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00_KIR_67684_FM_i_xl.indd ii Achorn International 11/18/2011 11:40PM Patterns for College Writing A RhetoRicAl ReAdeR And Guide 00_KIR_67684_FM_i_xl.indd i Achorn International 11/18/2011 11:40PM this page left intentionally blank 00_KIR_67684_FM_i_xl.indd ii Achorn International 11/18/2011 11:40PM twelfth edition Patterns for College Writing A RhetoRicAl ReAdeR And Guide Laurie G. Kirszner University of the Sciences Stephen R. Mandell Drexel University BedfoRd/St. MARtin’S Boston • New York 00_KIR_67684_FM_i_xl.indd iii Achorn International 11/18/2011 11:40PM For Bedford/St. Martin’s Executive Editor: John Sullivan Production Editor: Jessica Skrocki Gould Senior Production Supervisor: Jennifer Peterson Senior Marketing Manager: Molly Parke Editorial Assistant: Alyssa Demirjian Copy Editor: Diana P. George Indexer: Leoni Z. McVey Photo Researcher: Lynn Tews Permissions Manager: Kalina K. Ingham Art Director: Lucy Krikorian Text Design: Brian Salisbury Cover Design: Marine Miller Cover Art: André Derain, Mountains at Collioure, 1905, John Hay Whitney Collection, Image courtesy of the National Gallery of Art, Washington, oil on canvas © 2011 Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York/ADAGP, Paris Composition: Achorn International, Inc. Printing and Binding: RR Donnelley and Sons President: Joan E. Feinberg Editorial Director: Denise B. Wydra Editor in Chief : Karen S. Henry Director of Marketing : Karen R. Soeltz Director of Production: Susan W. Brown Associate Director, Editorial Production: Elise S. Kaiser Managing Editor: Shuli Traub Library of Congress Control Number: 2011931599 Copyright © 2012 (published January 2012), 2010 (Published January 2009), 2007, 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin’s All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except as may be expressly permitted by the applicable copyright statutes or in writing by the Publisher. Manufactured in the United States of America. 1 2 3 4 5 6 15 14 13 12 11 For information, write: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 75 Arlington Street, Boston, MA 02116 (617-399-4000) ISBN: 978-0-312-67684-1 (paperback) ISBN: 978-0-312-62307-4 (High School edition) Acknowledgments Acknowledgments and copyrights appear at the back of the book on pages 769–773, which constitute an extension of the copyright page. It is a violation of the law to reproduce these selections by any means whatsoever without the written permission of the copyright holder. 00_KIR_67684_FM_i_xl.indd iv Achorn International 11/18/2011 11:40PM 00_KIR_67684_FM_i_xl.indd v Achorn International 11/18/2011 11:40PM For Peter Phelps (1936–1990), with thanks 00_KIR_67684_FM_i_xl.indd iv Achorn International 11/18/2011 11:40PM 00_KIR_67684_FM_i_xl.indd v Achorn International 11/18/2011 11:40PM this page left intentionally blank 00_KIR_67684_FM_i_xl.indd ii Achorn International 11/18/2011 11:40PM pRefAce Since it was first published, Patterns for College Writing has been used by millions of students at colleges and universities across the United States. We have been delighted by the overwhelmingly positive response to the first eleven editions of Patterns, and we continue to be gratified by positive feedback from the many instructors who find Patterns to be the most accessible and the most pedagogically sound rhetoric-reader they have ever used. In preparing this twelfth edition, we have worked hard to fine-tune the features that have made Patterns the most popular composition reader available today and to develop new features to enhance the book’s useful- ness for both instructors and students. What Instructors and Students Like about Patterns for College Writing An Emphasis on Critical Reading The Introduction, “How to Use This Book,” and Chapter 1, “Reading to Write: Becoming a Critical Reader,” prepare students to become ana- lytical readers and writers by showing them how to apply critical reading strategies to a typical selection and by providing sample responses to the various kinds of writing prompts in the book. Not only does this mate- rial introduce students to the book’s features, but it also prepares them to tackle reading and writing assignments in their other courses. Extensive Coverage of the Writing Process The remaining chapters in Part One, “The Writing Process” (Chapters 2 through 5), comprise a “mini-rhetoric,” offering advice on drafting, writing, revising, and editing as they introduce students to activities such as freewriting, brainstorming, clustering, and journal writing. These chapters also include numerous writing exercises to give students opportunities for immediate practice. Detailed Coverage of the Patterns of Development In Part Two, “Readings for Writers,” Chapters 6 through 14 explain and illustrate the patterns of development that students typically use in their college writing assignments: narration, description, exemplification, vii 00_KIR_67684_FM_i_xl.indd vii Achorn International 11/18/2011 11:40PM viii Preface process, cause and effect, comparison and contrast, classification and divi- sion, definition, and argumentation. Each chapter begins with a comprehensive introduction that presents a definition and a paragraph-length example of the pattern to be discussed and then explains the particular writing strategies and applications associated with it. Next, each chapter analyzes one or two annotated student essays to show how the pattern can be used in particular college writing situations. Chapter 15, “Combining the Patterns,” illustrates how the various patterns of development discussed in Chapters 6 through 14 can work together in an essay. A Diverse and Popular Selection of Readings Varied in subject, style, and cultural perspective, the sixty-nine professional selections engage students while providing them with outstanding models for writing. We have tried to achieve a balance between classic au- thors (George Orwell, Jessica Mitford, E. B. White, Martin Luther King Jr.) and newer voices (Sherman Alexie, Amy Chua, Amanda Brown) so that instructors have a broad range of readings to choose from. More Student Essays Than Any Comparable Text To provide students with realistic models for improving their own writing, we include sixteen sample student essays (one new to this edition). These essays are available as transparency masters so that instructors can use them more effectively in the classroom. They can also be downloaded from the Patterns for College Writing companion Web site, bedfordstmartins .com/patterns. Helpful Coverage of Grammar Issues Grammar in Context boxes in chapter introductions offer specific advice on how to identify and correct the grammar, mechanics, and punctua- tion problems that students are likely to encounter when they work with particular patterns of development. Practice exercises for mastering these grammar skills are available on Re:Writing , a comprehensive online exercise collection accessible at the Patterns companion Web site. Apparatus Designed to Help Students Learn Each professional essay in the text is followed by four types of questions. These questions are designed to help students assess their understanding of the essay’s content and of the writer’s purpose and audience; to recog- nize the stylistic and structural techniques used to shape the essay; and to become sensitive to the nuances of language. Each essay is also accompa- nied by a Journal Entry prompt, Writing Workshop topics (suggestions for full-length writing assignments), and Thematic Connections that identify 00_KIR_67684_FM_i_xl.indd viii Achorn International 11/18/2011 11:40PM 00_KIR_67684_FM_i_xl.indd ix Achorn International 11/18/2011 11:40PM