Oxford Grammar for Schools 5. Student's Book

192 Pages·2016·115.15 MB·English

by  Moore Martin.

Oxford
Grammar
for Schools
Student's DVD-ROM
OXPORD
OXFORD
UNIVERSITY PRESS
GreatClarendonStreet.Oxford.0x26dp.UnitedKingdom
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Illustrationsby:JudyBrownpp.36.42.68.78.92(Ex10).97.98.107(Ex 1).112(Ex1).
118.12!»(Ex8).131(Ex 1).133.134.162.165.174.180.183:JamesHartpp.26.49.
73.92(EX8).99.106.125(Ex6).127.141.147,167.179.185;SeanLongcroftpp.7.
8.17.38(Ex13).50(Ex 1).62.65.81.94.126.129.142.152.164.166(Ex1).188;
AndyPeterspp.6.11.16.35.50(boyswithfiat-pack).61.67.74.84.87.112(man
andwoman).131(boyandgirlwithbottle).138.155.157
Wewouldalsoliketothankthefollowingforpermissiontoreproducethefollowing
photographs:Alamypp.9(GavinHellier/RobertHardingWorldimagery).
39(PictorialPressLtd).57(JeffGreenberg).158(baggagecartpavidPearson).
172(streetartist/Dircctphoto.org).184(SandyYoung):Corbispp.114(Stafl7
Reuters).186(Ocean/Creative);GettyImagespp.49(viewingeclipse/
ChinaPotoPress).130(FPG/HultonArchive);NASAp.90;Royalty-freepp.23(Brand
XPictures).24(icehockey/Photodisc).24(mountainbiking/Photodisc).30(Digital
Vision).42(PhotoAlto).47(Photodisc).54(Moscowbottomleft/(nocredit)).(Milan
top/Corbis/DigitalStock).(Venicebottomright/Photodisc).68(TetraImages).
70(Kim/Fuse).70(Mandy/Photodisc),(Tim/Moodboard).(Julia/RadiusImages).
(Ronny/RadiusImages).73(JolmerImages).87(ceramic/DennisKitchenStudio.
Inc).95(NASA).98(Corbis).104(Paul/Photodisc).(Amy/Photodisc).(Sidney/
Photodisc).(Cathy/Fancy).frony/Photodisc).117(Glowimages),122(Pete/Corbis),
(Mandy/UpperCut).(Brian/Photodisc).(Isabel/GarethBodcn).(Toby/GarethBoden).
(Libby/DigitalVision), 126(Photodisc).134(DigitalVision). 135(Photodisc).
140(eclipse/Corel).(lightning/Photodisc).1-14(George/Ingram).(Tommy/Blue
JeanImages).(SallyandJane).(Iris/IanShaw).(Isabel/Corbis/DigitalStock).
145(BlueJeanImages), 148(Photodisc).154(DesignPics),(screeningluggage/
Creatas).164(eggs/Photodisc),177(Corel).188(beekeeper/VladimirCodnik);
Shutterstockpp.21(NataliiaMelnychuk).34flXipungato).49(girlandlaptop/
levdolgachov).53(Thirteen).59(AigarsReinholds).66(KrivoshccvVitaly).
71(WildArcticPictures).75(Vine).87(knittedwool/StefanieLcuker).(softbrown
lcather/donmitsky).(cotton/JiriHera).(feathers/mjl99).(snakeskin/Sayanjo65).
(basketwork/FramcAngcl).(fur/Arsgera).(nctting/jps).88(KonstantinSutyagin),
93(Ociada).96(LisaF.Young). 102(icehotel/HelmutKonradWatson),(mountains/
DoinOakenhelm).(smorgasbord/zolwiks).(inansion/williaincasey).(kangaroo/
JanelleLugge).(manwithfish/FabienMonteil).103(filipw).105(KimBriers).
109(ScottLatham).110(GalynaAndrushko). 123(T-Dcsign).140(Oscars/JoeSeer).
