Paracalliope, a genus of Australian shorelines (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Paracalliopiidae)

29 Pages·1992·8.5 MB·

1
Memoirs ofthe Museum ofVictoria 53(1): 1-29 (ll>l>2)
PARACALUOPE, A GENUS OF AUSTRAL IAN SHORELINES
(CRUSTACEA: AMPHIPODA: PARACALLIOPIIDAE)
By J. L. Barnard'* and M. M. Drummond
1 Department of Invertebrate Zoology. NHB-163, Smithsonian Institution. Washington. DC 20S60, USA
: Department ofCrustacea. Museum of Victoria. Swanston Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
Abstract
Barnard, J.L. and Drummoiul. MM. 1992. Paracalliopc. a genus ofAustralian shorelines
(Crustacea: Amphipoda: I'aracalliopiidae). Memoirs ofthe Museum ofVictoria 53: 1-29.
SpeciesofParacalliopcarewidelydistributedalongsouth-easternopen-seashores,brack-
ishinletsandcertainfreshwaterstreamsofAustralia.Wedescribehereextensivecollections
ranging from southern Queensland through New South Wales and Tasmania to western
Victoria.Theidentityo\ Plicntsaaustralisllaswell(1880)isnow confirmed from numerous
topotypic collections, at Cape Hanks, as the first species of Paracalliopc described from
Australia and as the senior synonym of Paroediceropsis raymondi learn-Wannan (1968).
Paracalliopc iarai Knott (1975), a freshwater Tasmanian species, is re-examined and par-
tially re-described. A third mostly marine and widespread new species. /' lonryi, is
described and a fourthspecies. /' victims, alsonew.with quite variablebrackish-freshwater
habitat, is described in numerous collections from Tasmania.
Introduction Museum (AM). Queensland Museum (QM)and
I'asmanian Museum (I'M). Many replicate
The Paracalliopiidae wereestablished by Bar- samples have been identified but only one from
nard and Karaman ( 1>82) to include Paracai- each locality is reported here. Maps and station
HopeStubbing, 1899, and Indocalliopc Barnard localities for most ofthe Victorian material are
ananrddKaanrdamDarnu,mm19o8n2.d (La1t9e8r4.),KaDtooocwaillaioBpacrnBaarrd- found in Barnard and Drummond (1976, 1978,
1979. 1982).
and Drummond (1987) and Yhi Barnard and The Paracalliopiidae and Paracalliopc arc
Thomas (1991) were added to the group. The newly diagnosed, with lists oftheir laxa. Three
family is now revised to include species from keys to genera ofthe family were given by Bar-
Aerulsytreaxlaimaiwnheidc.hThheereetaorlfioerset hkanvoewnnotspbeecieenspfrroopm- onfarPdaraancdalTlhioopmcaissg(i1v9e9n1h)earne.dNaukmebyetrosthiensspqeucairees
Australia. Paracalliopc australis (llaswell. brackets are geographic codes listed in Barnard
1880). is properly described forthe first time. P. and Barnard (1983).
Iarai Knott is reviewed and two new species are SpecimensofParacalliopcare frequently very
described. difficult to handle because they break up easily
Most species ofthe Paracalliopiidae have an and preserve poorly, for the most part, the
affinity forbrackish wateroroccur in freshwater manipulation of specimens is very tedious and
or very shallow marine waters along shores, frustrating because of these difficulties.
mainly in high tidcpools. Their known distri-
New
bution extends from India to Australia,
Zealand, New Caledonia, and Fiji. Legends
Most of our material comes from Victorian Capital letters in figures refer to parts; lower
surveys (Western Port and Port Phillip Bay), case lettersto left ofcapital letters refertospeci-
from Gippsland lakes or from various brackish mens and to the right refer to adjectives as
lagoons and river mouths in New South Wales, described below: A, antenna; B, body; C, coxa;
Tasmania and Queensland. Collections arc in D. dactyl; E, cpimcron; F, accessory llagellum;
the Museum ofVictoria (NMV), The Australian (i.gnathopod; H, head; E, labium; M, mandible;
P, pereopod; Q, calceolus; R, uropod; S, maxil-
* Jerry L. Barnard died on 16 August 1991 liped; T, telson; U, upper lip; V. palp; W, plcon;
shortly after this manuscript was accepted for X, maxilla; Y, gill; /, oostcgitc; d, dorsal; I, left;
publication. 0, opposite appendage to nearby figure; r, right;
.1. L. BARNARD AND M. M. DRUMMOND
s, setae removed and marked with circles- Diagnosis. Paracalliopiidae bearing mandibular
ovals. palp; inner plate ofmaxilla 1 fully setose medi-
ally; oostegites diverse, 2-3 expanded, 4-5 slen-
Paracalliopiidae Barnard and Karaman, 1982 der; epimera with angular posteroventral cor-
Diagnosis. Body plan ordinary but urosomites ners; peduncle of uropod 3 elongate. Calceoli
like eusirid kind of Lincoln and Hurley (1980:
pt2ar-iu3rmefdu;asnepddertseoigoneputoshderf;7orsehlaoannptgeeanotnefahaen2addodroidrfidfnieanreranyrt,y,ferryooesms- gb1ue1iy1fo)onwrdimtbhourdlilsaatraarlnoadwn-drheepcaerdpotxsaichmlaaep;leded.ilsetmalenetleexmteenntdliinng-
shorter pereopods 5-6, dactyl of pereopod 7
elongate and setose; gnathopods sexually Species.
