Parenting and the State in Britain and Europe, c. 1870-1950: Raising the Nation PDF
Preview Parenting and the State in Britain and Europe, c. 1870-1950: Raising the Nation
Edited by Hester Barron & Claudia Siebrecht Parenting and the State in Britain and Europe c. 1870-1950 Raising the Nation Parenting and the State in Britain and Europe, c. 1870–1950 Hester Barron • Claudia Siebrecht Editors Parenting and the State in Britain and Europe, c. 1870–1950 Raising the Nation Editors Hester Barron Claudia Siebrecht University of Sussex University of Sussex Brighton, United Kingdom Brighton, United Kingdom ISBN 978-3-319-34083-8 ISBN 978-3-319-34084-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-34084-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016958103 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Cover image © World History Archive / Alamy Stock Photo Printed on acid-free paper This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland A cknowledgments This book is the result of a research project initially funded by a British Academy small grant (#SG130207), which enabled us to bring together a group of early career academics to share their expertise and ideas on the relationship between parents and the state. We are grateful to all partici- pants for two very engaging workshops at the University of Sussex and for pursuing a collective research agenda with such enthusiasm, commitment and openness. The result is an edited collection that—we think—is more than the sum of its parts. All the contributions benefited greatly from the input of Anna Davin, Carol Dyhouse, Colin Heywood and Stephanie Spencer, who acted as discus- sants at our second workshop and who helped us to focus the many different ideas that were aired. Carol Dyhouse in particular has been supportive of this project from its beginning, while Colin Heywood continued to offer advice as the book developed. Others provided feedback and helped to stimulate ideas, particularly Manon Pignot and Martina Salvante, while Glyn Prysor and Nick Stargardt provided encouragement and support. Our colleagues at Sussex were—as always—very generous with their time. They willingly acted as sounding boards and we are especially grateful to Claire Langhamer, Iain McDaniel, Lucy Robinson, Gerhard Wolf and Kim Wünschmann in this regard. Two of our students, Amy Gower and Kasia Tomasiewicz, also provided research assistance. Finally, we would like to acknowledge both the administrative and financial assistance provided by the School of History, Art History and Philosophy at the University of Sussex. October 2016 Hester Barron and Claudia Siebrecht v c ontents 1 Introduction: Raising the Nation 1 Hester Barron and Claudia Siebrecht 2 Parenthood, Citizenship and the State in England, c.1870–1914 25 Siȃn Pooley 3 The ‘Breastfeeding Crisis’: Parenting, Welfare Policies, and Ideology in Imperial Germany, 1871–1914 49 Katja Haustein 4 Parenting, Infanticide and the State in England and Wales, 1870–1950 73 Daniel J.R. Grey 5 Parenting, Poverty and the NSPCC in Ireland, 1889–1939 93 Sarah-Anne Buckley 6 ‘I Looked After the State, but the State is Not Looking After Me’: Parenting and the Population Crisis in First World War Germany 115 Claudia Siebrecht vii viii CONTENTS 7 Parents, Teachers and Children’s Well-being in London, 1918–1939 137 Hester Barron 8 Notions of Parenting and the Home in the Institutional Care of Delinquent Girls in Finland, 1920s–1940s 161 Kaisa Vehkalahti 9 Parents, Children and the Fascist State: The Production and Reception of Children’s Magazines in 1930s Italy 183 Kate Ferris 10 ‘Knowing how to be a Mother’: Parenting, Emotion and Evacuation Propaganda during the Spanish Civil War, 1936–1939 207 Suan Sheridan Breakwell 11 In loco parentis: Junior Cadet Schools in the Soviet Union during the Second World War 231 Olga Kucherenko 12 Motherhood and the Yugoslav Communist State in the Revolutionary Era, 1943–1953 255 Jelena Batinić Index 277 l ist of figures Fig. 1.1 Diagram from M. Bondfield (1914) The National Care of Maternity 14 Fig. 5.1 Number and sex of persons proceeded against for non-indictable offences, 1927–40 98 Fig. 10.1 Drawing of lamentation scene published in Nueva República, February 1937 212 Fig. 10.2 Ministry of Public Instruction posters for colonias 215 Fig. 10.3 Poster of the Women’s Section of the Spanish Communist Party 219 Fig. 11.1 A decorated student of a Suvorov college who had already seen action despite being underage 240 Fig. 12.1 Cover of Žena u borbi (Woman in the Struggle), 1943 256 ix l A ist of bbreviAtions AChMP Archive of the Black Sea Port Authority, Ukraine AGA Archivo General de la Administración (General Administration Archive), Madrid, Spain AFŽ Antifascist Front of Women, Yugoslavia AMV Archivio Municipale di Venezia (Municipal Archive of Venice), Italy AVII Vojni Arhiv (Military Archive), formerly Arhiv Vojnoistorijskog Muzija (Archive of the Museum of Military History), Belgrade, Serbia AVNOJ Antifascist Council of National Liberation of Yugoslavia BLAC Bromley Local Archive Centre, Bromley, UK CAO City Archives of Oulu, Finland CAT City Archives of Turku, Finland CNIE National Council for Evacuated Children, Spain CPY Communist Party of Yugoslavia DCRO Durham County Record Office, Durham City, UK EOA Ente Opera Assistenziale (Italian fascist para-state welfare organisation) ERO Essex Record Office, Chelmsford, UK FPI Fundación Pablo Iglesias, Madrid, Spain GARF The State Archive of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia GStAPK Geheimes Staatsarchiv Preußischer Kulturbesitz (Prussian Secret State Archive), Berlin, Germany LCC London County Council, London, UK LMA London Metropolitan Archives, London, UK xi xii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS LRO Lancashire Record Office, Preston, UK MIP Ministry of Public Instruction, Spain NAF National Archives of Finland, Helsinki, Finland NKO People’s Commissariat of Defence, USSR NKP People’s Commissariat of Enlightenment, USSR NKVMF People’s Commissariat of the Navy, USSR NSPCC National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children ONB Opera Nazionale Balilla (Italian fascist youth group organisation) ONMI Opera Nazionale Maternità e Infanzia (Italian fascist National Organisation for Maternity and Infancy) PCE Spanish Communist Party PNF Partito Nazionale Fascista (Italian National Fascist Party) RGANI Russian State Archive of Contemporary History, Moscow, Russia RGASPI Russian State Archive of Socio-political History, Moscow, Russia TNA The National Archives, Kew, UK
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