141(KhakimullinAleksandr). 143(Excellentbackgrounds),144(Julia/Maridav).
l46(MarkMirror).149(JorgHackemann).156(Venusfiytrap/Mageon).(tortoise/
MikePrice).(tiger/EricIsselee).(rhino/PalTeravagiinov).(chicken/ValentinaS).
158(airlinetag/lesapiimages),(loadingluggage/LisaS.).plane/EwanChesser),
(carousel/AmyJohansson).161(EMprize).164(newspapers/Photosani),170(Joe
Belanger),172(barber/LeventKonuk).173(CandyBoxImages).181(Alexander
Raths).185(dotshock).l88(fisherman/pistolseven)
Introduction
OxfordGrammarforSchools helpsstudentsdevelopa Attheendofthe bookthereare nine pagesofextra
detailed understandingofgrammarformandusein informationfor theinformationgap activities,a
context,andinspiresthem to havefunwith English referencesection containing formtables,andan
through personalizedactivities,gamesandroleplay. irregular verb list.
Thegrammarisintroducedor revisedthrougheasy-
to-readtablesandillustratedpresentationswith clear Studentscan usetheOxfordGrammarforSchools series
examples,allof whicharelevel-appropriate.The inclasswithany coursebook to support andreinforce
exercises buildfrom controlledactivitiesupto more theirgrammar study.TheTeacher's Bookincludes
communicativeandproductiveskills-basedactivities. alltheanswersandaudio scripts.Therearealso
Ineach unitthereareseveral speaking activitieswhere photocopiabletests for every Student's Bookunit,and
studentsworkwith each other to use Englishwith tworeviewtestswhichcan beusedattheendof school
improvedaccuracy andconfidence.Theextended terms or atany otherappropriatetime.
writing activitiesalsoencouragestudentstouse
language inrealistic situations. Student's DVD-ROM
TheStudent's DVD-ROM includesalltheexercises in
Eachunit beginswitha'Cando'statement,which
theStudent's Book,aswellas allthe audiorecordings
summarizeswhat studentswill beableto achieveon
for the listeningandpronunciationactivities.Students
completionof the unit.Attheendofeach unitisaself-
canaccess extra scored interactiveactivities,giving
evaluationtable. Studentsshould beencouragedto
them motivatingadditional practicefor homework.
ratetheir progressineach exercise,whichhelpsthem
These can be printed.Theteachercan also use the
to take responsibilityfor theirown learningandalso
DVD-ROMon an interactivewhiteboard inclass.
increases motivation.
Key to the symbols
O0.0 (=0.0track number) Listeningactivity
Speaking activity
Game
/
Extendedwriting activity
© Pronunciationactivity
Introductory exercise
%» Moderately challenging exercise
*
*(cid:127) Mostchallengingexercise
'!ÿ
A difficulty rating isgiven to each exercise.Thescaleof difficulty is relativeto each unit,
so thereareexerciseswith one,two,andthree starsinevery unit.
Introduction 3
Contents
1 Countableanduncountable Countableand uncountablenouns 6
nouns;articles Articles:a/an/some/any/the/noarticle
2 Quantifiers (Not) much,(not) many,several,lots,alot of, 11
(a)few,(a) little
Too much,toomany,(not) enough
3 Pronouns Reflexiveandemphatic pronouns:myself,etc. 16
Indefinitepronouns:someone,everywhere,etc.