diverse, mittenform in female, enlarged mitten- P. australis (Haswell, 1880, 1882) (= Paroediee-
form in male, with thin carpi and expanded ropsis raymondi Fearn-Wannan, 1968) (Delia
propodi twisting inward on death. Telson of Valle. 1893asPherusaaustralis)(?=P.Jluviatilis
ordinary length, entire. det.ofChilton, 1920), marine,SEAustralia[784
Sexual dimorphism. Gnathopods diverse, + E].
large in male, small in female. P. jhtviatilis (Thomson, 1879) (J.L. Barnard,
1972; Hurley, 1975: Lewis, 1976; Chapmanand
dRiecleatriootnisdhaiepi.nPtahrealcaaclklioofpaipiidcaaeldsipfifneersfornomraEmxioeo-f Lewis, 1976), fresh water, New Zealand [935],
uropods 1-2; from Oedicerotidae in the paired LewP.isk,ar1i9t7a6n;eCJh.La.pBmaarnnaarnd,d L1e9w7i2s,(H1u9r7l6e)y,,b1r9a7c5k;-
eyes, fused urosomites (occasionally present in ish. New Zealand [936X].
Oedicerotidae), non-galeate head and odd gna-
P. larai Knott, 1975, fresh water, Tasmania
thopods; from Eusiridae-Calliopiidae in the
[941].
fused urosomites -2andoddgnathopods; from
Dexaminidae in th1egreatly elongate pereopod 7 P. lowryi Barnard and Drummond, herein,
wsoint.h elongate setose dactyl and the uncleft tel- souP.thm-eaapsetlearnMAyuesrtsr,al1i9a85[,784m]a.rine, Fiji [576].
P. novaeealedoniae Ruffo and Paiotta, 1972,
Listofgenera. Paraca/liopeStebbing, 1899; 210; fresh water, New Caledonia [933].
Indoealliope Barnard and Karaman, 1982: 182; P. novizealandiae (Dana, 1852, 1853) (= P.
Katoealliope Barnard and Drummond, 1984: neozelanicusThomson and Chilton, 886; Chil-
1
147; Doowia Barnard and Drummond, 1987: ton, 1909; J.L. Barnard. 1972), marine. New
117; Yhi Barnard and Thomas, 1991:284. Keys Zealand [775].
tothegeneraweregiven by BarnardandThomas P. vieinus Barnard and Drummond, herein,
(1991). brackish-fresh water, Tasmania [783EF].
speciesinquirenda(=P.jhtviatilisdet. ofChil-
Paracalliope Stebbing ton, 1921), fresh water, Philippines [982].
ParaeallioptStebbing, 1899:210(typespecies. ('al- Habitat and distribution. New Zealand, Aus-
l—iopeftuviatilisThomson, 1879, original designation). tralia, New Caledonia, Philippines, Fiji, weakly
.I.L. Barnard, 1972: 70. marine, mostly cstuarine to fresh water.
Paroecliveropsis Fearn-Wannan, 1968: 50 (type
species. Paroedkeropsis raymondi Fearn-Wannan,
1968, original designation).
Key to species ofParacalliope (adults)
(P. larai is cited twice because ofpossible misinterpretation ofepimera)
No rami ofuropods 1-3 with more than 1 spine each 2
At least 4 rami ofuropods 1-3 each with 2 or more spines '. '. 3
2. Female coxa 1 widened distally, coxa 2 tapering distally, carpal lobe of
female gnathopod 2 halfas long as propodus P. novaeealedoniae
Femalecoxa 1 taperingdistally, coxa2 broadeneddistally, carpallobeof
female gnathopod 2 one fourth as long as propodus P mapela
3. Epimera 2-3 with large tooth (fig. 8nW) " 4
Epimera 2-3 with small tooth (fig. 4E) ' \
AUSTRALIAN AMPHIPODS OFTHEGENUS PARACAUJOPE
4. Male gnathopod I as small as in female, eyes enlarged (mandibular palp
article 3 with 1-3 basofacial setae, outer ramus of uropod I with 0-1
spine) I' lowryi
Male gnathopod enlarged, eyes medium (other characters mixed) 5
1 .
