Papers from the Fourth International Conference on Historical Linguistics, Stanford, March 26-30 1979

448 Pages·1980·37.216 MB·English

by  Elizabeth Closs Traugott (Ed.), Rebecca Labrum (Ed.), Susan C. Shepherd (Ed.)

PAPERS FROM THE 4th ICHL
AMSTERDAM STUDIES IN THE THEORY AND
HISTORY OF LINGUISTIC SCIENCE
General Editor
E. F. KONRAD KOERNER
(University of Ottawa)
Series IV - CURRENT ISSUES IN LINGUISTIC THEORY
Advisory Editorial Board
Henning Andersen (Copenhagen); Raimo Anttila (Los Angeles)
Tomaz V. Gamkrelidze (Tiflis); Klaus J. Kohler (Kiel)
J. Peter Maher (Chicago); Ernst Pulgram (Ann Arbor, Mich.)
E. Wyn Roberts (Vancouver, B.C.), Danny Steinberg (Honolulu)
Volume 14
E.  Traugott, R. Labrum, S. Shepherd (eds.)
Papers from the
4th International Conference
on Historical Linguistics
PAPERS
from the
4th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
on
HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS
Edited by
Elizabeth Closs Traugott
Rebecca Labrum & Susan Shepherd
AMSTERDAM / JOHN BENJAMINS B.V.
1980
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© Copyright 1980 - John Benjamins B.V.
ISSN 0304 0763 / ISBN 90 272 3501 5
No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by print, photoprint,
microfilm or any other means, without written permission from the publisher.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Preparation of these proceedings has been made poss­
ible by a grant from the Dean of Humanities and Sciences,
Stanford University. For this we wish to express our
profoundest gratitude and appreciation.
Many thanks are also due to Alice Branch and Randa
Mulford, who typed the manuscript of this book, to Susan
Blum, who helped compile the indexes, and to Richard
Dasher, who did the art work.
Elizabeth Closs Traugott
Rebecca LaBrum
Susan Shepherd
Stanford, December 1979
v

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgments .. . . .. . . . . . . v
Preface .. . . . . .. . . . . . . 1
Eugene Holman:
Typology as Instigator and Regulator of Linguistic Change .. 7
Lyle Campbell:
Explaining.Universals and Their Exceptions .. .. ..17
Sarah Grey Thomason:
Continuity of Transmission and Genetic Relationship .. 27
John S. Justeson and Laurence D. Stephens:
Chance Cognation: A Probabilistic Model and Decision
Procedure for Historical Inference .. .. .. 37
William M. Christie, Jr.:
Redundancy as Explanation in Historical Linguistics .. 47
Michael Shapiro:
The Structure of Meaning in Semiotic Perspective .. 53
Flora Klein:
Pragmatic and Sociolinguistic Bias in Semantic Change .. 61
Martin B. Harris:
The Marking of Definiteness: A Diachronic Perspective .. 75
Marianne Mithun:
A Functional Approach to Syntactic Reconstruction .. 87
Carol F. Justus:
Implications of Pre-Complementizers with Hittite
'Know' .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..97
Anders Ahlqvist:
On Word Order in Irish .. .. .. . . .. 107
Marit Christoffersen:
Marked and Unmarked Word Order in Old Norse .. .. .. 115
VII
Marinei Gerritsen:
An Analysis of the Rise of SOV Patterns in Dutch .. .. 123
Frank Jansen:
Developments in the Dutch Left-Dislocation Structures and
the Verb-Second Constraint .. .. .. .. .. 137
Theodora Bynon:
From Passive to Active in Kurdish via the Ergative
Construction .. .. .. .. .. .. . . 151
Alice C. Harris:
On the Loss of a Rule of Syntax .. .. .. .. 165
w. J. Pepicello:
The Development of Accusative-Infinitive Constructions .. 175
Mario Saltarelli:
Syntactic Diffusion .. .. .. .. .. .. 183
Michael Canale, Raymond Mougeon, and Edouard Beniak:
Infinitival Complements to Verbs of Motion in Ontarian .. 193
and Quebec French .. ..
Geoffrey C. Horrocks:
Verb Compounds in Greek: The Elimination of a Transfor­
mational Rule .. .. . . .. .. .. .. 199
Robert K. Herbert:
The Role of Perception in Restructuring and Relexicaliza-
tion: Two Case Histories .. .. .. .. .. 211
Robert J. Jeffers and Arnold M. Zwicky:
The Evolution of Clitics .. .. .. .. ♦ . 221
Joseph H. Greenberg:
Circumfixes and Typological Change .. .. .. .. 233
Richard D. Janda:
On the Decline of Declensional Systems: The Overall Loss of
OE Nominal Case Inflections and the ME Reanalysis of -es as
his .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 243
Emily Klenin:
Conditions on Object Marking: Stages in the History of the
East Slavic Genitive-Accusative .. .. .. .. 253
Janine K. Reklaitis:
Reduction of Case Markers in Lithuanian: Data for
Discussion .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 259
Max W. Wheeler:
Analogy and Inflectional Affix Replacement .. .. .. 273
VIII
Henning Andersen:
Russian Conjugation: Acauisition and Evolutive Change .. 285
Marilyn May Vihman:
Sound Change and Child Language .. .. .. .. 303
Yakov Malkiel:
The Fluctuating Intensity of a 'Sound Law' .. .. .. 321
Roger Wright:
Linguistic Reasons for Phonetic Archaisms in Romance .. 331
Dieter Wanner and Thomas D. Cravens:
Early Intervocalic Voicing in Tuscan .. .. .. .. 339
John Reighard:
The Transition Problem: Lexical Diffusion vs. Variable
Rules .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 349
James Milroy:
Lexical Alternation and the History of English: Evidence
from an Urban Vernacular .. .. .. .. .. 355
Martha Laferriere:
Pragmatic Features and Phonological Change .. .. .. 363
Alice Wyland Grundt:
Tonal Accents in Basque and Greek .. .. .. .. 371
Carol W. Pfaff:
Acquisition and Development of "Gastarbeiterdeutsch" by
Migrant Workers and Their Children in Germany .. .. 381
Johanna Nichols:
Pidginization and Foreigner Talk: Chinese Pidgin Russian .. 397
Paul Kiparsky:
Concluding Statement .. .. .. .. .. .. 409
Index of Names . . .. . . . . . . . . .. 419
Index of Languages .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 429
Index of Subject Matter .. .. .. .. .. .. 433
IX