Particle and Continuum Aspects of Mesomechanics

790 Pages·30.546 MB·English

Particle and ContinuumAspects ofMesomechanics
Particle and
Continuum Aspects
of Mesomechanics
Edited by
George C. Sih
Moussa Nan-Abdelaziz
Toan Vu-Khanh
FirstPublishedinGreatBritainandtheUnitedStatesin2007byISTELtd
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LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
ParticleandcontinuumaspectsofmesomechanicsleditedbyGeorgeC.Sih,MoussaNan-
Abdelaziz,ToanVu-Khanh.
p.ern.
Includesbibliographicalreferences.
ISBN-13:978-1-84704-025-1
I. Fracturemechanics-Congresses.2. Continuummechanics-Congresses.
3. Microstructure-Congresses.4. Micromechanics--Mathematicalmodels--Congresses.
I.Sih,G.C.(GeorgeC.)II.Nan-Abdelaziz.Moussa.III. Vu-Khanh,Toan.
TA409.P3772007
620.1'I292--dc22
2007014815
BritishLibraryCataJoguing-in-PublicationData
ACIPrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary
ISBN13:978-1-84704-025-1
PrintedandboundinGreatBritainbyAntonyRoweLtd.Chippenham,Wiltshire.
List ofsponsors
President ofMeso 2007
Xuhong Qian, President
EastChinaUniversity ofScience and Technology
Co-chairmen
Prof. Moussa Nait Abdelaziz
Line UniversityofSciences and Technology, Polytech' Line, France
Prof. George C. Sih
Office ofJ. ofTheoretical and AppliedFracture Mechanics,
EastChinaUniversity ofScience and Technology
Prof. T Vu-Khanh
Universite du Quebec, Ecole detechnologie superieure
Scientific committee
X'H. Qian, EastChinaUniversityofScience and Technology, China
MNaitAbdelaziz, Polytech' Line, France
G C. Sih, East ChinaUniversity ofScience and Technology, China
TVu-Khanh, Universite du Quebec, Ecole de technologie superieure,
Canada
K.T. Chau, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
J.H. Li, Chinese AcademyofSciences, China
Y. Bai, Chinese Academy ofSciences, China
P. M ST de Castro, UniversityofPorto, Portugal
C C Chamis, NASA Glenn Research Center, USA
F K Chang, StanfordUniversity, USA
E P Chen, SandiaNational Laboratories, USA
K P Chong, National Science Foundation, USA
QW Dong, Zhengzhou University, China
GN Haidemenopoulos, UniversityofThessaly, Greece
Y SHong, Chinese AcademyofSciences, China
PHorst, Technical UniversityofBraunschweig, Germany
R Jones, Monash University, Australia
M K Kassir, City University ofNewYork, USA
JD Lee, George Washington University, USA
A QLi, SoutheastUniversity, China
Z X Li, SoutheastUniversity, China
H FNeid, Lehigh University, USA
LNobile, UniversityofBologna, Italy
V E Panin, Russian Academy ofSciences, Russia
SG Pantelakis, University ofPatras, Greece
C P Spyropoulos,National Technical University ofAthens, Greece
ST Tu, EastChinaUniversity ofScience and Tech., China
A GYoutsos, Joint Research Center, Inst. ofAdv'd Mat'ls, The Netherlands
HY Yuh, Naval Research Laboratory, USA
JMLefebvre, Lille University ofSciences and Technology, France
C Fond, Louis PasteurUniversityofStrasbourg, France
L Tadrist, Polytech'Marseille, UniversityofMarseille, France
C La Borderie, UniversityofPau, France
A Menou, UniversityofPau, France
L. Jinghai, Chinese AcademyofScience, China
F. Sakli, UGPO-Pole technologique de Monastir, Tunisia
International organizing committee
H FRen, EastChinaUniversity ofScience & Technology, Shanghai, China
Local organizing committee
M. Nait-Abdelaziz, Polytech' Lille, France
A. Zaoui, Polytech' Lille, France
T.Vu-Khanh, Ecole de technologie superieure, Universite du Quebec,
Canada
N.Benseddiq, Polytech' Lille, France
Z.W. QU, Polytech' Lille, France
1.M. Lefebvre, Lille UniversityofSciences and Technology, France
L. Tadrist, Polytech'Marseille, University ofMarseille, France
F.Zairi, Polytech' Lille, France
1.M. Gloaguen, Polytech' Lille, France
Z. Azari UniversityofMetz, France
A. Hamdi Polytech' Lille, France
Preface
The International Society ofMesomechanics (ISM) was established in 1996 to
foster the advancement of science and technology in relation to segmentation of
scaling in size and time where transitory behavior is created. For each succeeding
year, the mission of ISM becomes better focused. The 9th annual meeting Meso
2007, "Particle and Continuum Aspects ofMesomechanics: Integrity Thresholds for
Materials and Structures", May 13-17, was held at Presqu'Ile de Giens inthe south
ofFrance, its aim being to disseminate the current thinking on the subject to the
scientific andengineering community atlarge.
It is becoming clear that materials and structures undergo a hierarchy of
thresholds atthe different scale, although not allofthem could bereadily identified.