5. Mandibular palp article 3 with 0-1 basofacial spine-seta, outer ramus of
uropod 1 with 2 spines, epimeron 3 without spines in adult . ./'. larai
Mandibular palp article 3 with 3 basofacial spine-setae, outer ramus of
uropod with spine, epimeron 3 with 3 spines P. vicinus
I I
6. Male eyes small, pereopods 3-6 with dactylar slit 7
Male eyes large, dactylar slits absent 8
7. Male pereopods 3-4 with setae poorly developed, mandibular palp
— article 3 with 2 basofacial setae P. kaiiliuic
Malepereopods3-4with setae largeand dense, mandibularpalparticle 3
lacking basofacial setae 1' auslralis
8. Epimera 2-3 with widely sweeping posterior concavity directly leading
— to protuberant posteroventral tooth P, larai
Epimera 2-3 with narrowly contained posterior concavity from which
small sharp posteroventral tooth emerges 9
9. Gland cone small, lateral cephalic lobes weak, female gnalhopods with
— medium carpal lobes 1' iiovizcalantliav
(iland cone large, lateral cephalic lobes prominent, female gnathopods
P
with large carpal lobes IUiyhiIiIis
Paracalliope australis (Haswell) comb, nov 1194798",sVNIM),Vsa.n1d6,90h4a(njduvenenti,leMv.oMu.chDerni"mjbm"o,n1d.,78ImmD)e;c
Figures 1-4, 10 (part) NMV .16903 (juvenile voucher "ja", 1.13 mm). Mer-
Pherusaaustralis Haswell, 1880: 103, pi. 7 lig. I. - iNmMbuVlaJ,I3Ba0c9k0(Lmaaknev,);M.LMak.eDlrlluamwamroran,de.ntrIanDceec, N19M75V,
1882: 246. .122287(3).
Paroediceropxis raymondi Fearn-Wannan, 1968: Tasmania. Nierinna (reek, near Margate(43°02'S,
51-58, tigs 12-15. I47"13'L). T. Walker, NMV .113093 (many), NMV
NMV
MBaottearniyalBayex[aNmiSnWe]d,. Holotype lost, type locality: .(1f6e9m1a2le(fveomuaclheervo"usc"h,er2.8"9m"m,m)3,.64NMmNmV)M,.V16909 (f.e16m9a1leI
Ncotvpe. Botany Bay. (ape Banks, 5 Mar 198s. voucher"p", 3.30mm, illustrated)N,MV ,16914 (juv-
supralittoral. P. Versteger. AM P.35636 (male "ll" enile voucher "t". 1.86 mm)N,MV .16907 (male
P3EnN.aanM3rgOm1oldtVeeihmd)ePtm,r.oc)1ie1nN.rt5toy7M,ppieVL(SIa,kmrJaeaHtIye5KOrm8iiLonan(gOl4d.4T(i,3Y7Vo2'iPf15cEtwVoshSrli.oiicafde,hIs4P,7aa("riPf4oiIeeAp'wdpRLis)ecAl,exaTranAoYdmppiPrinlsHeaISk9dre5as7oay.,sf SmvvDyoowme"uua)v\ccen.hh3lee.oRN7rrip1vMm"eme"|Vr"mhn,,")t..s,i11Al6.Nue962t10.M6h0,7oVm0r(Imi)f.J)tem6y,mHm9.aoI)lgNJ,eguHMlifvnVeos1m,u9a7c.T8lh1,a6ee9srN0vm8.o"aM1uw6n(c9V"mih,IaaeNSl.in21eM.6"F(96Vuvji08"uso5,vhumeec(2nrmjh.iiu)e6lev;re0s-
"mFfoaaalrO"lleteow3hw.es"e5l,.rdl3,"nmmae3mtw.e.l4Kry8iifandelmgem.msaCi,legenInm"tsaalbrtala"enledd2.B."b9aey1s"slTme3Satm.ttsr3,eam8riasmtmn,aaimln2a.8ed"kscim/"(.e313s9.:.'o23ff42e<.mm8aam'plS.ee, e(aSWnurfaityenlcmerdma.lolveuNoe2ut6MvRchioh,AVveuueicTgrha,"esk1roma9na"7",nkr3,iho3a"a.N,nd23Mff2mVri.iso6uh6m.,e1r6Wmii9lmye5ls)nu4s,yDt(ar2ea)Nrv;tdeMeSdl)Vwto.oapnW.mpa1eor1nr3att0l,9a.A2h1eu6,st(9tIh0uP)-6-.;
(GBImS4o4aNSm°l-eIoeSw6"n't1ESk0a)o7".n)ud.3t1.8hGN6.m3MCW.a.mVlBlmei.,nsJe.P1m.so3aaoN0nlre8deco8,t"RWy(tIVpmH)e."SOalI2ro.dc9aea7lp,iimtbyIme,Nn,toAhfvMieem1as9Pll83ee0d5",(6tsM3nt.6"n oBS1r(l9iuV7tfIiy6fcI,tBoA(Nr.3iM8aM",V0S3I(.i..J5i1'1pp1S3r3p,e00sl8l87ia4Imn4(di(79In)")La.3;arIkyLe'aLss)ku,,ervLeaGKyi.k,nCeg.s,tVBni.Ncn(teMJoaP6rrVoi0a9oP,-ra5eyn,necaIesr5tvNiRlaoeflvd,e
2.60mm,juvenile"to"2.48 mm, verifyingtaxonomy; (37"55.5'S, 147'43'I ), stn (1609-29, .16997 (9);
