Paraverbal Communication with Children Not through Words Alone Paraverbal Communication with Children Not through Words Alone Evelyn Phillips Heimlich and J. Arlene Mark Foreword by Harlow Donald Dunton PLENUM PRESS • NEW YORK AND LONDON ISBN-13 :978-1-4612-7906-8 e-ISBN-13 :978-1-4613-0643-6 001' 10.1007/978-1-4613-0643-6 To protect the privacy of individual patients, names, places, and other identifying facts contained herein have been fictionalized. © 1990 Plenum Press, New York Softcover repint of the hardcover Ist edition 1990 A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation 233 Spring Street, New York, N.Y. 10013 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher Foreword For over twenty years I have been privileged to observe, partic ipate in, and contribute to the development of the ideas and techniques that culminated in this most unusual, impressive, and useful book. While it is difficult to convey in words the total experience of this innovative therapeutic approach, this volume enables the reader to become a part of these therapy sessions and to learn to "know" and appreciate these fruitful methods. The techniques described in detail in this volume are designed for use with children who are viewed as "resi stant" and uncommunicative-a fairly large percentage of youth who have not responded to traditional therapy. The approach is based on many practical assumptions. Among them are the idea that rhythm, of whatever nature, cannot be "shut out"; that one can have pleasure in producing com- v vi FOREWORD munication (fun of all things); and that pleasure and accep tance lead to the integration of motility, emotions, and ideation. These all lead to increased self-esteem and compe tence. The selection of the modality is completely individu alized and leads to a therapy with the child-not to or at the child. To complete the circle, the method is eminently teachable. Thus, both students in training and practicing therapists who are concerned with promoting growth and development in the children they treat will find this guide exceptionally use ful and stimulating. H. D. Dunton, M. D. Clinical Professor of Psychiatry Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons New York, New York Acknowledgments The author would like to take this opportunity to acknowl edge our debt of gratitude to the many people who partici pated in the development of Paraverbal Communication as presented in this book. Our greatest feeling of gratitude goes first of all to all those children whose communication needs stimulated both of us to find ways of helping them. Deep appreciation goes also to Dr. Sydney G. Margolin, who gave the name Paraverbal Therapy to the method after reviewing some of the children's problems and Mrs. Heimlich's work with them. Profound thanks also go to Dr. Harlow Donald Dunton, as both Mrs. Heimlich's supervisor and mentor in the Child Psychiatry Department at the New York State Psychiatric Institute, where he served as head of the Department of Child Psychiatry. Gratitude goes as well to Dr. Anne Hardesty, who for years analyzed weekly the vii viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Paraverbal Communication Method work being done with inaccessible children. Thanks also to Dr. Daniel Stern, who repeatedly analyzed videotapes of Paraverbal Communica tion sessions and who designated the sound and movement techniques used in Paraverbal Communication as maneu vers. The help of Evelyn Heimlich's brother Robert Phillips was invaluable in reviewing the presentation style of the ma terial in the book. To Evelyn's son, Arthur, go thanks for pa tient review of the material and for supplemental typing. Our thanks go as well to Bernard Mazel, who recognized the unique contribution of the Paraverbal Communication Method. And finally, profound appreciation goes to our hus bands, Milton Heimlich and Reuben Mark, without whose cheerful and generous support this book would never have come to be realized. We gratefully acknowledge permission to reprint lyrics for the following songs from the sources indicated: "Russians" by Sting. ©1985 Magnetic Publishing Ltd.lReggatta Music, Ltd. Used by permission. All rights reserved. "Be Good Johnny," words and music by Colin Hay and Greg Ham. ©1982, 1983 April Music Pty. Limited. All rights for the USA and Canada con trolled and administered by Blackwood Music Inc. All rights reserved. International copyright secured. Used by permission. "Pressure," by Billy Joel. ©1981, 1982 Joel Songs. All rights controlled and administered by EMI Blackwood Music Inc. All rights reserved. Inter national copyright secured. Used by permission. "Growing Up," words and music by Lawrence Smith and Jalil Hutchins. ©1986 Zomba Enterprises Inc.lFunk Groove Music Inc. (administered by Zomba Enterprises Inc.)/Zomba Music Publishers Ltd. All rights controlled by Zomba Enterprises Inc. for USA and Canada. All rights reserved. Used with permission. "Comfortably Numb" by David GilmourlRoger Waters. ©1979 Pink Floyd Music Publishers Inc. Used with permission. '~nother Brick in the Wall" by Roger Waters. ©1979 Pink Floyd Music Pub lishers Inc. Used with permission. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ix "In the 80's," lyrics and music by Graham Nash. ©1980 Nash Notes. Used by permission. All rights reserved. "To the Aisle" ©1957 Wemar Music Corp. Used with permission. "School Days" by Chuck Berry. ©1957 Used with permission. E.P.H. A.M. Contents Introduction .... " ... , ........ " . . .. .. . . . . .. . . . 1 Part One The Paraverbal Communication Method 1. Why Children Do Not Communicate and Who Is Referred for Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2. Parav erbal Communication and Why It Works. . . . 17 3. How and When to Apply Specific Paraverbal Maneuvers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 39 xi xii CONTENTS 4. Diagnostic Assessment through Paraverbal Communication ............................. 63 Part Two Specific Referral Difficulties and the Paraverbal Communication Response 5. The Abused Child ............................. 85 6. Individual and Peer Learning: Paraverbal Communication Empowers Children to Learn .. 99 7. The Mentally Retarded Child ................... 119 8. The Autistic Child ............................. 141 9. Metaphoric Lyrics as a Bridge to the Adolescent's World ........................... 159 10. The Child as '~ssistant Therapist" .............. 175 11. Mother and Child Learn to Communicate through Paraverbal Maneuvers ................ 187 12. How Parents Can Use Paraverbal Communication Principles at Home with Their Children ........ 231 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 241 About the Authors ............................. 247 Index ......................................... 249
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