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PANCHATANTRA PANDITV ISHNU SHARMA Translbayt ed Chandiramani G.L . Copyri©g hStheiGl.aC handiramani FiristnR upaP aperba1c9k9 1 TwentieItmphr essi2o0n1 1 Publisbhye d RupaP ublicaItnidoinas LPtvdt.. 7/1A6n,s arRio adD,a ryaganj, New Del1h1i 000 2 SalCeesn tres: AllahabBaedn galuCrhue nnai HyderabJaadi puKra thmandu KolkaMtuam bai Allr ighrtess erved. No parotf t hipsu blicamtaiyob ne r eproducsetdo,r ienda retriesvyaslt eomr,t ransmititnae ndy,fo rm orb ya nym eans, '• electromneicch,a nicpahlo,t ocopyriencgo,r doirno gt herwise, withotuhte p riopre rmissoifot nh ep ublishers. Typesbeyt MindwayDse sign 141C0h iranTjoiwve r 43N ehruP lace New Delh1i1 00 19 PrintiendI ndibay GopsonPsa perLst d. A-1S4e ct6or0 Noid2a 013 01 PREFACE Theo rigitneaxlt tohfeP anchatianS riatnrsak wraist probabwlryi ttaebno ut 2B0.C0. b y a greaHtin du scholPaarn,d.Vi its hn_uS harmBau.ts omeo ft het ales themlsveemsc u-sbtem ucho ldetrh,e oirri ggioni nbga ck tot hep erioodft heR ig-Veadnad U panish(afdrso m 1500B .C.t o5 00B .C.A)c.c oirndgt oS Qmes choloafr s theI ndo-Eurolpaenagnu agtehseP, a nchatiastn hter a oldecsotl lecotfiI onnd ifaanb lseusr viving. Inc our�oeft imet,r avellers tsotookr ietsh eswei th fi themt oP ei:sainad A rabiaan d nalltyh rouGgrhe ece, therye achEeudr opIet.i ss urmistehdaa t v ersioofn theP anchatwaasnc tomrpao siendt heP ahlalvain guage ofp re-ISiIarmaisnco metiimnet he6 thc entuAr.yD ., beinfgo llowbeyd a nA rabiocn ei nt he8 t_che ntury 'e A.D.T heG reetkr anslwaatsim oand e towtahrddoss e oft he1 1tche ntury fAr.oDmw. h icihtw asl ran�tseld intvoa rioEuusr opelaann guaTgheisas.c cuontfso r� he factt hatto m any/Westersnoemreos ft, h es torhi�eyse or a familirairn gS.of ari th asb eent ransliantte5od0 morel anguaogfet sh ew orld. The gypswiheossI,en diaonr igiisnw elels tablished, alshoe lpeidn spretahdeisntega liensE urope. TheP anchatiase nstsreinaatl cloyn necwtietdoh n eo f theb ranchoefss cience kbynt ohwenI ndiaansst he 'Nitishwahsitcrihan 'S anskrit 'mAeb aonosko fw ise conducitn l ifeI't. attetmopt tesa cuhs ,h ow· to understapnedo plheow, tcoh oosree liaabnldet rust worthfyri endsho,w to meetd ifficultaineds s olve probletmhsr outgahc atn dw�i sdoamn,d h owt ol ivien peacaen dh armoniynt hef acoef h ypocridseyc,e aintd manyp itfalls in life. TheP anchatiasw notverrnao untdh ef ramoef a tale ofa kinwgh oe ntruhsittssh re'ed uds'o ntso a learned man,a Brahmicna,l lPeadn diVti shnSuh armat,o enlighten thewiirt hsiminimx no dnst h·Ts h.eB rahmin VI PANCHATANTRA promitsoee sd ucate atnhdte amk tehs emto h i'sa shrama' (hermitaTghee)r.eh e recitteost hemh iss pecially compsoedt aledsi vidiendt foi vtea ntr(aisnS anskrit: Panhca=fiavnedt antra=syosrpt aermtsos fh) o wt od eal witphe oplienl ife. . Thel anguaogfte h ea uthiosrb otahr tiasntdie cl egant. Thet aliesn arratienpd r osweh ilteh ee xposiotfia o n philosopahnidmc oarla l thiespm uet viensr e;m axims orw issea yinagrsea lseox presisnev de rsweh,i ch either sumsu pt her iarraotrii notnr odutchees nteaxlte . The story-tealrltse urg'asrt sh ep ilolf h iss ober philosoHpeh ys.e tsst orwyi thsitno rayn dk eepuss waith!gfo r the seqaunedsl osl eadusso nt hrough the five' tantArsao sn.e'f ablfoel lows anothearn,d people animaalrsec onstacnhtalnyg ipnlga caensd,t hesyh are the sachmaer acteorfil sotvaienc dsh atrecdo,m passion andw its,e lflceosusra agned b asceo wardgiecne,e