T(dJ(NIoerwoInreo)vecf,sVko.IDel9led8d1e8eA9,B.WaMSmvhAeu,ypMdSdPLh1.yaa9P3g8.d93s4or15a,oa46ncn.2dR3ku7(ap(3n((prL7d5ei))3;e;aaLklS,Tgba.weMe/doe,..f1orA4osi.m9tlmc'udMr5bdau4u,.'rBlLarma,Ayau,My0d.,F(a73in5i6sI'd.'hm35eVA,54ra.6'inR23Se-.89.s J,(LNm1JaIoM16k3n30e0V09d88-K562.Ii81sn(,(6lgmI9a,)aN0n;n2dnMyeL)((Va3fa;r7ek"mLe.P5aa1o4l6ki'eK8eSn,i0,tn0KgviJI,o(n4oum7gncan",elhe4seea9Lrr'a(Lvs3)"ot7K,ku"e"o5cls,f5lht'ynePS3ro,.(Hi5J"1neI6it4a0"7m9dS"-m3c42.)o5(5t8,'3,t6L7,)"NNm,5Rm4MMas')ytVSV,-n.
J. L. BARNARD AND M. M. DRUMMOND
AUSTRALIAN AMPH1PODS OF THE GENUS PARACALUOPE
I47°55'E). stn G609-41. NMV .113083 (I). NMV propodus ovately expanded, palm about as long
J13079 (1); Lake King, near NMoMsVquito Point as posteriormargin ofpropodus, well defined by
(37*53.5'S, 147°52'E). stn G609-33, .113081 (1). change in slope, palm with organized clusters ot
NMV J6998 (I); Lake King, N of Kellv Head armaments, dactyl fitting palm, with several
NMV
(37°53.5'S, 147°55'E). stn G609-39, .113078 subapical setules. Carpus ofgnathopod 2 form-
(s1t1n);G6L0a9k-e14K,inNg,MnVearJ1E3a0g7le7P(2o)i;ntLa(k3e7°K5i3n'NSg,,MN1V47o°f4E4a'Eg)l.e tihnigncopmopslteerxioorf2lobbaesalcusrwevlilnigngdsissitadde,bypsriodpeoadnuds
((PL13oa)7i;k°ne5t1LK.(ai53n'k7gS°e..52N'1KS4iM.7n°Vg4I,84'7.1°E64n)74,e9'as9Ert)n(.mGmsa6toln0eu9Gtv-6ho20u09c,-oh1fNe6rM,T"Vaf.m.1b41o.350.5181Rm03im0v()8e1)2;r; twpuiartlnhmin2golbaltiienqruwaela,radnddeoe4nplmyeddeaaintadhl,fraaocgvigaaletdoslrpycicnteeaxsncgapuvrlaoatxrei.,-
Altona salt ponds. G. Davey, NMV ,16901 (male mal to ragged margin, dactyl slender, fitting
voucher"ha", 3.29 mm); Merri River, J.D. Kudenov. palm.
NMV J6953 (9). Article 4 ofpereopods 3-6 slender, posterior
margins of articles 4-6 of pereopods 3-4 with
Description ofmale neotypt "tl" 3,31 mm. Ros- moderately long setae in fascicles, generally fas-
trum small, lateral cephalic lobe adze-shaped, cicle formula number on articles 4-6 = 4-6-5.
sinus receivingantenna 2 deep, eyes small (arti- each fascicle with 1-4 setae (see illustrations).
ficially shrunken), widely separate. Antenna 1 Only one member each of pereopods 3 and 6
scarcely shorter than antenna 2, tlagellum with with conspicuousslit on dactyls, all with setules.
14 articles, calceoli absent; one aesthetasc each Pereopods 5-6 of ordinary amphipod dimen-
on articles 9. 11. 12. 13. and rudimentary on 14. sions, 6 slightly larger than 5. article 2 ovate,
Glandconeofantenna 2 very prominent,almost poorly produced posteroventrally, almost
reaching apex ofarticle 3 (in lateral view), fla- smooth, each with midfacial ridge, that on
gellum with 10 articles, one calccolus each on pcreopod 5 naked, that on pereopod 6 setose.
articles 3, 4. Pereopod 7 enlarged, article 2 broad and
Epistome flat anteriorly, upper lip articulate subquadrate, weakly and subsharply produced
and rounded-truncate below, anterior pub- posteroventrally, dactyl over 110% as long as
escence poorly developed. Mandibles of basic article 6, with about 6 anteriorfasciclesofsetae,
gammaridean plan, incisors toothed, right and numerous single posterior setae in tandem and
left laciniae mobiles toothed, right and left 10+ apical setae.
