Panama and the United States: The End of the Alliance

256 Pages·2012·13.78 MB·English

by  Michael Conniff

The United States and the Americas
Lester D. Langley, General Editor
This series is dedicated to a broader
understanding of the political economic, and
especially cultural forces and issues that have
shaped the Western hemispheric experience—
its governments and its peoples. Individual
volumes assess relations between the United
States and its neighbors to the south and
north: Mexico, Central America, Cuba, the
Dominican Republic, Haiti, Panama,
Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia,
Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina, Chile, and
Canada.
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The United States and the Americas
Panama and the United States
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Michael L. Conniff
Panama
and the
United States:
The End of
the Alliance
Third Edition
The University of Georgia Press
Athens and London
© 1992, 2001, 2012 by the University of Georgia Press
Athens, Georgia 30602
www.ugapress.org
All rights reserved
Set in 10 on 14 Palatino
Printed digitally in the United States of America
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Conniff, Michael L.
Panama and the United States : the end of the alliance / Michael L.
Conniff. — 3rd ed.
p. cm. — (The United States and the Americas)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-8203-4414-0 (pbk.: alk. paper) — ISBN 0-8203-4414-1
(pbk.: alk. paper)
i. United States—Foreign relations—Panama. 2. Panama—Foreign
relations—United States. I. Title.
£183.8^2065 2012
327.7307287—dc23 2012020990
British Library Cataloging-in-Publication Data available
ISBN for digital edition: 978-0-8203-4477-5
To Jimmy Carter, who accomplished the goal of five U.S.
and many Panamanian presidents
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Contents
Preface to the Third Edition xi
Introduction i
1. Independence and Early Relations 7
2. The Railroad Era 24
3. The French Period 41
4. Canal Diplomacy, 1902-1919 63
5. From Gunboats to the Nuclear Age, 1920-1945 84
6. Uneasy Partners, 1945-1960 98
7. A Time of Troubles and Treaties, 1960-1979 116
8. Treaty Implementation, 1979-1985 140
9. The Noriega Crisis and Bush's Ordeal 154
10. Canal Ownership and Sovereignty at Last 169
11. Beyond the Forced Alliance 187
Notes 205
Bibliographical Essay 227
Supplemental Bibliographical Essay
for the Second Edition 231
Supplemental Bibliographical Essay
for the Third Edition 235
Index 237