rosity andm eanneEsasc.sh t ohrays a moraaln dp hilosophical ch�mweh ichha ss tootdh et esotft imaen ds oi st rue eveni nm odertni me-s ana ge' Ofa tomifcea ra nd madness. TheP anchatias nrtaa rrbeao okf,o ri nn o book will youfi ndp hilosoppshyyc,h olpooglyi,t miucssi,ac s.t ro nomy, hurmealna ntsihoiept,c a.l,dl i scustsoegde ther in suac shi mpalned y ete legasntty lTeh.i iss e xactly what Pandit Vish'nh.ua idn Sm hianrdmt,ao g ivaes muchk nowledtgoet hep rincaessp ossi·bAlned.n o doubt nott hoen lpyr ibnucte sam lislol ioofnl si steners 2,200 andr eadsefo rr thel ast years bheanveefi tfreodm thimso sut niuqeb oo�. Theb ooki s einnqtedfo rt hea dulmti n,d though chirlednw illlo viet hiefl peidt; conat foauinntsa oifn Indiap'hsi losopwhiiscdao-lm fountainn eocft ar. a G.L .C handiramani TRANSLATNOOR'TSE· Despimtye owsnt rocnogn victthiaottnh eP anchatantra hasa vitmaels sea fogr thew orltdo daIyw ,Q uld probably nevehra vuen dretaktehne ' tra.nostflh aPet ainocn hatantra intEon glisahn dG entianh ad it nofto rt bheeee nnc ou ra�emenotf m y "guruP"r,o fes(sDorrS. ). BH.u dlikar · (HeibdedrgW,. Germany). Perhaps saitmtielmaphrta sv eb eenm adeb ym en of superitoarl entw iasnddo bmu,t I havmea dea modest attemwpotr,k ionng ttheex fotr seven· yteob arrisn,g outa transliantmi oodne rEnn gliwshhi ch would remain truteo t hes piroiftt heS ansktreixttt h,o guh Ih ave bee·nh ighcloyn scioofum sy owni nadequaicnit ehse · , facoef s ucah task. Thep resefonrtm oft heS ansktreixtst u,jb ectaesdi, t hasb eeno,v ert hea gest,o const·'arnetv is·iaonnd adaptatpiroens,e an stisz eapbrloeb lteoma nyw ould.:be translator. and Severialll ogicalintoine-ss equsietetmit rosh ave crepitn ttoh et exwti tthh ep as�aogfe tinmaet,u rally enougwhh,e no nec onsidtehrasut n,t imlo dertni mes, thesset orhiaevsbe e enfo rt ellriantgh,te hra rne ading, and thhaevybe e ento ltdi maen da gaianl olv eIrn dia andi nm anyp ar·to sft hew orle'da;c sht ory-tueslilnegr hi<;>sw np artliacarur tisttobr eyg uihliels i steandedrsi,n g a litdteltea hielr e a�nhde raes,h et hougfhit�t .oi ti s thatf,ro mt her eadepro'isn otf v iews,o metimtehse construcotfi ottnhe ex itsw eak( foirn stantcheef, i fth tantrias looselcyo nstrucatnedd· i ncomplete; Chakrhaadras'tso reyn dsa brup'talnyd� e nevedro returtont heB rahminw'isf oer t hej udgewsh ow ere tenllgti hesset ories). The present traatntselmaptttois ro enp roduacse accuratase lyp osstihbeSl aen sktreixtit n E nglibsuht ina logicaanld r eadabfolrem .I nt hei nterests of continusihtoyrs,te ctionsl? eheanov mei ttseedn,t eesn c PANCAHTANTRA viii rearrangedo ccaansdi,o naa llilnyk,is negn teancddee d. Bute verayt temphta sb eenm adet ok eeps uch am�ndmenttots h em inimutmh,o ugkhe epiinngv iew, att hes amet imet,or etatihnefl avouorf t heo riginal texwth,i cihsb otahr tisatnidec l egant. Allt ht:S ansknraimte sd,e sniagtioannsde xclamations haveb eenr etainientd h elt anslattioop nr esertvhee Indiaatnm osphaenrdte r adiotfit ohnbe o okT.h ew riter, PandViits hnSuh arma, steohe amvsce h osetnh en ames withg reacta refo,r everywhtehreeyh aveg ots ome definirteel atiotnost hhiecp h aracotrei rnd ceinitn t he storAyt.s everpalla cetsh,e ries dai stisnicgtin ciafnce Grs atiirnte h em eanmogf t heS ansknraimte sI.w ould thereforretq uetshter eadteorr efetrog losIs haoryp.e itw ilhle lhpi mt owarad tsh orouugnhd ersta1'odfi ng thiasn cient Indian <:;lamsosrieee njtooy abelnea ble reqding. Theg