briafkiedrs(p3osasnidbly4 2resrpaekcetrisvelfyu,sefdi?r)st; rmaoklerarontrilteuf-t eloPnlgeaotep,odssuobredqiunaalry,anpdedumnucllteiaerltiocnuglaattee,.raNmoi
rative, bearing apical seta; palpar hump small, pleonal epimeron dominant, each with tiny pos-
articles 1-2 naked, article 3 especially teroventral tooth and weakly to strongly convex
pubescent, formulaofspines= 3D. 5E, with 3 of posterior margin (epimeron 2 weakest), epime-
E setae simple, others penicillatc, basofacial ron 1 with 1-2 (L + R) facial spines and 3 ante-
setae absent. Inner lobes oflower lip well devel- roventral setae, epimeron 2 with 3-4 (R + L)
sofupplielnydessa,entpdoaslfelpmese2hd-yai.ratlIilncynu,learotucpt,learstpepilonafotsemeawxiaitplihlcaa1l1l1yda,ilvrmeiorgsshtet shveopnritinrzeaolnatnadlbluytI,seestupubilemmaeirrngoitnnaan3ldewmsiptihhnoer1sizsoiunntbamlatlraygnindneeaamlr
and left palpsalike. Platesofmaxilla 2 subequal antcroventral edge. Uropods 1-2 extending
in size, innerwith facial row ofsetae. Innerand subequally, uropod 3 slightly shorter, dorsola-
outer plates of maxilliped weakly spinose, palp teral margin of peduncle on uropod 1 with 7
short, stout, dactyl unguiform. with about 2 spines, and discernible apical gap, medial with
one apical spine, outer ramus scarcely shorter
accessory setules.
Coxae 1-7 short, almost glabrous, almost of than inner, outerwith 1 dorsal spine, innerwith
escvaernceldyepethxpaexncdeepdt icnoxmaid7dles,horctoexnaed,4 cwoexaakly1 sIp.inPeesd,unmceldeiaolf wuirtohpoodne2 awpiictahl,2oduotresrolrataemruasl
excavate posteriorly and weakly lobate poste- shorter than inner, outer with 2 dorsal spines,
roventrally; coxae 2-6each with narrowsac-like inner with 2. Peduncle of uropod 3 elongate,
gciallrpwuisthofpcgdniactuhlaotpeodbas1e.poMinetdiinugmslsigihzteldyldoibsetaodn. wriatmhusI sdcoarrscoemleydsihaolrtsepritnheaannidnnbears,alassletounlge,asopuetedr-
Fmalaleleuere"k1a"Pa3r.a2c3almlimO:pepau-strfaelmtas,leun"apt"tr3i.b3u0temdmfi;gusre-s=femmaallee""ms"2hh.oo8ll9oottmyyppmee. 3.64mm;g= male"g" 3.71 mm;ka
J. L. BARNARD AND M. M. DRUMMOND
AUSTRALIAN AMPHIPODS OF THE GENUS PARACALUOPE
uncle, with 1 dorsal spine, inner with 1 dorsal with 3 lateral and 4 medial facial spines proxi-
spine, each ramus with subapical setule. Telson mal to ragged margin, dactyl slender, fitting
linguiform, entire, with 2 pairs of dorsolateral palm.
setules in middle and one apicolateral setule on Article 4 ofpereopods 3-6 slender, posterior
one side only. margins of articles 4-6 of pereopods 3-4 with
Description of adult male "m". Rostrum longsetae in fascicles, generally fascicle formula
small, lateral cephalic lobe adze-shaped, sinus number on articles 4-6 = 4-5-7. each fascicle
receiving antenna 2 deep, eyes ofmedium size, with 1-6 setae (see illustrations). Dactyls with
widely separate. Antenna 1 scarcely shorterthan conspicuous slit and setules. Pereopods 5-6 of
antenna 2, flagellum with 16articles, onecalceo- ordinaryamphipod dimensions. 6 slightly larger
luseach on articles 1. 2. 3. 4, 5, 7: oneaesthetasc than 5, article 2 ovate, poorly produced poste-
each on articles 1 1. 13. 14. 15 and rudimentary ro\entrally. almost smooth, each with midfacial
on 16. Gland coneofantenna 2 very prominent, ridge, that on pereopod 5 naked, that on pereo-
almost reaching apex of article 3 (in lateral pod 6 setose. Pereopod 7 enlarged, article 2
view), flagellum with 17 articles, one calceolus broad and subquadrate, weakly and subsharply
each on articles 1, 2. 3. 4. 5, 7. Epistome flat produced posterovcntrally, dactyl over 90% as
anteriorly, upper lip articulate and rounded- long as article 6, with about 5 anterior fascicles
truncate below, anterior pubescence poorly ofsetae, numerous single posterior setae in tan-
developed. Mandibles of basic gammaridean dem and 7+ apical setae.
