Parentheticals Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today (LA) Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today (LA) provides a platform for original monograph studies into synchronic and diachronic linguistics. Studies in LA confront empirical and theoretical problems as these are currently discussed in syntax, semantics, morphology, phonology, and systematic pragmatics with the aim to establish robust empirical generalizations within a universalistic perspective. General Editors Werner Abraham Elly van Gelderen University of Vienna / Rijksuniversiteit Arizona State University Groningen Advisory Editorial Board Cedric Boeckx Ian Roberts Harvard University Cambridge University Guglielmo Cinque Ken Safir University of Venice Rutgers University, New Brunswick NJ Günther Grewendorf Lisa deMena Travis J.W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt McGill University Liliane Haegeman Sten Vikner University of Lille, France University of Aarhus Hubert Haider C. Jan-Wouter Zwart University of Salzburg University of Groningen Christer Platzack University of Lund Volume 106 Parentheticals Edited by Nicole Dehé and Yordanka Kavalova Parentheticals Edited by Nicole Dehé Freie Universität Berlin Yordanka Kavalova University College London John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam / Philadelphia TM The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of 8 American National Standard for Information Sciences – Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ansi z39.48-1984. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Parentheticals / edited by Nicole Dehé and Yordanka Kavalova. p. cm. (Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, issn 0166-0829 ; v. 106) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Grammar, Comparative and general--Parenthetical constructions. I. Dehé, Nicole. II. Kavalova, Yordanka. P293.35.P37 2007 415--dc22 2007009986 isbn 978 90 272 3370 7 (Hb; alk. paper) © 2007 – John Benjamins B.V. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, or any other means, without written permission from the publisher. John Benjamins Publishing Co. · P.O. Box 36224 · 1020 me Amsterdam · The Netherlands John Benjamins North America · P.O. Box 27519 · Philadelphia pa 19118-0519 · usa Table of contents Preface vii List of contributors ix Parentheticals: An introduction 1 Nicole Dehé & Yordanka Kavalova Syntax and its interfaces Spoken parenthetical clauses in English 25 A taxonomy Gunther Kaltenböck Integrated parentheticals and assertional complements 53 Markus Steinbach The complement of reduced parentheticals 89 Christian Fortmann Long extraction or parenthetical insertion? 121 Evidence from judgement studies Tanja Kiziak And-parenthetical clauses 145 Yordanka Kavalova On the syntax and semantics of appositive relative clauses 173 Francesca Del Gobbo Invisible constituents? 203 Parentheses as B-merged adverbial phrases Mark de Vries Parentheticals Semantics/Pragmatics and their interfaces Reduced parenthetical clauses in Romance languages 237 A pragmatic typology Stefan Schneider Prosody and its interfaces The relation between syntactic and prosodic parenthesis 261 Nicole Dehé Quieter, faster, lower, and set off by pauses? 285 Reflections on prosodic aspects of parenthetical constructions in modern German Sandra Döring Name index 309 Subject index 311 Preface This volume is based on the workshop on Parenthetical Constructions, which was held as part of the 28th Annual Conference of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft (DGfS), hosted by the University of Bielefeld in February 2006. The aim of the workshop was to bring together prosodic, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic approaches to paren- theticals in order to achieve a more comprehensive insight into this phenomenon than previously known, and to combine theoretical and empirical perspectives. We would like to thank all participants of that workshop, the speakers for their pres- entations and the audiences for their interest in the workshop and the stimulating and fruitful discussions of the questions raised in the course of the three workshop days. We would like to take the opportunity to thank the following people for the time and expertise they contributed to the reviewing process: Peter Ackema, Dora Alex- opoulou, Douglas Arnold, Nicolas Ballier, Dagmar Barth-Weingarten, Diane Blake- more, Dirk Bury, Philippa Cook, Nigel Fabb, Werner Frey, Silke Hamann, Daniel Hole, Evelin Keizer, André Meinunger, Gerald Nelson, Karin Pittner, Marga Reis, Vieri Samek-Lodovici, Christoph Scheepers, Anna-Brita Stenström, Luka Szucsich, Mark de Vos, Michael Wagner, Anne Wichmann, and Yael Ziv. We are also grateful to Werner Abraham and Elly van Gelderen and to John Ben- jamins Publishing for the opportunity to publish this book in the Linguistics Today series, and to Kees Vaes for the editorial assistance. The workshop and book might not have been possible without research grant DE 876/1 by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) to Nicole Dehé, and the sup- port of the Graduate School of University College London to Yordanka Kavalova. Konstanz (Germany) & Oxford (UK), January 2007 Nicole Dehé & Yordanka Kavalova List of contributors Nicole Dehé Freie Universität Berlin Dept of English Language, Literature and Culture Gosslerstr. 2–4 14195 Berlin Germany [email protected] Francesca del Gobbo Universita’ di Venezia, Ca’ Foscari Dipartimento di Studi sull’Asia Orientale Palazzo Vendramin dei Carmini Dorsoduro 3462 – 30123 Venezia (VE) Italy [email protected] Sandra Döring Universität Leipzig Institut für Germanistik Beethovenstr. 15 04107 Leipzig Germany [email protected] Christian Fortmann Universität Stuttgart Institut für Maschinelle Sprachverarbeitung Azenbergstraße 12 70174 Stuttgart Germany [email protected]