Revision1 Units 1-3 21
4 Revisionoftenses Presentsimple;have (got) 25
Presentcontinuous
Pastsimple;pasttimeexpressions
Pastcontinuous;when/while
5 Thepresent Presentsimpleor presentcontinuous? 30
Stateverbsandaction verbs
6 Thepast Presentperfect,pastsimple,pastcontinuous,past perfect 35
Adverbsandtimeexpressions:just/already/yet/still/ever/
never/for/since
Presentperfectcontinuous;recently/lately
Usedto andbe/get usedto
7 Thefuture Will, begoingtoand presentcontinuous 41
Shall
Presentsimplewitha future meaning;before/after/
as/by thetime/until/wnen/while
assoon
Futurecontinuousand future perfect
Revision2 Units4-7 46
8 The-ing formandtheinfinitive The-ingform;after go;adjective+prepositioncombinations 50
Theinfinitivewithout to andwith to;make/let;senseverbs
Theinfinitivewithtoorthe-ing form;stop/try/remember
9 Reportedspeech Reportedstatements;tense changes;timeandplacereferences 55
Reportedquestions; 'Couldyoutellme ...?7'Let'sask ...'
10 Reportingverbs +object +the Common reportingverbs;reportinga request;reportingan 61
infinitive order
11 Sentenceswith it Itusedwithweather/distance/time;ittakes ...;itandthere 64
12 Verbs withtwo objects Make/give/send/offerwithtwo objects;indirectanddirect 67
objects
Revision3 Units8-12 70
13 Ability and requests Ability:can/can't,could,beableto,managedto 74
Requests:can,could,would, may
14 Necessityand obligation Must,haveto, needto,can 79
Hadto,neededto, needn't have,couldn't
15 Plans,predictionsand Makingplans (shall,could,would) 84
guesses Predictions (might,may,will)
Guessesandspeculations (must,might,could,can't)
Revision4 Units 13-15 89
4 Contents
16 Questionsandquestiontags Questions:subject andobject questions;What +noun;How+ 93
adjective;What...for?;What...like?
Questiontags
17 Relativeclausesand Definingrelativeclauses:who/that/which/whose/where; 98
exclamatory sentences omissionof relative pronoun
Non-definingrelativeclauses
Exclamatorysentences:How+opinionadjective;
What +adjective/noun
Revision5 Units 16-17 103
18 Zero andfirst conditional Zero conditional 107
First conditional;if/unless
19 Secondandthird conditional Secondconditional 112
Third conditional
20 Beglad,wish, if only, Wishandif only with pasttenses;beglad/pleased (that) 117
would rather Wish+would;would rather +pastsimple
Revision6 Unit 18-20 122
...
21 Comparativeand superlative Comparativeand superlativeadjectives;notas as 126
forms Comparativeandsuperlative adverbs
22 Adjectives andadverbsof Positionof adjectives;presentparticipleadjectives; 131
degree past participleadjectives
Order ofadjectives
Adverbs of degree:very/really/rather/quite
23 Adverbs:frequency,manner, Adverbs offrequency 136
placeandtime Adverbs of manner,timeand place
24 Soandsuch So+adjective/adverb/quantifier;such+adjective+ 141
noun/quantifier
Revision7 Units21-24 144
25 Prepositionsoftime, place Prepositionsof time 148
and movement Prepositionsof place
Prepositionsof movement
26 Linkingwords Prepositionsandconjunctions:while/when/so/even though/ 154
until/during/by/except
As and like
27 Presentandpastsimple Active and passive 157
passive Presentsimple passive
Pastsimplepassive
28 Futuresimplepassiveand Futuresimplepassive 162
might Passivewith might+be/get
29 Havesomething done Havesomething done:various tenses anddifferent modalverbs 166
Revision8 Units25-29 169
30 Phrasalverbs Phrasalverbs with object/noobject 173
Phrasalverbs with get/give/go/put/take
Revision9 All units 176
Extrainformation 180
Reference 189
Irregularverb list 192
Contents 5
Countable and uncountable nouns; articles
Ican usecountable and uncountablenouns;Ican use articles.
Countable and uncountable nouns
We useuncountable nounsto talkabout substances
and forces which can't becounted:rice,water,
My uncle's aw explorer. He's climbed
weather,electricity,space.