plan, incisors toothed, right and left laciniae Pleopods ordinary, peduncle elongate, rami
mobiles toothed, right and left rakers 3 and 4 elongate, subequal and multiarticulate. No
respectively, first raker on right bifid (possibh 2 pleonal epimeron dominant, each with tiny pos-
rakers fused?); molar triturative. bearing apical tcrovcntral tooth and weakly to strongly convex
seta; palpar hump small, articles 1-2 naked, posterior margin (epimeron 2 weakest), epime-
article 3 especially pubescent, formula ofspines ron 1 with 2 facial spines and 5 anteroventral
= 4D. 3E. with 2 ofE setae simple, others peni- setae, epimeron 2 with 4 ventral but submargi-
cillate. basofacial setae absent. Inner lobes of nal spines in tandem horizontally and one
lower lip well developed and fleshy. Inner plate strongly facial smallerspines, epimeron 3 with 2
ofmaxilla almost fully setose medially, outer submarginal spines in tandem horizontally near
1
plate with diverse spines, palp 2-articulate, anteroventral edge. Uropods 1-2 extending
1 1
spinoseapically. right and left palpsalike. Plates subequally, uropod 3 slightly failingsameexten-
of maxilla 2 subequal in size, inner with facial sion, dorsolateral margin ofpeduncleon uropod
row ofsetae. Inner and outer plates of maxilli- 1 with 9 spines, medial with one apical spine,
ped weakly spinose. palp short, stout, dactyl outer ramus scarcely shorter than inner, outer
unguiform. with about 4 accessory setules. with 2 dorsal spines, inner with 3. Peduncle of
Coxae 1-7 short, almost glabrous, almost of uropod 2 with 6 dorsolateral spines, medial with
even depth except coxa 7 shortened, coxa I oneapical,outerramusshorterthan inner,outer
scarcely expanded in middle, coxa 4 weakly with 5 dorsal spines, inner with 3. Peduncle of
excavate posteriorly and weakly lobate postc- uropod 3 elongate, with 2 dorsomedial spines
roventrally;coxae2-6 each with narrowsac-like and basal setule, outer ramus scarcely shorter
gill with pcdiculate base. Medium sized lobe on than inner, as long as peduncle, with 2 dorsal
carpus ofgnathopod pointing slightly distad, spines, inner with 2 dorsal spines, each ramus
1
propodus ovately expanded, palm about as long with subapical setule. Telson linguiform, entire,
asposteriormargin ofpropodus, well defined by with 2 pairsofdorsolateral setules in middleand
change in slope, palm with organized clusters of one apicolateral setule on each side.
armaments, dactyl fitting palm, with several
subapical setules. Carpus ofgnathopod 2 form- Femaleparatype "in"2.60mm. Eyesofmedium
ingcomplex of2 basal swellingsside byside and size. Flagellum of antenna 1 with 6 articles,
thin posterior lobe curving distad, propodus article 5 with one aesthetasc. Flagellum of
turning inward on death, ovatorcctangular, antenna 2 with 10 articles. Gnathopods, see
palm oblique, deeply and raggedly excavate, illustrations. Article 7 ofpereopod 7 about 90%
figure 2. Paracalliape OUStratiS, unattributcd figures - male "m" holotype. 3.64 mm; p - female "p" 3.30
mm.
J. L. BARNARD AND M. M. DRUMMOND
.
AUSTRALIAN AMPHIPODS OF THE GENUS PARACALLIOPE
as longasarticle 6, with 3 anteriorsetae, 2 pairs uropod 3 with 3 dorsal spines! (2 medial, 1 lat-
ofposteriorsetaeand 10apical setae. Epimeron eral).
