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Oxford handbook of surgical nursing PDF

787 Pages·2016·11.18 MB·English
by  Kisiel
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OXFORD MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS Oxford Handbook of  Surgical Nursing Published and forthcoming Oxford Handbooks in Nursing Oxford Handbook of Adult Oxford Handbook of Nursing Midwifery, 2e George Castledine and Ann Close Janet Medforth, Susan Battersby, Maggie Evans, Beverley Marsh, and Oxford Handbook of Cancer Angela Walker Nursing Edited by Mike Tadman and Dave Oxford Handbook of Roberts Musculoskeletal Nursing Edited by Susan Oliver Oxford Handbook of Cardiac Nursing, 2e Oxford Handbook of Edited by Kate Olson Neuroscience Nursing Edited by Sue Woodward and Oxford Handbook of Children’s Catheryne Waterhouse and Young People’s Nursing, 2e Edited by Edward Alan Glasper, Gillian Oxford Handbook of Nursing McEwing, and Jim Richardson Older People Beverley Tabernacle, Marie Barnes, Oxford Handbook of Clinical and Annette Jinks Skills for Children’s and Young People’s Nursing Oxford Handbook of Paula Dawson, Louise Cook, Orthopaedic and Trauma Laura-Jane Holliday, and Helen Reddy Nursing Rebecca Jester, Julie Santy, and Jean Oxford Handbook of Clinical Rogers Skills in Adult Nursing Jacqueline Randle, Frank Coffey, and Oxford Handbook of Martyn Bradbury Perioperative Practice Suzanne Hughes and Andy Mardell Oxford Handbook of Critical Care Nursing Oxford Handbook of Prescribing Sheila Adam and Sue Osborne for Nurses and Allied Health Oxford Handbook of Dental Professionals Sue Beckwith and Penny Franklin Nursing Elizabeth Boon, Rebecca Parr, Oxford Handbook of Primary Dayananda Samarawickrama, and Care and Community Kevin Seymour Nursing, 2e Edited by Vari Drennan and Claire Oxford Handbook of Diabetes Goodman Nursing Lorraine Avery and Sue Beckwith Oxford Handbook of Renal Oxford Handbook of Emergency Nursing Edited by Althea Mahon, Karen Jenkins, Nursing, 2e Edited by Robert Crouch, Alan and Lisa Burnapp Charters, Mary Dawood, and Paula Oxford Handbook of Respiratory Bennett Nursing Terry Robinson and Jane Scullion Oxford Handbook of Gastrointestinal Nursing Oxford Handbook of Surgical Edited by Christine Norton, Julia Nursing Williams, Claire Taylor, Annmarie Edited by Alison Smith, Maria Kisiel, Nunwa, and Kathy Whayman and Mark Radford Oxford Handbook of Learning Oxford Handbook of Women’s and Intellectual Disability Health Nursing Nursing Edited by Sunanda Gupta, Debra Edited by Bob Gates and Owen Barr Holloway, and Ali Kubba Oxford Handbook of Mental Health Nursing, 2e Edited by Patrick Callaghan and Catherine Gamble Oxford Handbook of  Surgical Nursing Edited by Alison Smith Lecturer, University of Birmingham, UK Maria Kisiel Formerly Head of Department of Adult and Critical Care Nursing, Birmingham City University, UK Mark Radford Chief Nursing Officer, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, and Professor, Birmingham City University, UK 1 1 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, OX2 6DP, United Kingdom Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries © Oxford University Press 2016 The moral rights of the authors have been asserted First Edition published 2016 Impression: 1 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by licence or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Control Number: 2015942566 ISBN 978–0 –1 9–9 64266–3 Printed and bound in China by C&C Offset Printing Co., Ltd. Oxford University Press makes no representation, express or implied, that the drug dosages in this book are correct. Readers must therefore always check the product information and clinical procedures with the most up- to- date published product information and data sheets provided by the manufacturers and the most recent codes of conduct and safety regulations. The authors and the publishers do not accept responsibility or legal liability for any errors in the text or for the misuse or misapplication of material in this work. Except where otherwise stated, drug dosages and recommendations are for the non- pregnant adult who is not breast- feeding Links to third party websites are provided by Oxford in good faith and for information only. Oxford disclaims any responsibility for the materials contained in any third party website referenced in this work. v Foreword Florence Nightingale stated that ‘Apprehension, uncertainty, waiting, expectation, fear of surprise, do a patient more harm than any exertion.’ The prospect of surgery can and does generate these emotions. This Handbook offers nurses with an interest in and passion for surgical nurs- ing a holistic perspective that can help to address not only these emo- tions but also the physical and practical elements of practice. The pace, scale, and sophistication of new treatments and technolo- gies make surgery one of the fastest changing and exciting special- ties. The ability to perform surgery on patients with complex medical problems and chronic illness means that the skills required to provide competent and compassionate care for these patients must extend well beyond the fundamentals of pre- and post- operative care. Surgical nurses require both a broad and deep knowledge and the necessary skills if they are to be able to confidently assess patients’ needs and pre- empt potential complications. This is more important than ever now that many nurses are also undertaking more advanced procedures as part of the multidisciplinary team. This Handbook will both act as an aide- memoire and help to build a knowledge base that will enable surgical nurses to understand their core role and their contribution to the modern surgical team. It will be of benefit to nurses and allied health professionals working on surgical wards and also in the many settings in which surgical care is delivered, including day- surgery, high- dependency, outpatient, and pre- operative assessment clinics. It can be used by clinicians at different stages in their professional development, including pre- and post- registration, as well as those