PatternsofEmpire TheBritishandAmericanEmpires,1688tothePresent Patterns of Empire comprehensively examines the two most powerful empiresinmodernhistory:theUnitedStatesandBritain.Challengingthe popular theory that the American empire is unique, Patterns of Empire shows how the policies, practices, forms, and historical dynamics of the American empire repeat those of the British, leading up to the present climateofeconomicdecline,treacherousinterventionintheMiddleEast, and overextended imperial confidence. A critical exercise in revisionist historyandcomparativesocialscience,thisbookalsooffersachallenging theory of empire that recognizes the agency of non-Western peoples, the impactofglobalfields,andthelimitsofimperialpower. JulianGoisanAssociateProfessorofSociologyatBostonUniversity.He is also a Faculty Affiliate in Asian Studies and New England and Amer- ican Studies at Boston University, editor of the journal Political Power and Social Theory, and former Academy Scholar at Harvard Univer- sity’sAcademyforInternationalandAreaStudies.Hisfirstbook,Amer- ican Empire and the Politics of Meaning: Elite Political Cultures in the PhilippinesandPuertoRicoduringU.S.Colonialism,wontheMaryDou- glasPrizeforBestBookfromtheAmericanSociologicalAssociationand was a finalist for a Philippines National Book Award. His other books include The American Colonial State in the Philippines: Global Perspec- tives,whichhecoedited. Patterns of Empire The British and American Empires, 1688 to the Present JULIAN GO BostonUniversity cambridgeuniversitypress Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown, Singapore,Sa˜oPaulo,Delhi,Tokyo,MexicoCity CambridgeUniversityPress 32AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,ny10013-2473,usa www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107600782 (cid:2)C JulianGo2011 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2011 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData Go,Julian,1970– Patternsofempire:theBritishandAmericanempires,1688tothepresent/JulianGo. p. cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. isbn978-1-107-01183-0(hardback)–isbn978-1-107-60078-2(paperback) 1.UnitedStates–Foreignrelations. 2.GreatBritain–Foreignrelations. 3.Imperialism– History. 4.UnitedStates–Territorialexpansion. 5.GreatBritain–Territorialexpansion. I.Title. e183.7.g6 2011 327.73–dc23 2011017075 isbn978-1-107-01183-0Hardback isbn978-1-107-60078-2Paperback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyofurlsfor externalorthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublicationanddoesnotguarantee thatanycontentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. For my parents, Heide and Julian, Jr. Contents page PrefaceandAcknowledgments ix ListofTables xiii ListofFigures xv Introduction 1 1 ImperialPathstoPower 28 2 ColonialRules 67 3 HegemoniesandEmpires 103 4 ImperialForms,GlobalFields 133 5 WearyTitans:DecliningPowers,NewImperialisms 166 6 TheDynamicsofImperialism 206 7 Conclusion 235 Appendix:NotesonData 247 ArchivesandAbbreviations 249 References 251 Index 283 vii
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