Theassessment depends onthe size ofregion under consideration andthe resolution
ofthe microscopic or telescopic site. The birth and death oforganic or inorganic
matters are manifestation of thresholds representing the transitory character of
nature. As the body size becomes smaller and smaller, these thresholds are less
obvious and there are no reasons why they should disappear, although the physical
laws governing their behavior may differ. Still amatter ofdebate isthe appropriate
use of the bulk properties as an average or of the local properties of discrete
particles. Mesoscopic regions prevail where the particle andthe bulk interplay. The
mesoscopic behavior may be loosely regarded as the transition from particle to
continuum or vice versa. This transition is no doubt size and time scale size
sensitive. Reconciliation ofthe contrasting views are to say the least not in sight.
The present indication is that physical laws are not size scale invariant. Hence,
multiscaling isnot only an issue ofmeasurements but itembarks on the foundation
ofphysics, chemistry and mechanics. What has already transpired and hasyet to be
developed may not be a continuous process. Segmentation ofsize and time scales
canbe found inthedistinction ofmacro-stress, micro-stressand dislocation-stressas
they are identified with the corresponding linear dimension oftheconstituent ofthe
solid. They canberanked withthe respective unitsofMPa,GPa and EPa. Therange
ofscaling, however, appears to be truncated with the intermediate units ofTPa and
PPa missing. They can presumably (but not necessarily) correspond to a cluster of
dislocations and subgrain boundary precipitates with linear dimensions ofthe order
of 10-6·5 em and 10.5.0 cm, respectively. This completes the full range of defects
ranked by the lineal dimension from ]0.2.0 em to ]0.80 em and the corresponding
stresses with units ofMPa, GPa, TPa, PPa and EPa, such that their differences are
separated by three orders of magnitude in Pascal. By the same token, similar
features ofsize scaling can be found by observing larger objects that are cosmic in
size. If a particle size of10-42em in lineal dimension is used for reference, then the
universe, galaxy, solar system and earth would follow the respective dimensions of
1038, 1023, 1013and 108 cm. This corresponds to 1080, 1065, 1055and 1050 particles.
The same particle size, however, will not yield a reasonable size spectrum for
objects smaller than the human body. This observation suggests a discontinuity in
the processofscaling, notto mention aninability toaccount forthe reconciliationof
thedifferencebetween thediscrete and continuum viewpoints.
These mind boggling problems will remain fortimes tocome. Nevertheless, it is
important to be aware oftheir implications. The topics selected for Meso 2007 will
perhaps helptoillustrate the relation ofthresholdsto multiscaling. Among the topics
suggested are:
• Flowthrough capillary tubes incontrast to pipes
• Laminar andturbulentflowtransition
• Heatconvection ofthinwire incontrasttocylinders
• Electrical conductanceofmacro- andnano-circuits
• Rubbery andglassy polymers
• Single- andpoly-crystal behavior
• Strength ofwires andround cylindricalbars
• Uni-axial and multi-axial material: linearandnon-linearresponse
• Thin andthick plate behavior
• Brittleand ductile fracture
• Small and large crack growth behavior
• Low andhigh temperatureeffects
• Local and global material propertycharacteristics
• Small and large bodies: size andtime effects
• Specimenand structure
It should also be mentioned in passing that finding a common ground for life and
material science may generate new ideas that are needed to unravel the secret of
nature. Mesoscopic behavior seems to be entangled with transition that necessitates
the notionofthresholds.
The encouragement and support provided by the sponsored are gratefully
acknowledged:
• LaboratoiredeMecaniquede Lille (LML)
• Universitedes Scienceset TechnologiesdeLille
• Polytech'Lille
• CNRS
• APOLaR
• LAVISION
The efforts ofthe contributing authors and those who assisted in organizing the
conference are gratefully acknowledged. Special thanks are due to the members of
the local committee fortakingcare ofthe participants.
Presqu'Ilede Giens, France
May, 2007
G.C. Sih
M.Nait-Abdelaziz
T. Vu-Khanh
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section I:Physical MechanismsofMultipleDamage .
Multiplehierarchicalscale-dependency onphysicalmechanismsofmaterial
damage: macromechanical,microstructuraland nanochemical-G.c. Sih . . 3
Surface layers and innerinterfacesas functional subsystemsofsolid- V.E. Panin,
S.V. Panin and A.V. Panin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 37
Microstructural evolution indual-phasesteels athigh strain-rates
M.N. Bassimand A.G. Odeshi . 45
Plasticdeformation insinglecryctal Ni3Fe(thin and thickplates)
S.V. Starenchenko,V.A. Starenchenkoand LP. Radchenko .... 55
Mechanismsofphysical aging inpolypropylene- G. Gueroand T. Vu-Khan. 63
Section II:Physical, MesoscopicalandMultiscale Models . . . . . . . 73
Finite element homogeneizationforthe determinationofthe RYE sizefor
elastoviscoplasticPolycrystallineMaterials- H.Haddadi andA. Salahouelhadj 75
An incrementalenergy based fatigue lifecalculationsmethodformetallic
structures under multiaxialamplitudeloadings - 1.Benabes,N. Saintier,
T.Palin-Lucand F.Cocheteux . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Meso/microfatigue crackgrowthinvolving crystal structure andcrack geometry
C.A.Rodopoulos andG.Chliveros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 91