Moui-vt Everest,crossed the cÿobidesert,
riddenacrossthe iÿSA oi-v a motorbike avuA This includes many
travelled acrossAfrica ivÿa hotair balloon foods and liquids:cheese,meat,butter,sugar,milk,
but he's vÿever sailed ayvy ofthe tafees or juice
seasofthe world. man-madeand natural materials:glass, glue, wood,
blood,mud,oxygen
general ideas:wealth,information,beauty,advice,
money
grouping words:furniture,traffic,accommodation,
news
feelings:happiness,sadness,confusion
Uncountablenouns don't have pluralforms.We can
often useacountable noun+of beforethemto
expressquantity.
iÿot?
adrop aslice a block ajar
of water of cheese of ice ofjam
He hates water!
Somemoreexamplesinclude:akiloofrice,apiece
ofinformation,afeelingofsadness.
Somenounscan be countable or uncountable,with
different meanings.
Putnewspaperonthefloor. (=material,U)
Canyougetmeanewspaper?(=object,C)
Sorry,wehaven'tgottimeforlunch. (=general idea,U)
Ringthebellthreetimes (=event,action,C)
Plantsneedlightandwater.(=naturalforce,U)
We use countable nounstotalkaboutthings(people, Howmanylightshaveyougotinyourbedroom?
animals,objects,ideas,events)whichwe can count. (=object,C)
Countablenouns havesingular and pluralforms. You'vegotapplejuice onyourshirt. (= liquid,U)
friend-»friends class-»classes family-»families Wouldyoulikeanapplejuice?(=aglassof apple
tomato ->tomatoes wife-»wives juice, C)
Therearesome irregularpluralforms. Other nounswhich can be uncountableor countable
man-»men woman-» women child->children includebusiness,exercise,experience,glass,hair,iron,
person->people foot-»feet tooth-» teeth life,noise,sport.
sheep-»sheep mouse->mice goose->geese
radio-»radios
6 Countableand uncountable nouns;articles
* 1 Are the underlinednounscountable (C) or uncountable(U)?
_
ÿ I'vegot a good idea! c 5 Isit madeof glass?
ÿ Was theweather good? uc 6 He'sphonedthemsix times. _
1 Haveyou got anumbrella? - 7 Lookat the people overth_ere. _
2 Where arethe keys? _ 8 There's mudonthe floor.
3 Ittakes time to learnalanguag_e. _ 9 What arevour hopesfor the future?
4 Weneed300gramsof sugar. 10 Could Ihavea glassof water? _
2 Workinpairs.Labelthepictureswiththewords inthebox.Usea,anor a numberwiththecountable
*
nouns.Usea pluralform where necessary.Numbers 1-4arevocabularytopics.
bus car chati boy dropof rain furniture people lorry man motorbike
puddle girl weather raincoat sofa shelf table transport umbrella woman
1 furniture
a a table
b_two cMairs,
c _
d
Vocabulary mindmapgame.Workinteams.
How manycountable nounscan you think
Oof
for these topics?You havefive minutes! MONgv rÿt
money education music water
4 O1.1 Circlethecorrect option.Then listen i **jÿ Circlethe two correctwords ineach line.
andcheck.
ÿ aslice/(piece / dropof cake
ÿ There were ten mouses/mice. 1 a bit/ piece/ litreof information
1 Could I havetwo box/ boxesof matches? 2 aspoonful/slice/ bagofsugar
2 It's/They're good news!We won! 3 adrop/ bottle/pieceofwater
3 Hisfeet was/ were verydirty. 4 a blockofcheese/ milk/wood
4 The ringsaremadeof golds/gold. 5 afeeling of sadness/ oxygen/ excitement
5 Kindnessis/areimportant. 6 ajar ofhoney/jam/energy
6 Sixvanilla ice-cream/ ice-creams,please. 7 a packetof crisps/juice / biscuits
7 Youcanreada newspaper/ newspaper while 8 acarton/ packet/ boxof eggs
Iget the drinks.