undertaking specialist and advanced practice. This evidence- based, easily accessible, concise Handbook, which can be used at the bedside, offers practical advice on how to effectively assess, plan, implement, and evaluate surgical care. It also explains the wider role of the surgical nurse in effective ward management and lead- ership, and the implications for patient care. Patients and their families deserve and expect a high- quality, digni- fied, and safe experience when they have surgery. This requires skilled, compassionate, and competent surgical clinicians who strive to con- tinue to enhance and develop their knowledge, skills, and practice. This Handbook without doubt supports the attainment of this. It is packed with a wealth of information, and has the benefit of being written and edited by credible, respected, and experienced clinicians and academics, all of whom understand the challenges that face nurses and allied health professionals working today in this dynamic and fast- moving field. Janice Stevens CBE MA RGN Director for Midlands and East Health Education England vi Preface Contributing to the writing and editing of this book has been both chal- lenging and rewarding, and the end result is a product of the passion and expertise of the many contributors for improving the care of the surgical patient. It is hoped that, by using this key resource, the reader will gain an insight into the diverse nature of surgical nursing and develop confidence in their clinical practice. Each chapter has been written by healthcare professionals with a passion for and expertise in their subject area. The key references and suggestions for further reading at the end of each section provide the reader with opportunities to supplement their knowledge further. Surgery is a complex and varied specialty that has seen significant changes and technical advances in recent years. Central to this has been the skill and support of the surgical nurse in ensuring improved outcomes and compassionate care for patients. From the operating theatre to the hospital bed, the surgical nursing specialty has developed and diversi- fied to keep pace with the many advances and improvements in surgery. Many textbooks in this subject area provide comprehensive information in an attempt ‘to cover all bases’, which often means that these text- books are large and not easily transportable to the bedside. In developing the Oxford Handbook of Surgical Nursing, the editors have aimed to adhere to the Oxford Handbook philosophy of providing high- quality, quick- reference, pocket- sized resources that enable nurses to easily check key clinical facts. It is hoped that this Handbook will also complement and build upon other publications, while enabling nurses and other allied healthcare professionals to quickly access concise rele- vant information to support their clinical practice. Alison Smith Maria Kisiel Mark Radford 2016 vii Contents Contributors ix Symbols and abbreviations xi 1 Introduction to the surgical patient 1 2 Managing the surgical ward 29 3 Surgical care models 53 4 Pre- operative assessments and preparation 61 5 Pre- operative optimization 103 6 Transfer to other departments or theatre 115 7 Intra- operative care 123 8 Ward post- operative care 149 9 Pain management 167 10 Nutrition and hydration 193 11 Transfusion of blood products 213 12 Wound care 241 13 Skin assessment 257 14 Infection: prevention, control, and treatment 265 15 Post- operative complications 313 16 Surgical nursing procedures 335 17 Ophthalmology 361 18 Upper gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary surgery 395 19 Colorectal and lower gastrointestinal surgery 419 20 Trauma and orthopaedics 439 21 Vascular surgery 519 22 Urology and renal surgery 547 23 Neurological and spinal surgery 581 24 Burns and plastic surgery 613 viii CONTENTS 25 Thoracic surgery 651 26 Cardiac surgery 667 27 Breast surgery 695 28 Gynaecological surgery 725 Index 747 ix Contributors Debra Adams Helen Gibbons (Chapter 14) (Chapter 17) Head of Infection Prevention and Senior Lecturer Control (Midlands and East) City University, London, UK NHS Trust Development Suzanne Hammond Authority, UK (Chapter 28) Ann-M arie Cannaby Urogynaecology Clinical (Chapter 2) Nurse Specialist Executive Director of Nursing University Hospitals Coventry Hamad Medical and Warwickshire NHS Trust, UK Corporation, Qatar Kim Harley Ruth Capewell (Chapter 20, Chapter 23) (Chapter 28) Formerly Senior Lecturer MacMillan Gynaecology Clinical Birmingham City University, UK Nurse Specialist (Oncology) Suzanne Harrington University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, UK (Chapter 28) Modern Matron—G ynaecology Anna Casey University Hospitals Coventry (Chapter 14) and Warwickshire NHS Trust, UK Clinical Research Scientist Helen Holder University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK (Chapter 10) Senior Lecturer Kirsty Cotterill Birmingham City University, UK (Chapter 28) Louise Jennings Gynaecology Clinical Nurse Specialist (Chapter 28) University Hospitals Coventry Clinical Nurse Specialist and Warwickshire NHS Trust, UK Gynaecology Outpatient Department, Kevin Crimmons University Hospitals Coventry (Chapter 25) and Warwickshire NHS Trust, UK Head of Adult Nursing Sue Jones Birmingham City University, UK (Chapter 23) Patricia Davies Formerly Senior Lecturer (Chapter 12, Chapter 13) Birmingham City University, UK Senior Lecturer Aaron Kisiel Birmingham City University, UK (Chapter 1) Suzanne Davies CT1 General Surgery (Chapter 21) University Hospitals Birmingham Vascular Nurse Specialist NHS Foundation Trust, UK University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, UK

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Concise, practical, and packed full of clinical information, the Oxford Handbook of Surgical Nursing is the essential resource for all those working in nursing practice surgery and its sub-specialties. Easily-accessible, this handbook provides all of the information and practical advice needed to ca
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