Pathology of Childhood and Adolescence: An Illustrated Guide PDF
Preview Pathology of Childhood and Adolescence: An Illustrated Guide
Matthew P. Lungren Michael R.B. Evans Editors Pathology Clinical Medicine of Childhood Covertemplate and Adolescence SAunb Itliltulest froart ed Guide Clinical Medicine Covers T3_HB Consolato M. Sergi Second Edition 112323 Pathology of Childhood and Adolescence Consolato M. Sergi Pathology of Childhood and Adolescence An Illustrated Guide Consolato M. Sergi University of Alberta Edmonton, AB Canada ISBN 978-3-662-59167-3 ISBN 978-3-662-59169-7 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59169-7 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE part of Springer Nature. The registered company address is: Heidelberger Platz 3, 14197 Berlin, Germany To my patients and their families, to my family, and to my students and fellows Foreword University hospitals, major hospitals, and medical care centers must have a pathological institute, and this is a long-standing requirement. This facil- ity is the prerequisite for the adequate diagnosis of most of the diseases that need to be treated. Since most major hospitals also have pediatric and pediatric and adolescent surgery, the affiliated pathological institute should either have a department for pediatric pathology or at least one or two, bet- ter three, designated pathologists of childhood pathology to meet the child-specific pathological diagnosis. It is well known that this is not always the case. There are very few institutes of pathology that have their department or division of pediatric pathology or at least have a pediatric pathologist. The well-known sentence “children are not small adults” is often not taken into account. At present, at least in the German-speaking world, pediatric pathology is only a subdiscipline of pathology. It is carried out often by general patholo- gists who are particularly interested with this field, who receive their training on their initiative, by rotating in several renowned institutions and participat- ing to congresses and meetings of the Society for Pediatric Pathology or Pediatric Pathology Society as well as national meetings of pediatric pathology. What is the challenge for pediatric pathologists? The field of work com- prises a vast field of diagnostic tasks, which implies two interlinked fields of knowledge: on the one hand, knowledge of physiological development pro- cesses, i.e., the continually changing processes for growth reasons, and typi- cal findings of the various tissues of the human body, starting with the embryo and ending in adolescents and late youth, and on the other hand, knowledge of the possible deviating pathological findings for the respective age group. This means that the ever-changing morphology of healthy development rep- resents an additional dynamic dimension in the evaluation of pathological changes that reduce the diagnostic effort of pediatric pathologists compared to that of general pathologists. An additional, not less critical, area of pediat- ric pathology is the fetal diagnosis, primarily because it can be used to clarify congenital malformations and intrauterine, perinatal, and postpartum deaths. Finally, placenta diagnosis should not be forgotten, as it can be used to detect relevant evidence not only for intra- and perinatal deaths or possible diseases in the newborn but also for pregnancy complications. In summary, in addition to diagnostics, the participation of the pediatric pathologists in the context of rare or unusual findings with discussion in the vii viii Foreword setting of multidisciplinary team meetings with general and subspecialized pediatricians, pediatric surgeons, obstetricians, and human geneticists is very well welcomed. It is surprising that the children’s pathology, although its diagnostic-scientific spectrum and its cooperation in the clinical implementa- tion of its findings differ sizably from that of general pathology, is usually covered in very few textbooks. There is virtually no truly comprehensive, clinical, and molecular biology-oriented up-to-date manual that includes detailed information for all stakeholders. Due to the far-reaching prerequisites mentioned, a great deal of courage is required to commit to the task of writing a handbook for children’s pathology because, as mentioned above, children’s pathology not only requires a com- prehensive spectrum of knowledge per se but also requires solid knowledge of the physiological processes of the growing body and – in connection with diagnostics – also specific ideas regarding pediatric or pediatric surgical treatment options. These requirements make the creation of a manual an almost unmanageable challenge if all these criteria are to be considered effi- ciently. Consolato Sergi is in the field of pediatric pathology for more than 30 years collecting experiences and acquiring knowledge. He took up this chal- lenge, as he told me about a year ago, after much consideration. His decision for this endeavor was born out of the idea of putting his extensive pediatric pathological knowledge on paper in order to fill the bibliographical gap that exists in this respect. In this context, I would like to mention a few of my memories that connect me with the