8 I'dlikea bedroomwith morespace/ spaces.
It'svery small.
Unit 1 7
A, an,some, any, the, no article
A and anareindefinitearticles.We usethemwhen itisnotimportantwhich particular nounor nouns
we'retalking about.We useany insteadof some innegativesentences and somequestions.
I
a/an+singularcountablenouns some/ any+pluralcountablenouns some/ any+uncountable nouns
I'llget abowlof rice. I'llget somebowlsof rice. I'llget somerice.
I'dlikean orange,please. I'dlikesomeoranges, please. I'd likesomeorangejuice, please.
There aren't anytrees. Isthereanyspace?
We usuallyusesome,notany,inpoliterequestsand offers.
CouldIhave/Wouldyoulikesomecrisps?
We usethe with countable and uncountablenouns We usenoarticlewithpluralcountable nounsand
when it isimportantor clear whichthing,things, uncountablenounswhenwe aretalking ingeneral.
personor peoplewe aretalking about.Thiscan be Helikesbooksandfilms.
becausewe havealreadytalked aboutthem before. Breadismadeofflour, water,yeastandsalt.
Wesawsomegreenbirdsandsomebrownbirds.
We usenoarticlebeforecolours,sports,activities
The greenbirdswerebeautiful.
and meals.
We also usethewhenthere isinformationafterwards Let'shavebreakfast.
toidentifythe noun. Idon'tlikeyellow.
I'dliketheorangesthatareinyourbag.
We usenoarticle before countries,mountains,
Ankara isthecapitalcityofTurkey.
lakes,islandsandcontinents.
We usethe whenthe nounisthe only one inthe world This isCanada/MountFuji/LakeGeneva/
or inthe placewhere we are. Madagascar/Asia(butThe USA/TheUK).
Isawitontheinternet.
We also use noarticle beforeplaceswhenthe
Let'sasktheteacher.
functionof theplaceismoreimportantthan the
We also usethewith musicalinstruments. building.Whenthe buildingismoreimportantwe
Heplaysthepiano/thedrums/theviolin. usean article.
Ted's atschool.(=the placewhere you have lessons)
We usethewith namesof rivers,seas, mountain
Theschool'sonfire!(=the buildingitself)
ranges,deserts and groups of islandsor states.
It'saphotooftheAmazon/the PacificOcean/ This rulealso appliestoprison,hospitalanduniversity.
theAndes/theSahara/theCanaries/theUnited Mybrother'sinhospitalforanoperation.
ArabEmirates. Thebusstopsatthehospital.
*6 Lookat thepicturesand write a,an orsome.
_ _ _
ÿ sovÿt orangejuice 2 water 4 wheel 6 elephant
1 _ glass 3 _ people 5 _ pollution 7 _ plants
8 Countableand uncountable nouns;articles
©
7 ©O1.2 Listento these sentences. Howis Icansee butterflies.'
'Where?'
the pronounced? Is it/ói:/or/óo/?Circlethe _
'Over there, by trees'
pronunciationyou hear.Answer thequestion,
4 'Did you have_ swimming lessontoday?'
then listenagain and repeat.
'No,becausetherewas_ problemwith
she hadthe tickets. a /ó¡:/ b /do/ water.'
5 'Weneed sugarfor this dessert.'
'Dowen_eeda lot?'
we saw the elephants. a /ói:/ b AW
'No,just _spoonful of brownsugar.'
6 'Look,Igot new plates.Doyou like
Iwashedthe uniform.. a /di:/ b /da/ design?'
'Yes.Ilike_ littleblueflowers in
middle.'
He's-sell-iyvg the-MP3-players,r a /ói:/ b /óo/
-y vv— 'Metoo. Unfortunatelythere weren't
v v— v
cupsor bowlsinthesamestyle.'
5 When dowe always pronounce theas/ói:/?
O
a before a vowel sound
*1 Completethesentenceswith theor-(no article).
b before a vowel letter
ÿ They'reskiing in the Alps.