losshaarsyb; e-enp rovidfeod.rr eefr nee ea ·tt he endo f tbhoeo kT.h ep ronunciaotfi otnShsae n skrit wordasr ec omparatisviemlpyil fee a ch wiosrs dp liintt o syllaabnldet sh epnr onuonce.d My desiirste o e stablidsihr ercaet l atiownisthhi p the �eaedr.I woulwde lcomceo mmenatnsd c ritic-isms thewyi lhle lp me to uipmopntr hoepv ree setnrta nslation whenb ringionugtt he reideixtti on. The presetnrta nslaitsti hoenr esuolftt het laent, excellteenatm -woarnkde xperieonfmc ye f riendwsh o havea fefctionagtueildye d -Tmhee.ya re all einx perts theiorw nr espievceft iesl.d Abovae llG,o ddesSsar aswhaatssi m iloend m e,a nd iti st oh er tIh hautm bldyed icattheib·so o.k Form y ownp art,c laIi nmo credIi th.a ves imply performetdh et asokf bae et hacto llehcotnse,fy ro m fragraflnotw ers. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am inedbted to" �t m•yr uP"r,o fess(oDr.r )S .B. Hudilkar( HeidelbWe.r gG,e rmanyD)i,r ectoofr European LanBgoumabgaeyfs,o, r noontle yn couraging me tou ndertatkheet ransloatfi otPnha en chatinatnot ra Engliasnhd G ermabnu ta lso gfuoiirdn gm e through thev arioSuasn sk·rvietr sigoinvsi,mn eg benefiotfh is experieinnct er anslaatnidhn igs s cholarly knowledge oft heS ansklraintg uage. I expremsys d eeps ensoefg ratittuodD er .A .K arl (Vienna, Austgroiiant)gh rfoourgt hh em anuscript, scruti_ni itsw ionrgdb y woradn,d fmoark inmga ny usefsuulg gestHieon hsa.s aclosror ecmtye Gde rman translatoifot nh eP anchatantra. MisSsy lvGiiad leBy.A,. ( Wales), cboergraenc tthien g Englimsahn uscript in Lwoanssd oof na,s cbiunta ted by itcso ntentthsas th ew asl uretdo c omet oI ndiaan d compleitteW. i thouhte rt,h et ranslawtoiuolnd have becomder aba ndl ifeesls. Andm y broth(eArm olLak.C handiramhaansbi e)e n verye nthusiaasbtoiuctm y workr ighfrto m the beginniHnemg i.n utewleyn tth roughp rtohsoes f everal timeasn dh iss uggestwieornees x ceediunsgelfyiu nl imporvintgh el anguaogfe tbhoeo k. CONTESN T Confalmiocntfg rsite nds . 6 Thes toroyft hem onkey tahnedl og Thes toroyft hej ackaanld t hed rum 12 .17 Thes toroyf tmheer chaDnatn tila Thes toroyf tjhaec .aknadlt heS anyasi 23 Thes toroyf the acnodbt rhaec row �?8 29 Thes toroyft heh eroann dt hec rab 33 Thes t<;>royft he liont heha anrde 40 Thes to'roytf h eb uga ndt hefe la Thes toroyft hej ackwahlo f eliln tao v a.to f 42 indoi dgye Thes toroyft hel iotnh,ec ametlh,ej ackaanld thec row 47 Thes toroyf tthiet tibhaa nbdti hresd esa 52 Tl1.set oroyft he tuwrhtolf eel lo fft hes tick 53 55 Thes toroyf tthhe_ rfieseh es 58 Thes toroyft hee lephaanntdt hes parrow Thes toroyf jVraadauntshtelr iao ann d 65 Chaturatkhaej ackal Thes toroyf the moannkdae byi rcda lled 70 Suchimukha Thes toroyft hes parraonwd tmhoen key 72 75 Thes toryD hoafr mabudadnhdiP apaubddhi Thes toroyft hef oolihsehr ont,h eb lacskn ake 79 andt hem unogose Thes toroyft hei robna lanacned the merchansto'ns 81 84 Thes toroyft hek inagn dt hef oolimsohn key · 85 Thes toroyft het hiaenfd t heB rahmins Winnionffg r iends Thes toroyf tShaed haun dt hem ouse 99 Thes toroyfm otheSrh andili 102 Thes coroyft hem erchansto'ns 107 Thes toroyfS omilaka 113

Description:

The oldest surviving collection of India fables,the Panchatantra,was probably written around 200 B.c. by the great Hindu scholar Pandit Vishnu Sharma.The Panchatantra is a book of niti,the wise conduct of life,written in the form a chain of simple stories.Each of these stories has a moral and philos