Paraphrases on the Epistles to Timothy, Titus and Philemon, the Epistles of Peter and Jude, the Epistle of James, the Epistles of John, and the Epistle to the Hebrews PDF
Preview Paraphrases on the Epistles to Timothy, Titus and Philemon, the Epistles of Peter and Jude, the Epistle of James, the Epistles of John, and the Epistle to the Hebrews
COLLECTED WORKS OF ERASMUS VOLUME 44 This page intentionally left blank COLLECTED WORKS OF E R A S M US NEW TESTAMENT SCHOLARSHIP General Editor Robert D. Sider PARAPHRASES ON THE EPISTLES TO TIMOTHY, TITUS, AND PHILEMON THE EPISTLES OF PETER AND JUDE THE EPISTLE OF JAMES THE EPISTLES OF JOHN THE EPISTLE TO THE HEBREWS translated and annotated by John J. Bateman University of Toronto Press Toronto / Buffalo / London The research and publication costs of the Collected Works of Erasmus are supported by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. The publication costs are also assisted by University of Toronto Press. www.utppublishing.com © University of Toronto Press 1993 Toronto / Buffalo / London Printed in Canada ISBN 0-8020-0541-1 Printed on acid-free paper Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Erasmus, Desiderius, d. 1536 [Works] Collected works of Erasmus Includes bibliographical references. Partial contents: v. 44. New Testament scholarship : paraphrases on the letters to Timothy, Titus, and Philemon, the letters of Peter and Jude, the letter of James, the letters of John, the letter to the Hebrews / translated and annotated by John J. Bateman. ISBN 0-8020-0541-1 (v. 44) 1. Erasmus, Desiderius, d. 1536. I. Title. PA85OO 1974 876'.04 C74-oo6326-x Collected Works of Erasmus The aim of the Collected Works of Erasmus is to make available an accurate, readable English text of Erasmus' correspondence and his other principal writings. The edition is planned and directed by an Editorial Board, an Executive Committee, and an Advisory Committee. EDITORIAL BOARD Alexander Dalzell, University of Toronto James M. Estes, University of Toronto Charles Fantazzi, University of Windsor Anthony T. Grafton, Princeton University Paul F. Grendler, University of Toronto James K. McConica, All Souls College, Oxford, Chairman Mechtilde O'Mara, University of Toronto Jane E. Phillips, University of Kentucky Erika Rummel, Wilfrid Laurier University Robert D. Sider, Dickinson College J.K. Sowards, Wichita State University G.M. Story, Memorial University of Newfoundland Craig R. Thompson, University of Pennsylvania James Tracy, University of Minnesota EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Alexander Dalzell, University of Toronto James M. Estes, University of Toronto Charles Fantazzi, University of Windsor Anthony T. Grafton, Princeton University Paul F. Grendler, University of Toronto James K. McConica, All Souls College, Oxford George Meadows, University of Toronto Press Mechtilde O'Mara, University of Toronto Jane E. Phillips, University of Kentucky Erika Rummel, Wilfrid Laurier University R.J. Schoeck, Lawrence, Kansas R.M. Schoeffel, University of Toronto Press, Chairman Robert D. Sider, Dickinson College J.K. Sowards, Wichita State University G.M. Story, Memorial University of Newfoundland Craig R. Thompson, University of Pennsylvania James Tracy, University of Minnesota ADVISORY COMMITTEE Danilo Aguzzi-Barbagli, University of British Columbia Maria Cytowska, University of Warsaw Otto Herding, Universitat Freiburg Jozef IJsewijn, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Robert M. Kingdon, University of Wisconsin Paul Oskar Kristeller, Columbia University Maurice Lebel, Universite Laval Jean-Claude Margolin, Centre d'etudes superieures de la Renaissance de Tours Bruce M. Metzger, Princeton Theological Seminary Clarence H. Miller, St Louis University Heiko A. Oberman, University of Arizona John Rowlands, The British Museum J.S.G. Simmons, Oxford University John Tedeschi, University of Wisconsin J. Trapman, Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen J.B. Trapp, Warburg Institute NEW TESTAMENT SCHOLARSHIP COMMITTEE J.J. Bateman, University of Illinois H.J. de Jonge, Rijksuniversiteit te Leiden J.K. McConica, University of Toronto Bruce M. Metzger, Princeton Theological Seminary Jaroslav Pelikan, Yale University Robert D. Sider, Dickinson College, Chairman Craig R. Thompson, University of Pennsylvania Contents Preface by Robert D. Sider ix Translator's Note by John J. Bateman xiii Paraphrase on the First Epistle to Timothy 1 Paraphrase on the Second Epistle to Timothy 39 Paraphrase on the Epistle to Titus 55 Paraphrase on the Epistle to Philemon 69 Paraphrase on the First Epistle of Peter 75 Paraphrase on the Second Epistle of Peter 109 Paraphrase on the Epistle of Jude 123 Paraphrase on the Epistle of James 131 Paraphrase on the First Epistle of John 171 Paraphrase on the Second Epistle of John 203 Paraphrase on the Third Epistle of John 207 Paraphrase on the Epistle to the Hebrews 211 Notes 261 The Sequence and Dates of the Publication of the Paraphrases 380 Editions of the Paraphrases Cited in This Volume 381 Works Frequently Cited 383 Short-Title Forms for Erasmus' Works 387 Index of Scriptural Passages Cited 391 Index of Greek and Latin Words Cited 399 General Index 402 Preface The nature and scope of the series of volumes to be published as the New Testament scholarship of Erasmus have been described in the preface to volume 42. That volume also provided introductory studies on the origin and nature of the Paraphrases, their publication history, and sixteenth-cen- tury translations of the Paraphrases in English. Those essays should prove useful to readers of this volume. At a later date, a full introduction to the New Testament scholarship of Erasmus will appear in a volume pro- legomenous to the series (CWE 41). This volume (CWE 44) contains the Paraphrases on what are commonly called the Pastoral and the Catholic or General Epistles, together with Hebrews. These Paraphrases were all published in just a little more than a year (late 1519-early 1521). The Paraphrases on the Catholic Epistles and on Hebrews were the last to appear of those on the New Testament Epistles; Erasmus thereafter turned to paraphrasing the Gospels. The Paraphrases translated here add light and lustre to common Erasm- ian themes. Perhaps nowhere among the Paraphrases will one find a fuller definition of 'godliness' than here. In these Paraphrases godliness is seen to begin in faith and baptism - though the precise role played by each remains characteristically ambiguous. On the other hand, there is little ambiguity in the representation of the fundamental hostility between faith and philos- ophy; faith believes, it does not dispute; philosophy, the endless investiga- tion of questions, does not lead to godliness. In the notes, Professor Bate- man shows the reliance of Erasmus on Chrysostom in the formulation of this position, and locates in Erasmus' writings elsewhere the antithesis between faith and philosophy expressed in much the same terms as here. No one, however, is perfectly formed in baptism, and the idea of godliness includes the need for perseverance and growth in good works. Ultimately, claims Erasmus, to be godly is to become like God, and he does not leave his reader without an indication of the 'works' needed to achieve such a happy state. He speaks of self-renunciation, of 'slaying the passions'
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