Page 1 the avr microcontroller and embedded System using assembly and c Muhammad Ali ...

781 Pages·2012·42.76 MB·English

the avr
microcontroller
and embedded

system

using assembly and c

MUHAMMAD ALI MAZIDI
SARMAD NAIMI
SEPEHR NAIMI
the avr microcontroller

and embedded systems
using assembly and c

MUHAMMAD ALI MAZIDI, SARMAD NAIMI, AND SEPEHR NAIM!

meiner CHAPTERS
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6 AVR Advanced Assembly Language
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AVR peripherals and W/O interfacing to real-world ad
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The 386 Poth e) 15 eee eee
The A051 Misrocontroer and Embedded Systems 16: PWM Programming and GC Mator
Qrded) Control in AVR
The PIC Merocontroller and Embedded Systems 17: SPL Protocol and MAX721 Display
The HCSI2 Merocontrollr anc Embed Systems rterfae ng

18: |2C Protocol and DS1307 RTC Interfacing

Tiles te come include
The ARM Microcontrllar and Embedded Systems

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vem pearsonhighered.com
THE AVR MICROCONTROLLER
AND EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

Using Assembly and C

Muhammad Ali Mazidi
Sarmad Naimi
Sepehr Naimi

Prentice Hall
aston Cokimbos tnaiunapotis New York San Panchen
Amite
Thal Mai

3y Sie Paulo SsUaxy Hoop Kong Sosa) Singspor Talpsl Tokyo
Edltor in Chlef: Vornan Anchony Project Manigers Rex Davidun

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Copyright #201 Pearson Udavatun, Ine, publishing os Prentice Hall, | Lake Steet, Upper Saidle
Rive, Naw Jersey, 17458. All ight eserved. Manutuctured ip the Uniled States of America. This
publivuloa is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained fic the publisher priur to
any prahibitedreprouuctiou, forage ia a ¢Cuievalsystom, or rancmisiem in any frm ar hy ary
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Departueat, 1 tke Sess, Lipper Salle River, New Tersey, O7458

Library of Congyess Cataloging in Fa

Mazidi, Mubammad AB,
‘hy AVR microouoleoller abl embades system: using Assembly and €
Muhammad Al Musidi, Sunol Nex, Sepeba Sait
yer
ISBN. (3; 978-0-13.800831-9 (afk. paper)
AS16510: 0-13-8000 (ak. paper)
{. Atmel AVR mictocumteolle. 2. Embedded comes systems, 3, Assembler language
{sComporer program Innguags) 4, ¢: (Computer program language) I. Nai, Samad. 1, Nalni,
Spel MU. Tie
‘TRS PISMIzELG 2008
6122
2009439700

w9eTes4a2
Prentice Hall
is an imprint of

see: pentsoubighered som ISBN 10: 0-13-800381-9
ISBN 13: 9790-13-08
This book ix dedicated
1 she memory of Dr: Kamat Bakboavar
for ult his sacrifices

= Muhammad Al Madi

his book is dedicated
ho tha means of Dr. P Savi

Jor his inspiring ecumple of dedication to the education of young peopie.
Sarma Saini

This book is dediated to
Fara
= Sopelr Naini
Regard man as a mine rich in gems of
inestimable value. Education can, alone, cause it
to reveal its treasures, and enable mankind to
benefit therefrom.

Baha'u'llah
BRIEF CONTENTS

CHAPTERS.

reduction to Computing,

The AVR Microcontroller Cistary snd Fences

AVR Arshncenure and Assembly Language Prugrumming,
Brauch, Call, and Time Delay Loop

AVR VO Port Programing

‘Acithentic, Logic Tnstrueluns, and Progeans

AVE Advanced Assembly Language Programming

AVR Programming in ©

AVR Tlardwvare Connection, Hex File, ara lash Lauds
AVE Timer Programming in Assembly and C

AVE Interapt Pragracanig ia Assembly and C

AN Serial Por Programming in Aaserably and C

TCD and Keyboard fterfacng

ADC, DAC, and Sensor Imcefacing

Relay, Opteigoltor, aad Stepper Motor Interfacing with AVR
Input Capture und Wve Generlivn in AVR

