pathan naziyabanu paravezkhan

171 Pages·2016·5.95 MB·English

“PEST SUCCESSION AND IMPACT OF
NITROGENOUS FERTILIZER AND INSECTICIDES
ON INCIDENCE OF LEAFHOPPER, Amrasca
biguttula biguttula (Ishida) IN OKRA”

BY
PATHAN NAZIYABANU PARAVEZKHAN
B. Sc. (Agri.)

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY
B. A. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
ANAND – 388 110

2016

(Registration No. 04-2396-2014)
“PEST SUCCESSION AND IMPACT OF
NITROGENOUS FERTILIZER AND
INSECTICIDES ON INCIDENCE OF
LEAFHOPPER, Amrasca biguttula biguttula
(Ishida) IN OKRA”

A
THESIS
SUBMITTED TO THE
ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE
OF
Master of Science
(AGRICULTURE)
IN
AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY

BY
PATHAN NAZIYABANU PARAVEZKHAN
B. Sc. (Agri.)

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY
B. A. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
ANAND – 388 110

2016

(Registration No. 04-2396-2014)
Dedicated to
My Beloved Family
Abstract
PEST SUCCESSION AND IMPACT OF NITROGENOUS FERTILIZER
AND INSECTICIDES ON INCIDENCE OF LEAFHOPPER,
Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida) IN OKRA

Name of student Major Guide
Pathan Naziyabanu P. Dr. T.M. Bharpoda

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY
B. A. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
ANAND – 388 110

ABSTRACT

Investigations on succession of major insect pests and impact of
nitrogenous fertilizer and insecticides on incidence of leafhopper,
A. biguttula biguttula in okra were carried out at Agronomy Farm,
B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand
during kharif 2014, summer, 2015 and kharif 2015; whereas residues
analysis of flonicamid 50 WP was carried out at the laboratory of All
India Network Project on Pesticide Residues, Anand Agricultural
University, Anand (Gujarat) during kharif, 2015.
Leafhopper population showed two peaks with highly significant
positive association of Bright Sunshine Hour (BSS) (r = 0.72**) and
maximum temperature (MaxT) (0.70**) during kharif, 2014. Whereas
during summer, 2015 and kharif 2015; it was noticed with two peaks.
The population aphid showed two peaks during kharif, 2014.
During summer, 2015 aphid population showed highly significant
negative association with BSS (r = -0.72**). The incidence of whitefly
remained low during all three seasons.
The highest activity of mite was recorded during 3rd week of
October, 4th week of May and 2nd week of September during kharif
(2014), summer (2015) and kharif (2015), respectively. Temperature
(minimum and maximum), BSS and wind speed (WS) were the
important abiotic factors affected the fluctuation of mite population.
The activity of mealybug was recorded only during kharif, 2015 with
highly positive association of BSS (r = 0.77**) and significant negative
association of WS (-0.62*).
Fruit damage caused by Helicoverpa armigera showed highly
significant negative association with WS (r = -0.73**), MinT (-0.78**)
and RH (-0.83**) whereas, BSS (0.77**) and MaxT (0.74**) revealed
2
highly significant positive association during kharif (2014). During
kharif (2015), MinT (-0.70*) exerted significant negative association.
The activity of Earias vittella as fruit borer was observed in all
the seasons. Correlation study revealed that BSS (r = 0.88**) and
MaxT (0.86**) exhibited highly significant positive impact whereas, WS
(-0.75**) and RH (-0.90**) had highly significant negative association
2
during kharif, 2014. During summer (2015); BSS (0.83**), WS
(0.74**), MaxT (0.79**) and MinT (0.85**) showed highly positive
significant association with the fruit damage. The activity of spiders
was seen in all the three seasons. MaxT, MinT, BSS and WS are
important physical factors interfered significantly on the activity of
spiders in okra ecosystem. During kharif, 2014; Scymnus sp. showed
highly significant association with mite (0.99**) and spiders revealed
highly significant association with aphid (0.77**). During kharif, 2015;
coccinellids showed significant positive association with aphid
(0.88**).
Dimethoate 30 EC (0.03%), thiamethoxam 25 WG (0.01%),
flonicamid 50 WP (0.015%) and dinotefuran 20 SG (0.008%) was
evaluated against leafhopper, A. biguttula biguttula infesting okra
grown with three different nitrogenous fertilizer doses viz., N (50
1
kg/ha), N (100 kg/ha) and N (150 kg/ha) as well as N (no nitrogen).
2 3 0
Flonicamid (0.75 leafhoppers/leaf) was found significantly
superior by recording the lowest population of pest. Dinotefuran (1.57)
was second best insecticide against leafhopper followed by
thiamethoxam. Significantly the lowest (2.00) leafhopper population
was recorded in N (no fertilizer plots). Treatment N (2.19) and N
0 1 2
(2.26) were at par and the highest (2.42) leafhopper population was
observed in N .
3
The different doses of nitrogenous fertilizer and insecticides had
no any significant impact on the efficacy of insecticides in okra
ecosystem against leafhopper. The treatments also reflected on okra
yield. The spray application of flonicamid 50 WP was found Below
Determination Limit (BDL) after 10 days.
In nutshell, flonicamid 50 WP (0.015%) was found most effective
against leafhopper in okra grown under recommended dose of
nitrogen i.e. 100 kg/ha. It is advisable to spray flonicamid 50 WP at
vegetative stage to avoid residue problem during picking periods.
Dr. T. M. Bharpoda
Professor
Department of Agricultural Entomology
B. A. College of Agriculture
Anand Agricultural University
Anand-388 110
Gujarat (India)

