, give me a call. hours after the calves were taken away, than there were by 48 hours. University of Alberta Ranch Day This year we only separated the calves from those 20 cows for 24 hours, To be held at Kinsella (U of A Ranch) then turned the bull in, and ran the on July 25 , 1986. The University staff calves back. We'll see how long the will be reviewing their projects. If calving season is in 1987. Incidentally you want to go, contact your District the 1986 calving season for these cows Agriculturist or me, and we can organize was exactly 30 days. We'll see how long a group trip. it is next year. Peace Country Beef Symposium Feedlot Seminar The next go-round will be held There will be a Feedlot Seminar at the December 10 & 11, 1986, and will be Barrhead Inn, Barrhead, on July 7 from held at both Valleyview and Fairview 9:00 am to 5:45 pm. The topics look good s imultaneously . (agenda attached). The cost is $30.00 and registration can be made by calling the Alberta Cattle Feeders Association Calf Vaccinations (250-2509) . The Health Management Branch of Alberta Agriculture reminded me that we should be looking at essential and Growth by Implanting optional vaccinations. The essential vaccinations include the multiclos tr idial A world review of the effects of bacterins from "2 way" up to "8 way", growth implants for cattle has been and LBR/Pl^ vaccine. The optional cpoupby.l ished. Let me know if you want a vaccinations includes those for calf scours, hemophilus, BVD , vibirio, leptospirosis , etc. Blanket recommendations are not too High Tensile and Electric Fences valuable in my estimation. For example, an outbreak of BVD in my herd would If you're building fences, it would probably convince me to include routine pay you to consider either electric or BVD vaccinations in my essential high tensile fencing. The cost can be vaccination program. Local vets would up to 40% less than traditional barbwire. likely be interested in planning herd Some new publications are available. Ask health programs on a year round basis. your District Agriculturist. - 2 -

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