PWM Programming and DC Motor Contol in. AVR

SPL Protocol and MANT221 Dasplay Interfacing,

TRC Protocol sed DSI307 RTC Imcracing

APPENDICES

TOnmeee

AVR Insurvctions Explained
lunes of Wine Wrapping

Ic: lnerfing and System Desiga Tasues
Flowchars and Pasadccode

AVE Princ for MIST Progearnaers

‘ASCH Cos

Assemblers, Development Resonnces. and Suppliers
Data Sheets
CONTENTS

CHATTER 0: INTRODUCTION 19. COMPUTLY! 1
SECTION 0.1; NUIBFRING AND CODING SYSTEMS 2
SECLION 0.2: DIGITAL PRIMER. 6
SECTION U3: SEMICONDUCIOR MEMORY ry
SFETION Oot: CPL’ ARCHITEC URL 2B

CUAPTER 1: THE AVR MICROCONTROLTER: HISTORY AND,

FEATURES. »
SHCITON 1.1: MICROCONTROLLERS AND EMBEDDED

PROCESSORS a

SECTION 1.2: OVERVIEW OF THE AVR FAMILY “4

(CHAPTER 2: AVR ARCHATHCTURE AND ASSEMMLY LANCCAGE

PROGRAMMING 55

SECTION 2.1: TIE GENERAL PURPOSE REGISTERS INTHE AVR 56

SECTION 2.2: THE AVE DATA MEMORY 5

SECLION 23: USING INSTRUCTIONS RITIETHE DATA MEMORY — GL
SECTION 24: AVR SUSI US KRGISTER

SECTION 2.8; AVR DATA FORMAT AND DIRECTIVES
SUCLIOS 26 INTRODUCTION 70 AVI. ASSEMBLY PROGRAMING

SECTION 27: ASSEMBLING AN AVR TROCRAM fe
SFCTION 24: THE PROGRAM COUNTER AND PROGRAM ROM,

SPACE IN THE AVE 85
SECTION 29: RISC ARCHITECTURE IN THE AVE 8
SECTIDN 2.10: VIEWING REGISTERS AND MEMORY WTTH AVE

‘STUDIO IDE o

CHAPTER 3: BRANCH, CALL, AND TIME DELAY LOOP wr
SECTION 3.1: BRANCH INSTRUCTIONS AND LOOPING We
SECTION 3.2: CALL INSLRLCLIONS AND STACK ue
SECTION 3.3: AVR [IME DELAY AND INSIRUCIIOS PIPELINE 128

CHAPTER 4: AVK VO PORT PROGRAMMING. 8
SUCHION 4.1: FO BORY PROGRAMMING IN AVI. ho
SECTION 42: EO DIT MANIPULATION PROGRAMMING re

CTIAPTER 5: ARITITMETIC, LOGIC INSTRUCTIONS, AND PROGRAMS 161
SECTION 5.1: ARITHMETIC INSTRUCTIONS 162
SECTION 52; SIGNED M1. MEEK CONCLBTS AND ARITIIMETIE

OPERATIONS m0
SECTION 5.3: LOGIC AND COMPARE INSTRUCTIONS 16
SECTION $4: ROTATE AND SIT INSTRUCTIONS AND DATA

SERIALIZALION 1
SECTION 5.5; BCD AND ASCU CONVERSION 190

(CHAPTER 6: AVR ADVANCED ASSEMBLY TANGUAGE PROGRAMMING 197
SECTION 6.1: INTRODUCING SOMb MORE ASSEMBLER

DIRECTIVES 18

SECTION 6.2: REGISTER AND DIRECT ADDROSSING MODES 202,

SECTION 6.3: REGISTER TSDIRECT ADDRESSING MODE. 208
SRCTION 6.4: LOOK-UP LABLE AND TABLE PROCESSING 26

SECTION 43: BIT-ADDRESNABILILY 226
SECTION 6: ACCFSSING EPROM IN AVR 23
SCELION 6.2: CHECKSUM AND ASCIC SUBROUTINES me
SEETION 6.8: MACROS 2d

CUAPTER 7: AVR PROGHAMMING INC
SECTION 7.1: DATA TYPES AND TIME DELAYS INC
SEA:TIOS 72: FO PROGRAMMING INC
SECTION 73: LOCIC OPERATIONS INC
SECTION 7.4 DAA COS VERSION PROGRAMS INC
SECTIOS 7.5. DATA SBRIALIZALION INC

MEMORY ALLOCAIION INC

CHAPTER #: AVR HARDWARE CONNECTION, HRN FILE, AND
FLASH LOADERS,
SECTION §.[: ATVEGA32 PIN CONNECTION
SECTION $2: AVR FUSE BITS
SECTION §.3: EXPLASNING THE BEX FTLF FOR AVR 300
SECTION ft: SVR PROGRAMMING AND TRAINER BOARD 30s