1 with 1 facial spineand 2 anteroventral setules;
epimeron2with2facialspines;epimeron3lack- Juvenile "j". Flagellum ofantenna 1 with 6 or 7
ing spines. Spine formulas on peduncle, outer articles, aesthetascs present on articles 4-5 or 5-
ramus and inner ramus ofuropods: uropod = 6-7;flagellumofantenna2with 7articles. Sliton
1 dactyls ofpereopods 3-6 dim. Epimeron with
ulr-lo-plo-dl-l3(s=li1g,ht1,ga1p.)-l, 1, 1; uropod 2=1-1,2,2; omneerofnac2iawlistphi2nefaacinadls2piannetse,reovpeinmterraolns3etwaie1,theopuit-
Female "p". Pereopod 7 broken. Like male but spines. Spine formulas on—uropods, peduncle of
antennaelackingcalceoli, flagellum ofantenna 1 uropod 1 = 3, both rami = 0; peduncleofuro-
with 1 1 articles, one aesthetasc each on articles pod 2=1, each ramus with 1; outer ramus of
6, 8, 9, 10, (11 rudimentary); flagellum of uropod 3 = 0, inner = 1
antenna 2 with 13 articles. Coxae 1-4 longer
ptohsatnerionvemnatlrea,llcyoxeaxte1ndseodm,ewchoaxtaena2s-i3fonramrraonwd, Jaunvteenninlaee "1j-a2",wistmhal5leasntd a6vaaritliacbllees.reFslpaegcetlilvaelyo;f
length ratio ofpeduncular articles = 5:3:3. Pos-
coxa 4 with strongly beveled ventral margin
teriormargin ofarticle 6 on pereopods 3-4with
towardposteriorside.Oostegites2-3broad,4-5
narrow and setose. Gnathopods feeble, equally only 1 conjoint pair of setae, slits absent. Epi-
ssallsiepgnrhdtoelpryomadnoidr.eganleamltoohsnotgpaotofedst1ahmmaneucilnhenmgmatolhre,,ecacsralpreinpduaessrwlaiontndhg a(megrpeamirpamopmeenerdn)o1-tnOsw-3,Oi,=tshpo0if.noueSnrpefoionptreoimndufylo2arf=amocufi1la-eal0ps-1iso,emfteoafrue,orunornpo2oopd=oodt11,h3=eo3=rf
large lobe pointing distad, propodus subrectan-
0-0-0. Article 2 of pereopod 7 with one poste-
gular but weakly expanding apically, palm sub-
rodistal seta, article 7 oflong form, with 3 main
transverse; carpus of gnathopod 2 with weak
apical setae, 2 short posterodistal setae, and 3
posterior lobe, palm oblique. Pereopods 3-4
other marginal setae.
poorly setose compared with male (see illustra-
tions). Seefemale"s" forpereopod 7 distinction Variables ofmales "c, d, e,fg, h. "Sizesbetween
below. Differences ofepimera probably varietal 2.70 and 4.55 mm. Flagellum ofantenna 1 with
(see illustration), one spine ofepimeron 1 more asmanyas 18 articles, calceolusformulas=2, 3,
ventrad, one of epimeron 2 poorly developed, 4,6 or2, 3. 4. 5, 7 or2. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or2, 3, 4, 6, 8.
one of epimeron 3 missing and other weak. Aesthetascson lOonfvon 9-11-13-15-16-17-18,
Some uropods betterspined than in male; outer or 10-12-13-14. or 1 1-13-15-16-17-18. Antenna
and inner rami respectively with spines as 2 flagellum with up to 20 articles, calceoli for-
follows: uropod 1 = 3 and 3, uropod 2 = 3 and 3, mulae either 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 or2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9 or
uropod 3 = 2 and 2. 2, 3, 4, 6. 8 or 3, 4, 6. Eyes enlarged or not.
Articles 5 and 6ofpereopods 3-4with upto6or
Female "s". Pereopod 7 showing major female 7 setal fascicles. Epimeron 1 with 1-2 facial
differences from male, pereopod 7 shorter and spines and 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 anteroventral setae;
dactyl much shorter than article 6, anterior and epimeron 2 with 3 or 5 or 4 and 1 rudimentary
posteriorsetae fewerbut apical setae dense. Fla- facial spines; epimeron 3 with 1, 2 or 3 facial
gellum ofantenna 1 with 9 articles, one aesthe- spines. Teeth of epimera occasionally obsol-
tasc each on articles 6, 7, 8, 9 (rudimentary). escent or blunted. Spine formulas on uropods,
aYnotuenngnama1lweith"t"8.arCtailccleeso,lionaebsaeenstt,hetfalsacgeelalcuhmoonf 6p1;,ed2o;uutniecnrnleerraorfmauumsruo=spo=2,d23,,13=4;,u55r,;6o,ipno9n,de1r20;rpeaodmuutunescr=lrea2=,mu34,,s45=,;
articles 5, 6, 7; flagellum of antenna 2 with 7 peduncle ofuropod 3 = 2, 3; outer ramus= 2, 3;
articles. Epimeron 1 with one facial spine and inner ramus = 2, 3.
one anteroventral seta, epimeron 2 with one
facial spine, epimeron 3 lacking spines. Spine Variables offemales "a, b, k, s, u, w". Sizes
formula on outer and inner rami ofuropod 1 = between 2.60 and 3.53 mm. Flagellum of
0-1, uropod 2= 1-1, uropod 3= 1-1, peduncle of antenna I with upto 1 1 articles, ofantenna 2 up
Figure3.Paracalliopeauslralis, unattributedfigures=male"m"holotype, 3.64mm;p=female"p"3.30mm;s=
female "s" 2.89 mm.