8 O1.3 What dothe speakers say?Listenand 1 I'dliketo speakto _ manager.
2 Idon't usuallylike tomatoes butI like
tick ÿa orb.
_ tomatoes mygrandfather grows.
ÿ a Ifound a ring. ÿ 3 Thesetwo colours make-blue.
b Ifound somerings. O 4 It livesin_ MediterraneanSea.
1 a Icansee a plane. [_j 5 Canyou play__ piano? _
b Icanseethe plane. ÿ 6 It'smadeof butt_erand oil.
2 a He madechairs. ÿ 7 What time doyouhave lunch?
8 Lookat_ moon!
b He madethe chairs.
9 Shecomes,from_ Philippines.
3 a We've got an idea. ÿ
10 They had funyesterday.
b We've got some ideas. [~~]
— O
4 a Those are eggs. !i:11 01.5 Work insmall groups.Lookatthe photo
b Those arethe eggs. andwrite theanswerstothequestions.Guess if
you don't know.Thenlistenandcheck.
5 a Openthewindow.
b Open a window. (H
6 a It'sthe university.
b It'sa university.
7 a Itwas the hourbeforebedtime. I I
b Itwas an hour before bedtime. [_]
9 01.4 Completethe conversationswith a,an,the,u
ÿ1ÿ
any orsome.Thenlistenand check.
ÿ 'Ibought so\M.e magazinesfor you.'
'Thanks.Where arethey?'
'In the livingroom.' ÿ Which continent is it?
1 'Can Ihave_ piece of toastwith
Sou-thAmerica X
butter,please?'
1 Which continent is it?
'Yes,ofc_ourse.'
'Isthere jam?'
_
2 Which country isit?
'No,I'mafraid not.Doyouwant apple?'
'No,thanks.' _
3 What's inthebigpots?
2 'What's_that?Isit pen?'
'No,it's torch Itoldyou about.'
4 What arethe mengoing to do next?
Unit 1 9
*12 O1.5 Turn to page 180.Completetheaudioscript with a,an,the,someor-(noarticle). ÿ
ÿ1ÿ
Then listenagain and check.
:f13 Playingroups.Write onewordfor each letter ofthealphabet.Words mustbefrom one
of thesecategories.Usean articlewhere necessary.Which team canfinishfirst?
__
afood acolour anaturalsubstanceormaterial
ariver,seaordesert aman-madesubstance alake,islandorcontinent
Race 1 Race 2 Race3
agroupofmountains ormaterial ajob
acountry agroupofislandsorstates adrink
Race 1:A -theAndes,B- bread,C-Chile,D- ...
*14 Completethequestionnaire.Thencompareyour opinions insmall groups.
ÿ Important
you th'uftk?
What do
money.
good health
Decideif these things are: friends
Very important </ÿ Important ÿ Notimportant X
— goodhealth \he environment
'
ÿ02
education
What's Importauvt lia-life?
physic iheenvironment What do youthii/vte?
cars
féSSand
\ ttVmfe gooa Isiwjÿort&'vX,Síá-íJ
the internet i
drink
the sea education.Motley'siA-ot Importawt.
laughter
music "E.u.t moiA-ey'svery iÿportai-vtfor
a special food aÿvd drivÿi,for good health.
a special a sport or
place
person other activil
I I
Who? What?
Self-evaluation Rateyour progress.
U U U
*15 Choosethreeor four things, peopleor places,
and write about whytheyare importantto
you. Usethenounsfrom exercise 14or your
own ideas.
WHAT'S IMPORTANTINMyUF6?
Friends,good health, m,w.slc aiÿdfootballarevery
lm,portfli-vtto vÿt.
( havethree goodfriends at school auvd other
friereis atthe nÿutslcclub that Igoto. They are
importai/vtto m,efor different reasons.
My friend .sldcvey Isa ...
10 Countableand uncountable nouns;articles