CTIAPTER 9: AVR TIMER PROGHAM WING IN ASSEMBLY AND C
SECTION 9.1: PROGRAMBIING TIMERS 0, , AND2
SECTION 9.2: COUNTER PROGRAMMING:

SECTION 9.3: PROGRAMMING TIMERS B.C

(CHAPTER 10: AVR ENTERRUPT PROGRAMMING IN ASSEMBLY

ANDC 363
SECTION 10.1: AVA INTERRUPTS 364
SFCTION 1.2: PROGRAMMING ITMER. INTERRUPTS 368
SECTION 1.3: PROGRAMMING LXTERNAL HARDWARE

IWTERRUPTS 3%
SUCTION 1IL4: (\ FERREPT PRIORITY 1 THE AVR 381
SECTION 1115: [NTERRLPT PROGRAMMING INC 38S

CTTAPTER 11: AVR SERIAL FORT PROGRAMMING IN ASSEMBLY

AOC 395
NECHION 11.1: BASICS OF SERIAL COMMUNICSIION, 396
SECTION 11.2: I MEGA22 CONNECTION TO R522 oa
SECTION 10.3; AVR SERIAL, PORT PROGRAMMING IN ASSEMBLY 405
SECTION 114: AVR SERIAL PORT PROGRAMMING INC a9
SECTION ILS: AVR SERIAL PORT PROGRAMMING IN ASSEMBLY

AND C USING INJERRUPTS a

(CHAPTER 12: 1.CD AND KEYROARD INTEREACING aa
SBCLIOS 12.1: LCD INTERFACING 430
SBCTIOS 122: KEYROARD INTERFACING 432

CHAPTER 13: ADC, DAC, AND SENSOR INTERFACING 43
SECTION 13.1 ADC CHARACTERISTICS on
SUCTION 132; ADC PROGRAM MING IN FHE AVL 469
SECTION 13.3: SENSOR INTERFACING AND SIGNAL’
‘CONDITIONING
SUCTION 13.4: DAC INTEREACING

(CHAPTER I; RELAY, OPTOISOLATOR, AND STEPPER MOTOR
INTERFACING WITH AVR
SUCTION 14.1: RELAYS AND OPTOISOLATORS.
SECTION 14.2: STEPPER MOTOR INTERTACING

(CHAPTER 15: INPUT CAPTURE AND WAVE GENERAL
SECTION 1S: WAVE GENERATION USING 8-BIT TIMERS
SUCTION (5.2: WAVE GENERATION USING TIMER
SECTION 18.3: INPUT CAPTURE PROGRAMMING
SECTION 154: C PROGRAMMING.

(CHAPTER 16: PWM YROGRAMMING AND DC MOTOR CONTROM.
INAV
SECTION (6.1: DE MOTOR INIERFACING AND PWM.
SECTION 46.2: PWM MODES IN §-BIT TIMERS
SECTION 16.3. PWM MODES IN TIMERI
SECTION t6.4: DC MOTOR CONTROL USING PWM.

(CHAPTER 17; SPI PROTOCOL AND MAX7221 DISPLAY INTERFACING
SECTION (71: $PI BUS PROTOCOL.
SECTION (7.2: SPI FROGRAMMING INAVR,
SECTION (7.3: MAX7221 INTERTACING AND PROGRAMMING

(CHAPTER 14; 13¢ PROTOCOL AND DSL307 KIC EXTERPACING
SECTION 18.1: 2¢ BUS PROTOCOL
SECTION (8.2: TWI 120) INTHE AVR
SECTION 8.3: AV TWI PROGRAMMING IN ASSEMBLY AND C
SECTION 18.4: DS1307 RTC INTERFACING AND PROGRAMME
SECTION IR 5: THT PROGRAMMING WITH CHECKING STATUS
REGISTER

APPENDIX A: AVR INSTRUCTIONS EXPLAINED
SECTION A.L: INSTRUCTION S”MMARY

SECTION A 2: AVR INSTRUCTIONS FORMAT

SECTION A.3: AVR REGISTER SUMMARY

APPENDIX Bt BASICS OW WIE WRAPPING.

APPENDIX C: IC [XTERFACING AND SYSTEM DESIGN ISSUES
SECTION Cl: OVERVIEW OF IC TECHNOLOGY’
SECTION €.2: AVR UO PORT STRUCTURE AND INTERFACING
SECTION ©. SYSTEM DESIGN ISSLES.

APPENDIX D: FLOWCHARTS AND PSFUBOCODE.

APPENDIX E: AVR PRIMER FOR 6051 PROGRAMMERS.