author of this book. Between 2004 and 2008, Sergi was employed as a pediatric pathologist at the Pathological Institute of the Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria. As director of the Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Surgery, I had to deal with him very often, as we had to cope with a quite significant number of surgical patients. On the one hand, we repeatedly discussed not only critical problems of our shared patients (often not sparing any day of the week including Saturday and Sunday) but also scientific projects. On the other hand, we met fortnightly or weekly within the framework of multidisciplinary team meetings. The “case ideas” and discus- sions were very profitable and sustainable since Dr. Sergi, who is also pedia- trician, already had, at that time, an extensive theoretical and clinical knowledge. Therefore, he was able to contribute a lot to the clinical discus- sions, which was generally well praised. It was obvious that I remained in contact with him, who has proven him- self to this day, after his departure from Innsbruck due to our excellent coop- eration. I congratulated him on his decision to write up this textbook, which will complement the library of not only pathologists and pediatric patholo- gists but also pediatricians, pediatric surgeons, and human geneticists. Because of his knowledge and well-balanced scientific curriculum, I was sure he would be able to complete this project. In reading the table of the contents of his book, I saw my opinion confirmed. He had compiled a textbook cover- ing all relevant pediatric pathological topics. What is important to mention in this context is the fact that not only had he brought his vast wealth of knowl- edge into text but also didactically presented his theoretical and practical knowledge with a lot of pictorial material so informative that it would benefit Foreword ix not only morphologists but also clinicians. Consequently, it represents for all those who are involved – directly – in the pathological diagnosis with all its facets and in the resulting treatment of sick children or adolescents who are involved in diagnostics and research in the field of pediatric pathology as well as trainees and fellows, an essential and comprehensive source of information. Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria Josef Hager Foreword Pediatrics, the “Medicine of Children,” is an area of medical study that is very broad, diverse, and challenging. Unlike different specialties and subspecial- ties, pediatrics does not deal with an organ, system, or specialty of function but with a developing organism, the human organism in its total entirety, genetics, embryonal, fetal, neonate to adolescent. The development through this continuum presents with a diversity of pathophysiology. The Department of Pediatrics, at the University of Alberta, has recognized the research and education opportunities to answer clinically important questions that make a difference in the health of children throughout the age spectrum. In collabora- tion with all our child health colleagues, including Dr. Sergi, the Department of Pediatrics is a leading recipient of national tri-council funding and through research truly making a clinical difference. Dr. Sergi’s book is a compilation of pathological illustrations and molecu- lar biology data put together for the benefit of all who care for the newborn, child, and adolescent, including physicians, trainees, and allied Pediatric health providers. Clinical acumen depends predominantly on logical deduc- tion but also on lateral interaction with disciplines that help to understand the biology of the developing human organism. Pediatric pathology is unique because it helps pediatricians to understand not only the pathological basis of disease but also inquire into molecular biological pathogenesis. Dr. Sergi’s marvelous textbook in pediatric pathology is the crown of more than 30 years of the interaction of him with pediatricians. Joining the University of Alberta in 2008 as full professor of pathology and adjunct professor of pediatrics allowed me to interact with him very often as chair of the Department of Pediatrics at the University of Alberta, and importantly as a colleague in hep- atology and liver transplantation. For over a decade I have had the professional opportunity to interact clini- cally with Dr. Sergi. His clear explanation of concepts of pathophysiology to not only myself but to our multidisciplinary team, and most importantly our trainees, has enriched all of our intellect, and ongoing management of patients. I know that the value of such a compilation relies on extensive and thorough effort, as is witnessed in this textbook. The generosity of Dr. Sergi’s dedication, and that of his family, for the advancement of pediatric medicine and pediatric pathology is immeasurable. xi xii Foreword I wish all readers, my fellows and colleagues and myself will have the opportunity to interact more with Dr. Sergi and acquire the invaluable steps in progressing the knowledge in pediatrics. Susan M. Gilmour, MD, MSc, FRCPC Professor Pediatrics, Pediatric Gastroenterology/Hepatology Department Chair 2009–2019 University of Alberta Edmonton Canada
The list of books you might like
