Palestinian Youth Activism in the Internet Age: Online and Offline Social Networks after the Arab Spring PDF
Preview Palestinian Youth Activism in the Internet Age: Online and Offline Social Networks after the Arab Spring
Palestinian Youth Activism in the Internet Age SOAS Palestine Studies This book series aims at promoting innovative research in the study of Palestine, Palestinians and the Israel-Palestine conflict as a crucial component of Middle Eastern and world politics. The first ever Western academic series entirely dedicated to this topic, SOAS Palestine Studies draws from a variety of disciplinary fields, including history, politics, media, visual arts, social anthropology, and development studies. The series is published under the academic direction of the Centre for Palestine Studies (CPS) at the London Middle East Institute (LMEI) of SOAS, University of London. Series Editor Gilbert Achcar, Professor of Development Studies and International Relations at SOAS, Chair of the Centre for Palestine Studies Board Advisor Hassan Hakimian, Director of the London Middle East Institute at SOAS Current and Forthcoming Titles Palestine Ltd.: Neoliberalism and Nationalism in the Occupied Territory, Toufic Haddad Palestinian Literature in Exile: Gender, Aesthetics and Resistance in the Short Story, Joseph R. Farag Palestinian Citizens of Israel: Power, Resistance and the Struggle for Space, Sharri Plonski Palestinian Youth Activism in the Internet Age Online and Offline Social Networks after the Arab Spring Albana S. Dwonch I.B. TAURIS Bloomsbury Publishing Plc 50 Bedford Square, London, WC1B 3DP, UK 1385 Broadway, New York, NY 10018, USA BLOOMSBURY, I.B. TAURIS and the Diana logo are trademarks of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc First published in Great Britain 2020 Copyright © Albana S. Dwonch 2020 Albana S. Dwonch has asserted her right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as Author of this work. Cover design: Simon Levy Cover image: Mural of the jailed Palestinian teen, Ahed al-Tamimi, on the separation barrier, in Bethlehem, West Bank, July 29, 2018. (© Wisam Hashlamoun/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc does not have any control over, or responsibility for, any third-party websites referred to or in this book. All internet addresses given in this book were correct at the time of going to press. The author and publisher regret any inconvenience caused if addresses have changed or sites have ceased to exist, but can accept no responsibility for any such changes. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN: 978-1-8386-0063-1 eISBN: 978-1-8386-0066-2 ePDF: 978-1-8386-0064-8 Series: SOAS Palestine Studies Typeset by Deanta Global Publishing Services, Chennai, India To find out more about our authors and books visit www.bloomsbury.com and sign up for our newsletters. To my Mom and Dad, with love and gratitude. vi Contents List of Abbreviations x Acknowledgments xi Preface xiv Series Foreword xxii 1 Introduction 1 Research questions 4 Case studies 7 Research design and methodology 15 Outline 20 2 New Social Movements in the Internet Age 23 “The Tectonic Shift”: The impact of digital networks on collective action 25 Theoretical criticism 28 3 The Rise and Fall of the Arab Spring 33 The roots of the Arab Uprisings: Between techno-enthusiasts and techno-skeptics 34 Defining concepts of youth and youth activism in the Palestinian context 43 4 Gaza’s Forgotten Revolution 49 Youth activism in Gaza 54 The foretold chronicle of a manifesto for change 56 Hamas’s electoral victory in 2006 Palestinian Parliamentary Elections and the international response 58 The Battle of Gaza, June 10–14, 2007 59 Voiceless in Gaza: Restricting the public sphere 60 Operation cast lead: December 27–January 21, 2009 62 viii Contents GYBO—The Arab Spring and the Palestinian 15 March movement 65 People want the end of the division: The 15 March movement 68 “The forgotten revolution” 72 Concluding remarks 75 5 At a Crossroads in the West Bank: In Search of a Lost Strategy 79 “This Kind of Politics”: The West Bank youth’s disillusion with the PA 84 The PA’s Rule in the West Bank: 2007–11 87 Politics of fear—Networks of hope: The Arab Spring in the West Bank 90 The 15 March movement: People want the end of the division 92 The Birth of the Palestinians for Dignity (PFD) network 96 PFD in 2011–13: Targeting both the Palestinian Authority and Israeli occupation 97 Strengthening ties with the Palestinian popular committees 101 First Intifada (1987–93) 104 The Oslo Accords 106 Second Intifada (2000–05) 111 “Every young Palestinian is an Ahed Tamimi” 112 Concluding remarks 113 6 Between Old Demands and New Protests: Stop the Prawer Plan Movement—a Case Study of Palestinian Youth Activism in Israel, 2011–13 117 Palestinians of Israel 120 Protesting as “48ers” within Israel 125 The Arab Spring and the Palestinians of Israel 130 Hungry for Freedom: Online and offline lessons in political organizing 132 Prawer Plan 137 Concluding remarks 141 Contents ix 7 General Conclusions 143 Palestinian protests and new networked movements in the Internet age 145 Key findings 147 Motivational factors for new Palestinian youth movements 149 Final thoughts 158 Notes 161 Appendix 172 References 177 Index 195
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