Oxford Handbook of Respiratory Medicine

1025 Pages·2021·10.56 MB·English

by  Stephen Chapman, Grace Robinson, Rahul Shrimanker, Chris Turnbull, John Wrightson

OXFORD MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS
Oxford Handbook of
Respiratory Medicine
ii
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OXFORD HANDBOOK OF
Respiratory
Medicine
FOURTH EDITION
Stephen J. Chapman
Consultant in Respiratory Medicine,
Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
Grace V. Robinson
Consultant in Respiratory Medicine,
Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust, Reading, UK
Rahul Shrimanker
Consultant in Respiratory Medicine, North Bristol NHS Trust,
Bristol, UK
Chris D. Turnbull
Clinical Lecturer in Respiratory Medicine, University of Oxford,
Oxford, UK
John M. Wrightson
Consultant in Respiratory Medicine,
Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
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First Edition published in 2005
Second Edition published in 2009
Third Edition published in 2014
Fourth Edition published in 2021
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Library of Congress Control Number: 2020952988
ISBN 978– 0– 19– 883712– 1
DOI: 10.1093/med/9780198837121.001.0001
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v
Foreword
It is a real privilege to write the forward to this invaluable book. Its con-
tinued success as the ‘go to bible’ for respiratory trainees, and indeed all
respiratory practitioners, is a credit to the authors’ considerable hard work
ensuring the format remains practical and relevant.
The burden of respiratory disease continues to impact significantly on the
health of our population. This burden and the needs of respiratory patients,
so often under- represented in the past, have now (finally) been appreci-
ated by government: reflected in national policy and the NHS Long Term
Plan. A backdrop of exciting clinical trials is advancing treatment options,
but also driving increasing sub- specialisation within respiratory medicine.
This environment makes it challenging to both keep up to date and meet
the aspirations set out to improve outcomes for our patients. The detailed
review of all chapters in this new edition keeps the handbook abreast of
these advances while ensuring the content is accessible to all respiratory
practitioners, not exclusively those studying for the Specialty Certificate
Examination.
This fourth edition sees a change in the authorship but, importantly, wel-
comes on- going input from specialty trainees. It is this balanced approach,
alongside the continuity and experience provided from previous editions,
which makes this an excellent, comprehensive and user- friendly guide to all
aspects of respiratory medicine.
Dr John Park
Consultant Respiratory Physician
Chair, British Thoracic Society Education and Training Committee
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Preface
Now in its fourth edition, the overall aim of the Oxford Handbook of
Respiratory Medicine is to provide a rapid and comprehensive resource for
all those involved in respiratory medicine. The layout of the book tries to
fulfil the requirement to be able to look up a topic quickly when the clinical
need arises, but also to provide further insight into the more difficult areas.
We hope that anyone with an interest in respiratory medicine will find this
text a rapid and useful reference.
Three of the five authors, Stephen Chapman, Grace Robinson, and John
Wrightson, made initial contributions as registrars and now bring a con-
sultant perspective; we welcome new contributions from Rahul Shrimanker
and Chris Turnbull, both respiratory registrars at the time of writing.
We acknowledge the enormous contributions of John Stradling and
Sophie West as co-a uthors of previous editions. Their influence, expertise
(and idiosyncrasies!) remain evident throughout.
With this fourth edition, we have comprehensively reviewed and up-
dated the entire content and include the latest clinical guidelines and signifi-
cant research developments.
The handbook is divided into five sections: clinical presentations and ap-
proaches to symptoms and problems; the clinical conditions themselves;
supportive information; procedures; and useful appendices, containing
more technical and reference information.
We hope you find it helpful. Feedback on errors and omissions would
be much appreciated. Please post your comments via the OUP website: M
http:// www.oup.com/ uk/ medicine/ handbooks.
September 2019
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Acknowledgements
We offer our grateful thanks to the following friends and colleagues for
their reviewing and advice on various sections of this book.
Fourth edition
Dr Rachel Benamore, Dr Stuart Benham, Dr Martin Carby, Mrs Julia De
Soyza, Dr Noeleen Foley, Dr Rachel Hoyles, Dr Jeremy Hull, Dr Lennard
Lee, Dr James Lordan, Dr Annabel Nickol, Prof Ian Pavord, Mr Mark
Unstead, Dr Iara Sequeiros and Dr Diana Slim.
Previous editions
Dr Nicholas Bates, Dr Rachel Benamore, Dr Lesley Bennett, Dr Rachel
Bennett, Dr Malcolm Benson, Dr Henry Bettinson, Dr Penny Bradbury,
Mrs Debbie Buttar, Dr James Calvert, Mr Peter Close, Dr Jane Collier, Dr
Graham Collins, Prof Chris Conlon, Dr Chris Davies, Dr Helen Davies,
Prof Rob Davies, Dr Thearina de Beer, Mrs Julia De Soyza, Mrs Joan
Douglass, Dr Prosenjit Dutta, Dr Rachael Evans, Dr Julia Fuller, Prof Fergus
Gleeson, Dr Helmy Haja- Mydin, Dr Maxine Hardinge, Dr Bernard Higgins,
Prof Ling- Pei Ho, Dr Luke Howard, Dr Rachel Hoyles, Ms Elaina Jamieson,
Dr Andrew Jeffreys, Dr Clare Jeffries, Prof Nick Maskell, Dr Phil Mason, Dr
Kim McAnaulty, Dr Fiona McCann, Dr Sarah Menzies, Dr Alastair Moore,
Dr Stuart Mucklow, Dr Annabel Nickol, Dr Jayne Norcliffe, Dr Jeremy
Parr, Mrs Lisa Priestley, Dr Ben Prudon, Prof Naj Rahman, Dr Catherine
Richardson, Mrs Jo Riley, Dr Peter Sebire, Prof John Simpson Mrs Gerry
Slade, Dr Mark Slade, Dr S Rolf Smith, Dr Andrew Stanton, Dr Catherine
Swales, Dr Denis Talbot, Dr David Taylor, Dr Catherine Thomas, Dr Estée
Török, Mrs Jan Turner-W ilson, Dr David Waine, Dr Ann Ward, Dr Chris
Wathen, Dr John Wiggins, and Dr Eleanor Wood.