AUSTRALIAN AMPHIPODS OF THE GENUS PARACALLIOPE
to 12 articles; aesthetascs on flagellum of the slits are so dim as to be useless for identifi-
antenna 1 = 6. 7. 8, 9 or 7, 9, 10, 1 1. Epimeron 1 cation.
with 1-2 facialspinesand 3,4, 5, 8anteroventral There is considerable variation in the size of
setae; epimeron 2 with 2, 3, 5, 6 facial spines; posterodorsal setules-spines on article 2 ofper-
epimeron 3 with 0, 1, 2, 3 facial spines. Spine eopod 7.
formulason uropods, peduncle ofuropod 1 = 5, The excessive gap between ultimate and pen-
8. 10, 1 1; outer ramus= 1. 2; innerramus= 2, 3; ultimate spines on the peduncle of uropod 1 is
uropod2peduncle=2, 3,4.6;outerramus=2,3, about 95%accurate in separatingP. lowryi from
4; inner ramus= 2. 3. 4; peduncle ofuropod 3 = P. australis but a few specimens ofP. australis
2, 3; outer ramus = 1, 2; inner ramus = 1, 2, 3. have a slightly increased gap so that the charac-
Article 7 ofpereopod 7 aberrant in female "a" terisnotwholly reliable. Inthematerial athand,
(with 8 eggs), as long as in male. onecan stateforcertaintythat lackoftheexcess-
Aberrantmale "ha", 3.22mm. Aberrantbecause ive gap is wholly characteristic ofP. australis.
ofabsence ofspine on outer ramus ofuropod Relationship. This species is very close to the
andslightgappresentbetween ultimateandpen-1 three known species of Paraealliope from New
ultimate spines on peduncle of uropod 1. Zealand (J.L. Barnard, 1972) but differsfrom P.
otherwise P. anstralis characters typical: epi- jluviatilis, P. karitane and P. novizealandiae in
mera, pereopods 3-4, dactylarslits, head shape, thepresenceoflongsetaeonarticles 5-6ofmale
mandibular palp article 3 and eyes. pereopods 3-4. Most specimens ofParaealliope
australis also differ from P. jluviatilis and P.
Aberranl male "ka" and female "kb." Eyes novizealandiae in the presence ofthe conspicu-
enlarged (illustrated), ommatidia slightly dis- ous slit in the dactyls ofpereopods 3-6, but this
persed, pigment weak; thus intermediate in eye slit is occasionally absent in P. australis. The
size between ordinary specimens ofP. australis Australian species istherefore very similarto P.
and specimensoff. lowryi;specimensotherwise karitanebut differs from that species in the lack
with scarcely any excessivegap in spineson uro- ofbasolateral setae on article 3 ofthe mandibu-
pod 1, setae ofepimeron 1 weak. larpalp. Italsodiffersfrom P. karitaneintheless
NMV tumid propodi on male and femalegnathopods,
Male of J13088. Identification doubtful smallerteeth on epimera 2-3, and thesmall car-
because mandibular palps and pereopods 3-4
missing, third uropods aberrant; provisionally pal lobes of female gnathopod 1.
Paraealliope australis differs further from P.
identified as P. australis because ofsmall teeth novizealandiae in the lack of AB setae on the
of epimera but gnathopod scarcely enlarged
1 mandibularpalp,thepresenceofmorespineson
(thus likeP. lowryi): well developed spination of
theram ofuropods -3,thelargercarpal lobeof
uropodslikeP. lowryi;butepimeron I withante- female ginathopod 2,1 the smaller carpal lobe of
roventral setules unlike P. lowryi. femalegnathopod thepresenceofmorespines
1,
General variables. Specimens of this species on epimera 1-2 and the less tumid propodi of
often preserve poorly; various appendages fall male gnathopods 1-2.
offorare broken apically, especially pereopod 7 Paraealliope australis further differs from P.
and uropod 3. The internal contentsofthe head jluviatilis in the smaller carpal lobe of female
often preserve poorly so that the tissue shrinks gnathopod I, the more slender female gnatho-
andtheeyesfall ventrallyandoccasionallybreak pod 1, the more beveled female coxa I, and the
up. This unfortunately happensalso in thecom- shorter palm on male gnathopod 1.
panion species P. lowryi so that the excellent Although size ofeyes, shape of teeth on epi-
distinction in eyesizebetween thetwospecies is mera, and usual lack of excessive gap between
often obscured by observational anomalies. spineson uropod I arcall characteristicsof95%
The usefulness ofanalyzing dactylar slits on ofthe specimens ofP. australis the best charac-
pereopods 3-6 is very low because so many ters distinguishing this species from P. lowryi is
specimens of P. australis that should have the the presence ofsetules, setae or weak spines on
slits well apparent seem to be either poorly pre- theanteroventral margin (not face) ofepimeron
served or so near their moment ofecdysis that 1 and the small teeth ofepimera 2-3. This situ-
Figurc4. Paraealliopeaustralis. unattributed figures=male"m"hololype, 3.64mm;d= male"d" 3.48 mm;ka=
male "ka" 3.23 mm; p - female "p" 3.30 mm.