C E R T I F I C A T E

This is to certify that the thesis entitled “Pest succession
and impact of nitrogenous fertilizer and insecticides on
incidence of leafhopper, Amrasca biguttula biguttula
(Ishida) in okra” submitted by PATHAN NAZIYABANU
PARAVEZKHAN (Reg. No. 04-2396-2014) in partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in
Agricultural Entomology of the Anand Agricultural University is
a record of bonafide research work carried out by her under my
guidance and supervision. The thesis has not previously formed
the basis for the award of any degree, diploma or other title.

Place: Anand (T. M. Bharpoda)
Date: /06/2016 Major Guide
DECLARATION

This is to declare that the whole of the research work
reported herein for the partial fulfillment of the requirement for
the degree of Master of Science in Agricultural Entomology
by the undersigned is the result of investigation done by me
under the guidance and supervision of Dr. T. M. Bharpoda,
Professor, Department of Agricultural Entomology, B. A. College
of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand and no part
of work has been submitted for any other degree so far.

Place: Anand (N. P. Pathan)
Date: /06/2016

Counter signed by

(T. M. Bharpoda)
Professor
Department of Agricultural Entomology
B. A. College of Agriculture
Anand Agricultural University
Anand-388 110
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, I passionately pray to the “Al mighty God whose grace and blessing I
could be competent to achieve this endeavor.
I am indeed conceited to state that my skilled guide granted all his academic
assets to explain painstaking plans that allow me to manage all resources to complete my
research work in time. Therefore, my first and principal reserved thanks to my scholarly
guide Dr. T. M. Bharpoda, Professor, Department of Entomology, B. A. College of
Agriculture, AAU, Anand, Gujarat (India). I am also thankful to him for his painstaking
efforts in checking this thesis and making it a reality. I would remain indebted forever.
I am also undoubtedly thankful to Dr. P. K. Borad, Professor and Head,
Department of Entomology, AAU, Anand for his praiseworthy, academic and constructive
suggestions throughout the degree programme.
I am highly grateful to state my thanks to the members of my Advisory
Committee, Dr. N. M. Gohel, Assistant Research Scientist (Plant Pathology), B A C A,
AAU, Anand; Dr. D. B. Sisodiya Associate Research Scientist, Arnej, AAU, Anand and
Dr. P. R. Vaishnav, Professor and Head, Department of Agricultural Statistics, AAU,
Anand and for their valuable guidance and ever willing co-operation.
With full respect, I express my heartfelt and special thanks to Dr. D. M. Korat,
Associate Director of Research, A. A. U., Anand; and Dr. R. G. Parmar Associate
Professor of Plant Pathology, AAU, Anand for their encouragement. I am also thankful to
Dr. P. G. Shah, Shri A. R. Patel, Dr. K. D. Parmar and Milanbhai, A I N P on Pesticide
Residue, I C A R Unit, A. A. U., Anand, for their guidance and providing all facilities
during residue analysis for my research.
I acknowledge with thanks the facilities provided by the Director of Research &
Dean PG studies, A.A.U., Anand and the Principal, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand,
during the course of my studies.
I also wish to place on record my deep sense of appreciation to Dr C. C. Patel
Research Scientist, Dr. R. K. Thummar, Assistant Professor, Ku. Meeral Suthar, Assistant
Professor, Department of Entomology B A C A, AAU, Anand; Shri N. A. Bhatt,
Assistant Resesarch Scientist, Bidi Tobacco Research Station, AAU, Anand, Dr. Manish
Dabhi, Assistant Professor, and all the staff members of the Department of Entomology,